我正在尝试使用VHDL中的结构代码创建ALU。代码最初是在Verilog中，然后我手动将其全部更改为VHDL，这就是为什么我有许多单独的文件......但理论上这些应该可行。以下是相关的代码和文件：
- dwl_fulladd代码 -
LIBRARY ieee;
USE ieee.std_logic_1164.all;
USE ieee.std_logic_signed.all;
ENTITY dwl_fulladd IS
PORT (
x, y, Cin: IN STD_LOGIC;
s, Cout: OUT STD_LOGIC);
END dwl_fulladd;
ARCHITECTURE Structural OF dwl_fulladd IS
BEGIN
s <= x XNOR y XNOR Cin;
Cout <= ((x AND y) OR (x AND Cin) OR (y AND Cin));
END Structural;
- dwl_4bitadder代码 -
LIBRARY ieee;
USE ieee.std_logic_1164.all;
USE ieee.std_logic_signed.all;
ENTITY dwl_4bitadder IS
PORT (
x, y : IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (3 DOWNTO 0);
carryin: IN STD_LOGIC;
s: OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (3 DOWNTO 0);
carryout: OUT STD_LOGIC);
END dwl_4bitadder;
ARCHITECTURE Structural OF dwl_4bitadder IS
SIGNAL c : STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (3 DOWNTO 1);
COMPONENT dwl_fulladd
PORT (
x, y, Cin: IN STD_LOGIC;
s, Cout: OUT STD_LOGIC);
END COMPONENT dwl_fulladd;
BEGIN
stage0: dwl_fulladd PORT MAP (carryin, x(0), y(0), s(0), c(1));
stage1: dwl_fulladd PORT MAP (c(1), x(1), y(1), s(1), c(2));
stage2: dwl_fulladd PORT MAP (c(2), x(2), y(2), s(2), c(3));
stage3: dwl_fulladd PORT MAP (c(3), x(3), y(3), s(3), carryout);
END Structural;
- dwl_mux2to1代码 -
LIBRARY ieee;
USE ieee.std_logic_1164.all;
USE ieee.std_logic_signed.all;
ENTITY dwl_mux2to1 IS
PORT (
x1, x2, s: IN STD_LOGIC;
f: OUT STD_LOGIC);
END dwl_mux2to1;
ARCHITECTURE Structural OF dwl_mux2to1 IS
BEGIN
f <= (((NOT s)AND x1)OR(s AND x2));
END Structural;
- dwl_4mux2to1代码 -
LIBRARY ieee;
USE ieee.std_logic_1164.all;
USE ieee.std_logic_signed.all;
ENTITY dwl_4mux2to1 IS
PORT (
x0, x1: IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (3 DOWNTO 0);
sel: IN STD_LOGIC;
f: OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (3 DOWNTO 0));
END dwl_4mux2to1;
ARCHITECTURE Structural OF dwl_4mux2to1 IS
COMPONENT dwl_mux2to1 IS
PORT (
x1, x2, s: IN STD_LOGIC;
f: OUT STD_LOGIC);
END COMPONENT dwl_mux2to1;
BEGIN
stage0: dwl_mux2to1 PORT MAP (sel, x0(0), x1(0), f(0));
stage1: dwl_mux2to1 PORT MAP (sel, x0(1), x1(1), f(1));
stage2: dwl_mux2to1 PORT MAP (sel, x0(2), x1(2), f(2));
stage3: dwl_mux2to1 PORT MAP (sel, x0(3), x1(3), f(3));
END Structural;
- dwl_Blogic代码 -
LIBRARY ieee;
USE ieee.std_logic_1164.all;
USE ieee.std_logic_signed.all;
ENTITY dwl_Blogic IS
PORT (
FS2_in, FS1_in: IN STD_LOGIC;
B_in: IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (3 DOWNTO 0);
Y_out: OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (3 DOWNTO 0));
END dwl_Blogic;
ARCHITECTURE Behavioral OF dwl_Blogic IS
BEGIN
PROCESS (FS2_in, FS1_in, B_in)
BEGIN
if FS2_in = '0' AND FS1_in = '0' then
Y_out <= "0000";
elsif FS2_in = '0' AND FS1_in = '1' then
Y_out <= B_in;
elsif FS2_in = '1' AND FS1_in = '0' then
Y_out <= (NOT B_in);
elsif FS2_in = '1' AND FS1_in = '1' then
Y_out <= "1111";
end if;
END PROCESS;
END Behavioral;
-dwl_lu代码 -
LIBRARY ieee;
USE ieee.std_logic_1164.all;
USE ieee.std_logic_signed.all;
ENTITY dwl_lu IS
PORT (
FS: IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (2 DOWNTO 1);
A, B: IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (3 DOWNTO 0);
lu_out: OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (3 DOWNTO 0);
carryout: OUT STD_LOGIC);
END dwl_lu;
ARCHITECTURE Behavioral OF dwl_lu IS
BEGIN
PROCESS (FS, A, B)
BEGIN
if FS = "00" then
lu_out <= (Not A);
carryout <= '0';
elsif FS = "01" then
lu_out <= (A AND B);
carryout <= '0';
elsif FS = "10" then
lu_out <= (A OR B);
carryout <= '0';
elsif FS = "11" then
lu_out <= (A(3) & A(3) & A(2) & A(1));
carryout <= A(0);
END if;
END PROCESS;
END Behavioral;
- dwl_au代码 -
LIBRARY ieee;
USE ieee.std_logic_1164.all;
USE ieee.std_logic_signed.all;
ENTITY dwl_au IS
PORT (
FS: IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (2 DOWNTO 0);
A, B: IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (3 DOWNTO 0);
au_out: OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (3 DOWNTO 0);
carryout: OUT STD_LOGIC);
END dwl_au;
ARCHITECTURE Structural OF dwl_au IS
SIGNAL Y: STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (3 DOWNTO 0);
