Question

现在我可以从属性文件中注入值：

@Value("${aaa.prop}")
public String someProp;

但我想要更多......

例如我有一些属性文件：

aaa.props=p1,p2,p3
aaa.props.p1=qwe
aaa.props.p2=asd
aaa.props.p3=zxc

我确信它包含属性aaa.props，并且对其他属性一无所知。我希望使用以下代码来映射这些属性：

@Value ("${aaa.props}") 
public Map<String, String> someProps;

导致someProps：{p1=qwe,p2=asd,p3=zxc}

Answer 1

我为你构建了一个通用方法：通过过滤另一个地图来创建地图的工厂bean（毕竟属性是一种地图）。

这是工厂bean：

public class FilteredMapFactoryBean<V> extends
    AbstractFactoryBean<Map<String, V>>{

    private Map<String, V> input;

    /**
     * Set the input map.
     */
    public void setInput(final Map<String, V> input){
        this.input = input;
    }

    /**
     * Set the string by which key prefixes will be filtered.
     */
    public void setKeyFilterPrefix(final String keyFilterPrefix){
        this.entryFilter = new EntryFilter<String, V>(){

            @Override
            public boolean accept(final Entry<String, V> entry){
                return entry.getKey().startsWith(keyFilterPrefix);
            }
        };
    }

    public static interface EntryFilter<EK, EV> {

        boolean accept(Map.Entry<EK, EV> entry);
    }

    /**
     * If a prefix is not enough, you can supply a custom filter.
     */
    public void setEntryFilter(final EntryFilter<String, V> entryFilter){
        this.entryFilter = entryFilter;
    }

    private EntryFilter<String, V> entryFilter;

    /**
     * {@inheritDoc}
     */
    @Override
    public Class<?> getObjectType(){
        return Map.class;
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritDoc}
     */
    @Override
    protected Map<String, V> createInstance() throws Exception{
        final Map<String, V> map = new LinkedHashMap<String, V>();
        for(final Entry<String, V> entry : this.input.entrySet()){
            if(this.entryFilter == null || this.entryFilter.accept(entry)){
                map.put(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
            }
        }
        return map;
    }

}

这是一个带有一些示例用法的spring bean定义文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">

    <!-- use System.getProperties() as input -->
    <bean class="spring.test.FilteredMapFactoryBean" id="javaMap">
        <property name="keyFilterPrefix" value="java." />
        <property name="input" value="#{T(java.lang.System).getProperties()}" />
    </bean>

    <!-- use custom properties as input -->
    <bean class="spring.test.FilteredMapFactoryBean" id="customMap">
        <property name="keyFilterPrefix" value="hello" />
        <property name="input">
            <props>
                <prop key="hello">Is it me you're looking for?</prop>
                <prop key="hello.again">Just called to say: hello.</prop>
                <prop key="hello.goodby">You say goodbye and I say hello</prop>
                <prop key="goodbye.blue.sky">Did-did-did-did-you hear the falling bombs?</prop>
                <prop key="goodbye.ruby.tuesday">Who could hang a name on you?</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>

</beans>

这是一个测试类：

public class Tester{

    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public static void main(final String[] args){
        final ApplicationContext context =
            new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:spring/test/mapFactorybean.xml");

        final Map<String, String> javaMap =
            (Map<String, String>) context.getBean("javaMap");
        print("java.", javaMap);
        final Map<String, String> customMap =
            (Map<String, String>) context.getBean("customMap");
        print("hello.", customMap);

    }

    private static void print(final String prefix, final Map<String, String> map){
        System.out.println("Map of items starting with " + prefix);
        for(final Entry<String, String> entry : map.entrySet()){
            System.out.println("\t" + entry.getKey() + ":" + entry.getValue());
        }
        System.out.println("");
    }

}

输出符合预期：

Map of items starting with java.
    java.runtime.name:Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment
    java.vm.version:14.2-b01
    java.vm.vendor:Sun Microsystems Inc.
    java.vendor.url:http://java.sun.com/
    java.vm.name:Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM
    java.vm.specification.name:Java Virtual Machine Specification
    java.runtime.version:1.6.0_16-b01
    java.awt.graphicsenv:sun.awt.Win32GraphicsEnvironment
        [... etc]

Map of items starting with hello.
    hello.goodby:You say goodbye and I say hello
    hello:Is it me you're looking for?
    hello.again:Just called to say: hello.

Answer 2

我恐怕你不能，直接。但你可以

实现ApplicationContextAware并将ApplicationContext设置为bean中的字段。
在@PostConstruct方法调用context.getBean("${aaa.props}")
手动解析结果并将其设置为所需的字段

Answer 3

您可以使用aaa.props={p1:'qwe',p2:'asd',p3:'zxc'}。

属性文件：

@Value("#{${aaa.props}}")
private Map<String,String> someProps;

Java代码：

read

Answer 4

你可以这样做： Maven依赖

<dependency>
      <groupId>javax.annotation</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.annotation-api</artifactId>
      <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>

添加导入。

import javax.annotation.Resource;

...

@Resource (name="propertiesMapName") 
public Properties someProps;

在你的spring xml应用程序上下文中：

<util:properties id="propertiesMapName" location="classpath:yourFile.properties"/>

您将需要此命名空间

xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"

http://www.springframework.org/schema/util
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.1.xsd

Answer 5

在https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/html/spring-boot-features.html#boot-features-external-config

上定义良好的解决方案

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix="my")
public class Config {

    private List<String> servers = new ArrayList<String>();

    public List<String> getServers() {
        return this.servers;
    }
}

如何使用Spring框架从property-file获取值到Map？

5 个答案: