使用Pandas.DataFrame
在Series.interpolate
中插值很容易,如何进行外推?
例如,给定一个如图所示的DataFrame,我们怎样才能将它推断到2014-12-31多14个月?线性外推很好。
X1 = range(10)
X2 = map(lambda x: x**2, X1)
df = pd.DataFrame({'x1': X1, 'x2': X2}, index=pd.date_range('20130101',periods=10,freq='M'))
我认为必须首先创建一个新的DataFrame,DateTimeIndex从2013-11-31开始,并延长14个M
个句点。除此之外,我被困住了。
答案 0 :(得分:12)
DataFrame
索引DatetimeIndex
这可以通过两个步骤完成:
DatetimeIndex
使用新的df
覆盖DataFrame
,其数据为resampled,并根据原始index's start, period and frequency覆盖新的扩展索引。这允许原始df
来自任何地方,如csv
示例中的情况。这样,列可以方便地filled with NaNs!
# Fake DataFrame for example (could come from anywhere)
X1 = range(10)
X2 = map(lambda x: x**2, X1)
df = pd.DataFrame({'x1': X1, 'x2': X2}, index=pd.date_range('20130101',periods=10,freq='M'))
# Number of months to extend
extend = 5
# Extrapolate the index first based on original index
df = pd.DataFrame(
data=df,
index=pd.date_range(
start=df.index[0],
periods=len(df.index) + extend,
freq=df.index.freq
)
)
# Display
print df
x1 x2
2013-01-31 0 0
2013-02-28 1 1
2013-03-31 2 4
2013-04-30 3 9
2013-05-31 4 16
2013-06-30 5 25
2013-07-31 6 36
2013-08-31 7 49
2013-09-30 8 64
2013-10-31 9 81
2013-11-30 NaN NaN
2013-12-31 NaN NaN
2014-01-31 NaN NaN
2014-02-28 NaN NaN
2014-03-31 NaN NaN
大多数外推者都要求输入数字而不是日期。这可以通过
完成# Temporarily remove dates and make index numeric
di = df.index
df = df.reset_index().drop('index', 1)
有关如何使用answer推断DataFrame
的每列的值,请参阅此3rd order polynomial。
来自answer
的摘录# Curve fit each column for col in fit_df.columns: # Get x & y x = fit_df.index.astype(float).values y = fit_df[col].values # Curve fit column and get curve parameters params = curve_fit(func, x, y, guess) # Store optimized parameters col_params[col] = params[0] # Extrapolate each column for col in df.columns: # Get the index values for NaNs in the column x = df[pd.isnull(df[col])].index.astype(float).values # Extrapolate those points with the fitted function df[col][x] = func(x, *col_params[col])
一旦推断出列,请将日期放回
# Put date index back
df.index = di
# Display
print df
x1 x2
2013-01-31 0 0
2013-02-28 1 1
2013-03-31 2 4
2013-04-30 3 9
2013-05-31 4 16
2013-06-30 5 25
2013-07-31 6 36
2013-08-31 7 49
2013-09-30 8 64
2013-10-31 9 81
2013-11-30 10 100
2013-12-31 11 121
2014-01-31 12 144
2014-02-28 13 169
2014-03-31 14 196