如何修改GNUPlot创建的饼图

时间:2016-04-22 02:29:04

标签: gnuplot

输入:

我有一个myfile.csv文件,其中包含以下信息:

Shift,Percentage
Day Shift, 39.94
Night Shift, 60.06

GNUPlot处理:

myfile.csv文件被提供pie_chart_generator.gnuplot文件:

#!/usr/bin/gnuplot -persist
reset
set title "\n"
set label 1 "My Pie Chart\nShift Usage Break Down" at graph 0,1.125 left
set terminal wxt
unset key
set datafile separator ","
set terminal png 
set size square
set output "piechart.png"
stats 'myfile.csv' u 2 noout      # get STATS_sum (sum of column 2)

ang(x)=x*360.0/STATS_sum        # get angle (grades)
perc(x)=x*100.0/STATS_sum       # get percentage

#set size square                 # square canvas
set xrange [-1:1.5]
set yrange [-1.25:1.25]
set style fill solid 1

unset border
unset tics
unset key

Ai = 0.0; Bi = 0.0;             # init angle
mid = 0.0;                      # mid angle
i = 0; j = 0;                   # color
yi  = 0.0; yi2 = 0.0;           # label position


plot 'myfile.csv' u (0):(0):(1):(Ai):(Ai=Ai+ang($2)):(i=i+6) with circle linecolor var

并使用此作为reference创建。

图表的当前输出:

此代码生成此饼图: Output .png pie chart

问题:

Q1:如何以RGB格式为图表的每个扇区指定颜色? Q2:有没有办法可以将标签放在右上角? 问题3:如何将价值放在图表上?

图表的理想输出: enter image description here

附录:

我借助答案进一步改进了我的代码。答案中的代码对我来说并不安静,所以我不得不将其调整为:

#!/usr/bin/gnuplot -persist
reset

dataname = 'myfile.csv'
set datafile separator ','

# Get STATS_sum (sum of column 2) and STATS_records 
stats dataname u 2 noout

# Define angles and percentages
ang(x)=x*360.0/STATS_sum        # get angle (grades)
perc(x)=x*100.0/STATS_sum       # get percentage

# Set Output 
set terminal png
set output "piechart.png"
set size square

# Print the Title of the Chart
set title "\n"
set label 1 "My Pie Chart\nShift Usage Break Down" at graph 0,1.125 left

#set terminal wxt
unset key
set key off

set xrange [-1.5:1.5]
set yrange [-1.5:1.5]
set style fill solid 1

unset border
unset tics
unset colorbox

# some parameters 
Ai = 5.0;                     # Initial angle
mid = 0.0;                    # Mid angle

# This defines the colors yellow~FFC90E, and blue~1729A8
# Set palette defined (1 '#FFC90E', 2 '#1729A8')             # format '#RRGGBB'
set palette defined (1 1 0.788 0.055, 2 0.090 0.161 0.659)   # format R G B (scaled to [0,1])


plot for [i=1:STATS_records] dataname u (0):(0):(1):(Ai):(Ai=Ai+ang($2)):(i) every ::2 with circle linecolor palette,\
      dataname u (mid=(Ai+ang($2)), Ai=2*mid-Ai, mid=mid*pi/360.0, -0.5*cos(mid)):(-0.5*sin(mid)):(sprintf('%.2f\%', $2, perc($2))) w labels center font ',10',\
      for [i=1:STATS_records]dataname u (1.45):(i*0.25):1 every ::1 with labels left,\
      for [i=1:STATS_records] '+' u (1.3):(i*0.25):(i) pt 5 ps 4 lc palette 

# first line plot semicircles: (x):(y):(radius):(init angle):(final angle):(color)
# second line places percentages: (x):(y):(percentage)
# third line places the color labels
# fourth line places the color symbols
unset output

图表的当前输出 来自上面的代码

enter image description here

附录问题:

问题4:我对标签/标题遇到了很大的困难。我已经尝试了答案中的代码,我得到了相同的结果。如何在不相互打印的情况下打印标题?

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:3)

post you cited已经建议了一种放置标签和百分比值的方法。让我逐一解释实现这一目标的步骤。最后我写了完整的脚本。

  

问题3:如何将价值放在图表上?