COMPONENT dwl_Blogic IS
PORT (
FS2_in, FS1_in: IN STD_LOGIC;
B_in: IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (3 DOWNTO 0);
Y_out: OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (3 DOWNTO 0));
END COMPONENT dwl_Blogic;
COMPONENT dwl_4bitadder IS
PORT (
x, y : IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (3 DOWNTO 0);
carryin: IN STD_LOGIC;
s: OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (3 DOWNTO 0);
carryout: OUT STD_LOGIC);
END COMPONENT dwl_4bitadder;
BEGIN
stage0: dwl_Blogic (FS(2), FS(1), B, Y);
stage1: dwl_4bitadder (FS(0), A, Y, au_out, carryout);
END Structural;
- dwl_alu代码 -
LIBRARY ieee;
USE ieee.std_logic_1164.all;
USE ieee.std_logic_signed.all;
ENTITY dwl_alu_vhdl IS
PORT (
FS, A, B: IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (3 DOWNTO 0);
F: OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (3 DOWNTO 0);
Cout: OUT STD_LOGIC);
END dwl_alu_vhdl;
ARCHITECTURE Structural OF dwl_alu_vhdl IS
SIGNAL AU, LU: STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (3 DOWNTO 0);
SIGNAL AU_C, LU_C: STD_LOGIC;
COMPONENT dwl_au IS
PORT (
FS: IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (2 DOWNTO 0);
A, B: IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (3 DOWNTO 0);
au_out: OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (3 DOWNTO 0);
carryout: OUT STD_LOGIC);
END COMPONENT dwl_au;
COMPONENT dwl_lu IS
PORT (
FS: IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (2 DOWNTO 1);
A, B: IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (3 DOWNTO 0);
lu_out: OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (3 DOWNTO 0);
carryout: OUT STD_LOGIC);
END COMPONENT dwl_lu;
COMPONENT dwl_4mux2to1 IS
PORT (
x0, x1: IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (3 DOWNTO 0);
sel: IN STD_LOGIC;
f: OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (3 DOWNTO 0));
END COMPONENT dwl_4mux2to1;
COMPONENT dwl_mux2to1 IS
PORT (
x1, x2, s: IN STD_LOGIC;
f: OUT STD_LOGIC);
END COMPONENT dwl_mux2to1;
BEGIN
stage0: dwl_au (FS(2 DOWNTO 0), A, B, AU, AU_C);
stage1: dwl_lu (FS(2 DOWNTO 1), A, B, LU, LU_C);
stage2: dwl_4mux2to1 (FS(3), AU, LU, F);
stage3: dwl_mux2to1 (FS(3), AU_C, LU_C, Cout);
END Structural;
这是Logic单元的真值表： Logic
这是BLogic Unit的真值表：enter image description here
我继续收到以下错误：
Error (10777): VHDL error at nwl_au.vhd(34): expected an architecture identifier in index.
Error (10346): VHDL error at nwl_au.vhd(34): formal port or parameter "FS2_in" must have actual or default value.
Error (10784): HDL error at nwl_au.vhd(19): see declaration for object "FS2_in".
Error (10346): VHDL error at nwl_au.vhd(34): formal port or parameter "FS1_in" must have actual or default value.
Error (10784): HDL error at nwl_au.vhd(19): see declaration for object "FS1_in".
Error (10346): VHDL error at nwl_au.vhd(34): formal port or parameter "B_in" must have actual or default value.
Error (10784): HDL error at nwl_au.vhd(20): see declaration for object "B_in".
这些错误与代码的dwl_au说明有关。
有人可以帮帮忙吗？我不知道如何解决它。
答案 0 :(得分：3)
您的代码有两个问题：
i）实例化的语法缺少构造port map。此
stage0: dwl_Blogic (FS(2), FS(1), B, Y);
stage1: dwl_4bitadder (A, Y, FS(0), au_out, carryout);
应该是这样的：
stage0: dwl_Blogic port map (FS(2), FS(1), B, Y);
stage1: dwl_4bitadder port map (A, Y, FS(0), au_out, carryout);
而且：
stage0: dwl_au (FS(2 DOWNTO 0), A, B, AU, AU_C);
stage1: dwl_lu (FS(2 DOWNTO 1), A, B, LU, LU_C);
stage2: dwl_4mux2to1 ( AU, LU, FS(3), F);
stage3: dwl_mux2to1 (FS(3), AU_C, LU_C, Cout);
应该是这样的：
stage0: dwl_au port map (FS(2 DOWNTO 0), A, B, AU, AU_C);
stage1: dwl_lu port map (FS(2 DOWNTO 1), A, B, LU, LU_C);
stage2: dwl_4mux2to1 port map ( AU, LU, FS(3), F);
stage3: dwl_mux2to1 port map (FS(3), AU_C, LU_C, Cout);
ii）您在端口映射中使用位置关联导致两个错误。基本上，您没有正确连接端口。所以，例如，这没有正确连接（我知道因为它不能编译）：
stage1: dwl_4bitadder (FS(0), A, Y, au_out, carryout);
我的猜测（因为在端口类型上）是你的意思：
stage1: dwl_4bitadder (A, Y, FS(0), au_out, carryout);
但只有你知道这是否正确。但是（这非常重要），如果您为端口映射使用了命名关联，那么您可能不会犯这样的错误。所以，而不是上述情况，（考虑到我不知道你的设计意图，所以可能有这些连接错误）这样做：
stage1: dwl_4bitadder (x => A, y => Y, carryin => FS(0), s => au_out, carryout => carryout);
永远不要对端口映射使用位置关联。它太容易出错，因为您进行了代码演示。