我首先要注意的是,我的问题与此链接中的内容不同: finding and replacing elements in a list (python)
我想问的是,是否有一些已知的API或传统方式来实现这样的功能(如果不清楚,像我想象的list_replace()
这样的函数/方法是我正在寻找的):
>>> list = [1, 2, 3]
>>> list_replace(list, 3, [3, 4, 5])
>>> list
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
限制更换次数的API会更好:
>>> list = [1, 2, 3, 3, 3]
>>> list_replace(list, 3, [8, 8], 2)
>>> list
[1, 2, 8, 8, 8, 8, 3]
另一个可选的改进是,要替换的输入将是一个列表本身,而不是单个值:
>>> list = [1, 2, 3, 3, 3]
>>> list_replace(list, [2, 3], [8, 8], 2)
>>> list
[1, 8, 8, 3, 3]
是否有任何API看起来至少相似并执行这些操作,或者我应该自己编写?
答案 0 :(得分:1)
尝试;
def list_replace(ls, val, l_insert, num = 1):
l_insert_len = len(l_insert)
indx = 0
for i in range(num):
indx = ls.index(val, indx) #it throw value error if it cannot find an index
ls = ls[:indx] + l_insert + ls[(indx + 1):]
indx += l_insert_len
return ls
此功能适用于第一种和第二种情况;
它不符合你的第三个要求
的演示强>
>>> list = [1, 2, 3]
>>> list_replace(list, 3, [3, 4, 5])
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
>>> list = [1, 2, 3, 3, 3]
>>> list_replace(list, 3, [8, 8], 2)
[1, 2, 8, 8, 8, 8, 3]
注意强> 它返回一个新列表;传入的列表不会改变。
答案 1 :(得分:1)
这个怎么样,它适用于3个要求
def list_replace(origen,elem,new,cantidad=None):
n=0
resul=list()
len_elem=0
if isinstance(elem,list):
len_elem=len(elem)
for i,x in enumerate(origen):
if x==elem or elem==origen[i:i+len_elem]:
if cantidad and n<cantidad:
resul.extend(new)
n+=1
continue
elif not cantidad:
resul.extend(new)
continue
resul.append(x)
return resul
>>>list_replace([1,2,3,4,5,3,5,33,23,3],3,[42,42])
[1, 2, 42, 42, 4, 5, 42, 42, 5, 33, 23, 42, 42]
>>>list_replace([1,2,3,4,5,3,5,33,23,3],3,[42,42],2)
[1, 2, 42, 42, 4, 5, 42, 42, 5, 33, 23, 3]
>>>list_replace([1,2,3,4,5,3,5,33,23,3],[33,23],[42,42,42],2)
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 3, 5, 42, 42, 42, 23, 3]
答案 2 :(得分:0)
鉴于这并不难写,而且不是一个非常常见的用例,我认为它不会出现在标准库中。它的名字是什么,replace_and_flatten
?很难解释它的作用,并证明其包容性。
明确也比隐含更好,所以......
def replace_and_flatten(lst, searched_item, new_list):
def _replace():
for item in lst:
if item == searched_item:
yield from new_list # element matches, yield all the elements of the new list instead
else:
yield item # element doesn't match, yield it as is
return list(_replace()) # convert the iterable back to a list
答案 3 :(得分:0)
我开发了自己的功能,欢迎您使用并查看它。
请注意,与问题中的示例相矛盾 - 我的函数创建并返回一个新列表。它不修改提供的列表。
工作示例:
list = [1, 2, 3]
l2 = list_replace(list, [3], [3, 4, 5])
print('Changed: {0}'.format(l2))
print('Original: {0}'.format(list))
list = [1, 2, 3, 3, 3]
l2 = list_replace(list, [3], [8, 8], 2)
print('Changed: {0}'.format(l2))
print('Original: {0}'.format(list))
list = [1, 2, 3, 3, 3]
l2 = list_replace(list, [2, 3], [8, 8], 2)
print('Changed: {0}'.format(l2))
print('Original: {0}'.format(list))
我总是打印原始列表,因此您可以看到它未被修改:
Changed: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
Original: [1, 2, 3]
Changed: [1, 2, 8, 8, 8, 8, 3]
Original: [1, 2, 3, 3, 3]
Changed: [1, 8, 8, 3, 3]
Original: [1, 2, 3, 3, 3]
现在,代码(使用Python 2.7和Python 3.4测试):
def list_replace(lst, source_sequence, target_sequence, limit=0):
if limit < 0:
raise Exception('A negative replacement limit is not supported')
source_sequence_len = len(source_sequence)
target_sequence_len = len(target_sequence)
original_list_len = len(lst)
if source_sequence_len > original_list_len:
return list(lst)
new_list = []
i = 0
replace_counter = 0
while i < original_list_len:
suffix_is_long_enough = source_sequence_len <= (original_list_len - i)
limit_is_satisfied = (limit == 0 or replace_counter < limit)
if suffix_is_long_enough and limit_is_satisfied:
if lst[i:i + source_sequence_len] == source_sequence:
new_list.extend(target_sequence)
i += source_sequence_len
replace_counter += 1
continue
new_list.append(lst[i])
i += 1
return new_list
答案 4 :(得分:0)
我为你开发了一个功能(它适用于你的3个要求):
print list_replace([1,2,3], 3, [3, 4, 5])
print list_replace([1, 2, 3, 3, 3], 3, [8, 8], 2)
print list_replace([1, 2, 3, 3, 3], [2, 3], [8, 8], 2)
我已尝试过您的示例,但效果还不错。
测试:
list
注意:切勿使用is list
作为变量。我需要该对象来执行{{1}}技巧。