每个切片都在两个角度(Ai,Af)内定义。百分比值应放在每个值的中间,(x,y)=(0.5*cos(mid), 0.5*sin(mid)),其中mid=0.5*(Ai+Af)是中点角度,0.5表示饼图半径的一半。

对于第一个条目,我们可以设置Ai=0,角度Af将根据您的数据计算为Af=ang($2),其中ang(x)在您的脚本中定义。 对于第二个条目,我们更新Ai=Af并再次计算Af=ang($2),依此类推。

最后,以下行应该放置百分比:

plot 'myfile.csv' u (mid=Ai+ang($2), Ai=2*mid-Ai, mid=mid*pi/360.0, -0.5*cos(mid)):(-0.5*sin(mid)):(sprintf('%.2f\%', $2, perc($2))) every ::1 w labels center font ',10'

注意:第一个括号(mid=Ai+ang($2), Ai=2*mid-Ai, mid=mid*pi/360.0, -0.5*cos(mid))计算角度AimidAf实际上不需要),然后返回坐标x=-0.5*cos(mid)

警告: x轴和y轴必须具有相同的范围:

set xrange [-1.5:1.5]
set yrange [-1.5:1.5]
  

Q2:我有没有办法将标签放在右上角?

对于彩色方块,您可以绘制固定x点和等间距y值的点:

for [i=1:STATS_records] '+' using (1.3):(i*0.25):(i) pt 5 ps 4 linecolor palette

其中STATS_records是您的文件的行数(已使用stats 'myfile.csv'计算)。此行使用伪文件' +',使用规范有三列(x):(y):(color),其中x=1.3已修复,y=i*0.25用于i=1,2,3,...,STATS_records,以及color=i使用linecolor palette。这些点是带有4个像素长度(pt 5)的实心方块(ps 4)。颜色的绘制顺序与各个饼图的顺序相同。

每种颜色的标签可以用:

绘制
plot for [i=1:STATS_records] 'myfile.csv' u (1.45):(i*0.25):1 every ::i::i with labels center font ',10'

其中,使用规范包含列(x):(y):(name)x=1.45值略大于之前使用的值,y=i*0.25必须与彩色方块的值相同。 name=$1从第1列中提取字符串,with labels使用该字符串。

注意:您可以使用with labels font 'Arial,10'控制标签的字体和大小。您可以将字体名称省略为font ',10'

  

Q1:如何以RGB格式为图表的每个扇区指定颜色?

在最后一个命令中,我使用linecolor palette,允许我们用

定义颜色
set palette defined (1 1 0.788 0.055, 2 0.090 0.161 0.659)

我使用RGB中的颜色,缩放到[0,1](黄色像是1 0.788 0.055;蓝色是0.090 0.161 0.659)。

注意:现在应使用以下方式绘制饼图:

plot for [i=1:STATS_records] dataname u (0):(0):(1):(Ai):(Ai=Ai+ang($2)):(i) every ::i-1::i-1 with circle linecolor palette

这是我使用您的数据获得的

pie-chart

这是完整的脚本:

#!/usr/bin/gnuplot -persist
reset

dataname = 'myfile.csv'
set datafile separator ','

# get STATS_sum (sum of column 2) and STATS_records 
stats dataname u 2 noout    

#define angles and percentages
ang(x)=x*360.0/STATS_sum        # get angle (grades)
perc(x)=x*100.0/STATS_sum       # get percentage

# output 
set terminal png
set output 'piechart.png'
set size square

set title "\n"
set label 1 "My Pie Chart\nShift Usage Break Down" at graph 00.5,0.95 left

set xrange [-1.5:2.5]     # length (2.5+1.5) = 4
set yrange [-2:2]         # length (2+2) = 4
set style fill solid 1

# unset border            # remove axis
unset tics                # remove tics on axis
unset colorbox            # remove palette colorbox 
unset key                 # remove titles

# some parameters 
Ai = 15.0;                # init angle
mid = 0.0;                # mid angle

# this defines the colors yellow~FFC90E, and blue~1729A8
# set palette defined (1 '#FFC90E', 2 '#1729A8')      # format '#RRGGBB'
set palette defined (1 1 0.788 0.055, 2 0.090 0.161 0.659) # format R G B (scaled to [0,1])


plot for [i=1:STATS_records] dataname u (0):(0):(1):(Ai):(Ai=Ai+ang($2)):(i) every ::i::i with circle linecolor palette,\
     dataname u (mid=(Ai+ang($2)), Ai=2*mid-Ai, mid=mid*pi/360.0, -0.5*cos(mid)):(-0.5*sin(mid)):(sprintf('%.2f\%', $2, perc($2))) ever\
y ::1 w labels center font ',10',\
     for [i=1:STATS_records] dataname u (1.45):(i*0.25):1 every ::i::i with labels left,\
     for [i=1:STATS_records] '+' u (1.3):(i*0.25):(i) pt 5 ps 4 lc palette    

