我们的类项目已经走到了尽头，我们有三个文件，两个是我们的转换和状态机程序，另一个是我们的语句文本文件。一切似乎都有效，除非我们尝试输入文本文件时，它总是将其归类为error_state。但是，如果我们将输入读入转换程序，它就能正常工作。
这是我们的结果：
Greg is beautiful
('reached the end state that is a ', 'error_state')
Greg is ugly
('reached the end state that is a ', 'error_state')
Greg is O.K.
('reached the end state that is a ', 'error_state')
我们也尝试将其作为一个列表阅读并将其拆分。
这是我们的代码：
Statemachine.py
class StateMachine:
def __init__(self):
self.handlers = {}
self.startState = None
self.endStates = []
def add_state(self, name, handler, end_state=0):
name = name.upper()
self.handlers[name] = handler
if end_state:
self.endStates.append(name)
def set_start(self, name):
self.startState = name.upper()
def run(self, cargo):
try:
handler = self.handlers[self.startState]
except:
raise InitializationError("must call .set_start() before .run()")
if not self.endStates:
raise InitializationError("at least one state must be an end_state")
while True:
(newState, cargo) = handler(cargo)
if newState.upper() in self.endStates:
print("reached the end state that is a ", newState)
break
else:
handler = self.handlers[newState.upper()]
Transitions.py
from Statemachine import StateMachine
positive_adjectives = ["great","fun", "handsome", "beautiful"]
negative_adjectives = ["boring", "difficult", "ugly", "goofy"]
def start_transitions(txt):
splitted_txt = txt.split(None,1)
word, txt = splitted_txt if len(splitted_txt) > 1 else (txt,"")
if word == "Greg":
newState = "Greg_state"
else:
newState = "error_state"
return (newState, txt)
def is_state_transitions(txt):
splitted_txt = txt.split(None,1)
word, txt = splitted_txt if len(splitted_txt) > 1 else (txt,"")
if word == "is":
newState = "is_state"
else:
newState = "error_state"
return (newState, txt)
def not_state_transitions(txt):
splitted_txt = txt.split(None,1)
word, txt = splitted_txt if len(splitted_txt) > 1 else (txt,"")
if word == "not":
newState = "not_state"
elif word in positive_adjectives:
newState = "positive_state"
elif word in negative_adjectives:
newState = "negative_state"
else:
newState = "error_state"
return (newState, txt)
def adjective_state_transitions(txt):
splitted_txt = txt.split(None,1)
word, txt = splitted_txt if len(splitted_txt) > 1 else (txt,"")
if word in positive_adjectives:
newState = "negative_state"
elif word in negative_adjectives:
newState = "positive_state"
else:
newState = "error_state"
return (newState, txt)
def neg_state(txt):
print("Not nice :(")
return ("negative_state", "")
if __name__== "__main__":
m = StateMachine()
m.add_state("Start", start_transitions)
m.add_state("Greg_state", is_state_transitions)
m.add_state("is_state", is_state_transitions)
m.add_state("not_state", not_state_transitions)
m.add_state("negative_state", None, end_state=1)
m.add_state("positive_state", None, end_state=1)
m.add_state("error_state", None, end_state=1)
m.set_start("Start")
with open('states.txt', 'r') as f_input:
statement1 = f_input.readline()
statement2 = f_input.readline()
statement3 = f_input.readline()
print (statement1)
m.run (statement1)
print (statement2)
m.run (statement2)
print (statement3)
m.run (statement3)
f_input.close()
states.txt
Greg is beautiful
Greg is ugly
Greg is O.K.
- 谢谢你！
答案 0 :(得分：1)
您的代码无效的原因是您没有从states.txt中的每一行删除换行符。
换句话说，您的输入文本实际上看起来像这样（显示换行符）：
Greg is beautiful\n
\n
Greg is ugly\n
\n
Greg is O.K.\n
（您可以通过将文件打开为f_input并在解释器中调用f_input.read()来验证这是Python看到的方式。）
从states.txt阅读时，f_input.readline()执行（仅针对第一行）Greg is beautiful\n。您的功能将其拆分为['Greg', 'is', 'beautiful\n']。
显然，额外的换行符将一切都抛弃了。 beautiful\n被识别为错误，所有内容都被归类为错误状态。这发生在所有的函数中。
使用.strip()删除尾随换行符。在所有您的函数中，将txt替换为txt.strip()，然后再调用其上的split()函数。
e.g。
def start_transitions(txt):
splitted_txt = txt.strip().split(None,1)
...
此外，我强烈建议删除所有输入行之间的额外空行。这将使您的生活更加轻松，特别是因为您可能无意中将空白行中的读数分配为您的陈述。
此代码不是生产质量。您在所有函数中都有很多重复的代码（特别是对于分割输入文本），您可以使用Python's ternary expressions使其更简洁。
一旦您确信代码正常运行，我强烈建议您在CodeReview上询问如何改进此问题 - 它将使您和该计划受益匪浅。