我创建了一个名为HibernateSetUpTest2的动态Web项目，jpa被标记为项目方面之一。我希望将来把它放在tomcat服务器上，但是现在我只需要测试hibernate是否正常工作而不是。
我在这里关注了MySQL DBCP示例（jsp部分除外）： https://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-6.0-doc/jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html
现在我的xmls看起来像这样：
的persistence.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence version="2.1"
xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_1.xsd">
<persistence-unit name="unitName" transaction-type="JTA">
<provider>org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider</provider>
<jta-data-source>jdbc/TestDB</jta-data-source>
<class>entities.TestDataRow</class>
<properties>
<property name="hibernate.transaction.jta.platform"
value="org.hibernate.service.jta.platform.internal.SunOneJtaPlatform" />
<!-- andere properties hier definiëren -->
<!-- geen properties definiëren voor password, user, driver etc; want
we gebruiken datasource -->
<property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect" />
<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update" />
<property name="hibernate.connection.autocommit" value="true" />
</properties>
</persistence-unit>
</persistence>
的web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">
<display-name>HibernateSetUpTest2</display-name>
<resource-ref>
<description>DB Connection</description>
<res-ref-name>jdbc/TestDB</res-ref-name>
<res-type>javax.sql.DataSource</res-type>
<res-auth>Container</res-auth>
</resource-ref>
</web-app>
在eclipse的项目浏览器中，它显示了一个名为Servers的单独文件夹，其中包含 context.xml ：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Context>
<WatchedResource>WEB-INF/web.xml</WatchedResource>
<WatchedResource>${catalina.base}/conf/web.xml</WatchedResource>
<Resource name="jdbc/TestDB" auth="Container" type="javax.sql.DataSource"
maxActive="100" maxIdle="30" maxWait="10000"
username="javauser" password="javadude" driverClassName="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/javatest"/>
</Context>
在我的src文件夹中，我写了一个测试：
package tests;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.EntityTransaction;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
import entities.TestDataRow;
public class Hibernate {
public static void main(String[] args) {
EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("unitName");
EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
EntityTransaction tx = em.getTransaction();
tx.begin();
TestDataRow t = em.find(TestDataRow.class, 1);
System.out.println(t.getFoo());
tx.commit();
em.close();
emf.close();
}
}
这使用实体：
package entities;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name="testdata")
public class TestDataRow {
@Id
private int id;
private String foo;
private int bar;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getFoo() {
return foo;
}
public void setFoo(String foo) {
this.foo = foo;
}
public int getBar() {
return bar;
}
public void setBar(int bar) {
this.bar = bar;
}
}
当我以java应用程序运行测试时，它会抛出错误：
Dec 14, 2015 3:34:31 PM org.hibernate.jpa.internal.util.LogHelper logPersistenceUnitInformation
INFO: HHH000204: Processing PersistenceUnitInfo [
name: unitName
...]
Dec 14, 2015 3:34:31 PM org.hibernate.Version logVersion
INFO: HHH000412: Hibernate Core {5.0.5.Final}
Dec 14, 2015 3:34:31 PM org.hibernate.cfg.Environment <clinit>
INFO: HHH000206: hibernate.properties not found
Dec 14, 2015 3:34:31 PM org.hibernate.cfg.Environment buildBytecodeProvider
INFO: HHH000021: Bytecode provider name : javassist
Dec 14, 2015 3:34:31 PM org.hibernate.annotations.common.reflection.java.JavaReflectionManager <clinit>
INFO: HCANN000001: Hibernate Commons Annotations {5.0.1.Final}
Exception in thread "main" javax.persistence.PersistenceException: Unable to build entity manager factory
at org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider.createEntityManagerFactory(HibernatePersistenceProvider.java:66)
at javax.persistence.Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory(Persistence.java:55)
at javax.persistence.Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory(Persistence.java:39)
at tests.Hibernate.main(Hibernate.java:12)
Caused by: org.hibernate.service.spi.ServiceException: Unable to create requested service [org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.env.spi.JdbcEnvironment]
at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.createService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:244)
at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.initializeService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:208)
at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.getService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:189)
at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.JdbcServicesImpl.configure(JdbcServicesImpl.java:51)
at org.hibernate.boot.registry.internal.StandardServiceRegistryImpl.configureService(StandardServiceRegistryImpl.java:94)
at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.initializeService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:217)
at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.getService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:189)
at org.hibernate.boot.model.process.spi.MetadataBuildingProcess.handleTypes(MetadataBuildingProcess.java:352)
at org.hibernate.boot.model.process.spi.MetadataBuildingProcess.complete(MetadataBuildingProcess.java:111)
at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.metadata(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:770)
at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.build(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:797)
at org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider.createEntityManagerFactory(HibernatePersistenceProvider.java:58)
... 3 more
Caused by: org.hibernate.engine.jndi.JndiException: Error parsing JNDI name [jdbc/TestDB]
at org.hibernate.engine.jndi.internal.JndiServiceImpl.parseName(JndiServiceImpl.java:124)
at org.hibernate.engine.jndi.internal.JndiServiceImpl.locate(JndiServiceImpl.java:95)
at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.connections.internal.DatasourceConnectionProviderImpl.configure(DatasourceConnectionProviderImpl.java:98)
at org.hibernate.boot.registry.internal.StandardServiceRegistryImpl.configureService(StandardServiceRegistryImpl.java:94)
at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.initializeService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:217)
at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.getService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:189)
at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.env.internal.JdbcEnvironmentInitiator.buildJdbcConnectionAccess(JdbcEnvironmentInitiator.java:145)
at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.env.internal.JdbcEnvironmentInitiator.initiateService(JdbcEnvironmentInitiator.java:66)
at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.env.internal.JdbcEnvironmentInitiator.initiateService(JdbcEnvironmentInitiator.java:35)
at org.hibernate.boot.registry.internal.StandardServiceRegistryImpl.initiateService(StandardServiceRegistryImpl.java:88)
at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.createService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:234)
... 14 more
Caused by: javax.naming.NoInitialContextException: Need to specify class name in environment or system property, or as an applet parameter, or in an application resource file: java.naming.factory.initial
at javax.naming.spi.NamingManager.getInitialContext(NamingManager.java:662)
at javax.naming.InitialContext.getDefaultInitCtx(InitialContext.java:313)
at javax.naming.InitialContext.getURLOrDefaultInitCtx(InitialContext.java:350)
at javax.naming.InitialContext.getNameParser(InitialContext.java:505)
at org.hibernate.engine.jndi.internal.JndiServiceImpl.parseName(JndiServiceImpl.java:118)
... 24 more
我做错了什么？
答案 0 :(得分：1)
您的代码本身看起来很好（无法确定，但似乎没有什么严重错误）但您的测试本身存在很大问题：
这是一项独立的测试。
错误消息告诉你的是什么：
javax.naming.NoInitialContextException: Need to specify class name in environment or system property
基本上意味着，在尝试查找JNDI变量（您的数据库资源定义）时，它无处可见＆＃34;看起来＆＃34;。 您的测试中没有上下文。这就是失败的原因。
处理此类问题的标准方法是：
可以在此处找到进一步构思的示例和来源： Setting up JNDI Datasource for uni testing
答案 1 :(得分：0)
我认为你需要一些初始化或缺乏配置
jndi.java.naming.provider.url=jnp://localhost:1099/
jndi.java.naming.factory.url=org.jboss.naming:org.jnp.interfaces
jndi.java.naming.factory.initial=org.jnp.interfaces.NamingContextFactory