# first line plot semicircles: (x):(y):(radius):(init angle):(final angle):(color)
# second line places percentages: (x):(y):(percentage)
# third line places the color labels
# fourth line places the color symbols
unset output

更新:原始myfile.csv有一个标题(第一行Shift,Percentage),gnuplot无法正确阅读。我们可以通过评论来忽略此行(添加#字符,例如# Shift,Percentage),或者在绘图行中从1开始every命令:

plot for [i=1:STATS_records] dataname u (0):(0):(1):(Ai):(Ai=Ai+ang($2)):(i) every ::i::i with circle linecolor palette,\
     dataname u (mid=(Ai+ang($2)), Ai=2*mid-Ai, mid=mid*pi/360.0, -0.5*cos(mid)):(-0.5*sin(mid)):(sprintf('%.2f\%', $2, perc($2))) ever\
y ::1 w labels center font ',10',\
     for [i=1:STATS_records] dataname u (1.45):(i*0.25):1 every ::i::i with labels left,\
     for [i=1:STATS_records] '+' u (1.3):(i*0.25):(i) pt 5 ps 4 lc palette

答案 1 :(得分:2)

通过调整和使用Vagobertos解释良好的代码(因为代码对我不起作用)并进行进一步的读数,我的代码如下:

GNUPlot代码:

#!/usr/bin/gnuplot -persist
reset

dataname = 'myfile.csv'
set datafile separator ','

# Get STATS_sum (sum of column 2) and STATS_records 
stats dataname u 2 noout

# Define angles and percentages
ang(x)=x*360.0/STATS_sum        # get angle (grades)
perc(x)=x*100.0/STATS_sum       # get percentage

# Set Output 
set terminal png
set output "piechart.png"
set size square

# Print the Title of the Chart
set title "\n"
set label 1 "My Pie Chart\nShift Usage Break Down" at graph 0,1.125 left

#set terminal wxt
unset key
set key off

set xrange [-1.5:1.5]
set yrange [-1.5:1.5]
set style fill solid 1

unset border
unset tics
unset colorbox

# some parameters 
Ai = 5.0;                     # Initial angle
mid = 0.0;                    # Mid angle

# This defines the colors yellow~FFC90E, and blue~1729A8
# Set palette defined (1 '#FFC90E', 2 '#1729A8')             # format '#RRGGBB'
#set palette defined (1 1 0.888 0.055, 2 0.156 0.455 0.651)   # format R G B (scaled to [0,1])


set palette defined (1 0.961 0.690 0.255, 2 0.180 0.525 0.757)   # format R G B (scaled to [0,1])

plot for [i=1:STATS_records] dataname u (0):(0):(1):(Ai):(Ai=Ai+ang($2)):(i) every ::i::i with circle linecolor palette,\
      dataname u (mid=(Ai+ang($2)), Ai=2*mid-Ai, mid=mid*pi/360.0, -0.5*cos(mid)):(-0.5*sin(mid)):(sprintf('%.2f\%', $2, perc($2))) w labels center font ',16',\
      for [i=1:STATS_records]dataname u (1.45):(i*0.25):1 every ::i::i with labels left font 'Arial-Bold,10',\
      for [i=1:STATS_records] '+' u (1.3):(i*0.25):(i) pt 5 ps 4 linecolor palette 


# ***************************************************   +--------------------         shape code=
#     for [i=1:STATS_records] '+' u (1.3):(i*0.25):(i) pt 8 ps 4 linecolor palette          # empty triangle
#     for [i=1:STATS_records] '+' u (1.3):(i*0.25):(i) pt 9 ps 4 linecolor palette          # solid triangle
#     for [i=1:STATS_records] '+' u (1.3):(i*0.25):(i) pt 7 ps 4 linecolor palette          # solid circle
#     for [i=1:STATS_records] '+' u (1.3):(i*0.25):(i) pt 6 ps 4 linecolor palette          # empty circle


# first line plot semicircles: (x):(y):(radius):(init angle):(final angle):(color)
# second line places percentages: (x):(y):(percentage)
# third line places the color labels
# fourth line places the color symbols



unset output

输出饼图: enter image description here