Question

我试图通过python3.4

执行以下子进程命令

cd /home/mailer-domains/domain | rndc loadkeys domain

我尝试了很多使用.call和.Popen的方法，但它不喜欢我的管道，或者它不喜欢我的开关

>>> subprocess.call(['cd /home/mailer-domains/'+domain, '|', 'rndc', 'loadkeys', domain])    
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/subprocess.py", line 537, in call
    with Popen(*popenargs, **kwargs) as p:
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/subprocess.py", line 859, in __init__
    restore_signals, start_new_session)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/subprocess.py", line 1457, in _execute_child
    raise child_exception_type(errno_num, err_msg)
FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'cd /home/mailer-domains/lecomm.com'

>>> subprocess.call(['cd /home/ex-mailer-domains/'+domain, '&&', 'rndc', 'loadkeys', domain]) 
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/subprocess.py", line 537, in call
    with Popen(*popenargs, **kwargs) as p:
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/subprocess.py", line 859, in __init__
    restore_signals, start_new_session)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/subprocess.py", line 1457, in _execute_child
    raise child_exception_type(errno_num, err_msg)
FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'cd /home/mailer-domains/lecomm.com'


>>> subprocess.call(['cd', '/home/mailer-domains/'+domain, '&&', 'rndc', 'loadkeys', domain])
cd: too many arguments
2


>>> subprocess.Popen(['cd', '/home/mailer-domains/'+domain, '&&', 'rndc', 'loadkeys', domain])    
<subprocess.Popen object at 0x805aa5860>
cd: too many arguments


>>> subprocess.call(['cd', '/home/mailer-domains/'+domain] '&&' ['rndc', 'loadkeys', domain])    
  File "<stdin>", line 1
    subprocess.call(['cd', '/home/mailer-domains/'+domain] '&&' ['rndc', 'loadkeys', domain])
                                                                 ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax


>>> subprocess.call(['cd', '/home/mailer-domains/'+domain], '&&' ['rndc', 'loadkeys', domain])
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
TypeError: string indices must be integers


>>> subprocess.call(['cd', '/home/mailer-domains/'+domain], ['rndc', 'loadkeys', domain])     
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/subprocess.py", line 537, in call
    with Popen(*popenargs, **kwargs) as p:
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/subprocess.py", line 767, in __init__
    raise TypeError("bufsize must be an integer")
TypeError: bufsize must be an integer


>>> subprocess.call(['cd', '/home/mailer-domains/'+domain] ['rndc', 'loadkeys', domain])
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
TypeError: list indices must be integers, not tuple


>>> subprocess.call(['cd', '/home/mailer-domains/'+domain] +['rndc', 'loadkeys', domain])
cd: too many arguments
2


>>> ps = subprocess.Popen((['cd', '/home/mailer-domains/'+domain]), stdout = subprocess.PIPE)        
>>> output = subprocess.check_output((['rndc', 'loadkeys', domain]), stdin=ps.stdout)
rndc: 'loadkeys' failed: not found
no matching zone 'lecomm.com' in any view
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/subprocess.py", line 620, in check_output
    raise CalledProcessError(retcode, process.args, output=output)
subprocess.CalledProcessError: Command '['rndc', 'loadkeys', 'lecomm.com']' returned non-zero exit status 1


>>> output = subprocess.check_output((['rndc', 'loadkeys', domain]), stdin=ps.stdout, stdout=PIPE)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
NameError: name 'PIPE' is not defined

如何通过Python3 subprocess正确发送2个管道命令？

Answer 1

答案可以在subprocess documentation。

中找到

subprocess模块中的函数通常不会调用shell来解释命令，而是直接使用给定的参数调用它们！使用参数shell=True（Python文档中的示例）可以覆盖此行为：

output = check_output("dmesg | grep hda", shell=True)

但是，如果命令和参数未修复但取决于用户输入，则不建议这样做。然后，正确的方法是使用两个Popen调用并手动构建管道（再次从Python文档中获取代码示例）：

p1 = Popen(["dmesg"], stdout=PIPE)
p2 = Popen(["grep", "hda"], stdin=p1.stdout, stdout=PIPE)
p1.stdout.close()  # Allow p1 to receive a SIGPIPE if p2 exits.
output = p2.communicate()[0]

Answer 2

您根本不需要管道，只需将cwd传递给子流程：

subprocess.call(['rndc', 'loadkeys', domain],cwd='/home/mailer-domains/'+domain)

如果您确实想要更改目录而不仅仅是子流程，则应使用os.chdir。

通过python3子进程发送管道命令

2 个答案: