为什么这个简单的Linux C程序在运行时加载.so会崩溃?

时间:2015-12-06 12:02:19

标签: c linux shared-libraries function-pointers dlsym

我正在尝试编写在运行时加载我的共享对象(.so)的最小程序。

不幸的是,尽管进行了错误检查,它仍会在运行时挂起: - (

我对我在源代码级别上忽略的内容非常感兴趣。

运行我的程序的源代码和我的shell会话如下。

文件“libsample.c”:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <dlfcn.h>

typedef void (*sample_func_t) (void);

int main(void)
{
    setbuf(stdout, NULL);
    setbuf(stderr, NULL);
    void* h_lib = dlopen("./libsample.so.1", RTLD_LAZY); // RTLD_LAZY || RTLD_NOW
    if (! h_lib)
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "ERROR(%d): %s\n", __LINE__, dlerror());
        return 1;
    }

    sample_func_t* symver = NULL;
    dlerror();
    symver = dlsym(h_lib, "sample_check");
    char* reter = dlerror();
    if (reter)
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "ERROR(%d): %s\n", __LINE__, reter);
        return 1;
    }

    printf("INFO(%d): Resolved library sample_check() symbol at %p\n", __LINE__, symver);
    printf("INFO(%d): About to call library sample_check() ...\n", __LINE__);
    (*symver)();
    printf("INFO(%d): sample_check() called !\n", __LINE__);

    int retcl = dlclose(h_lib);
    if (retcl)
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "ERROR(%d): %s\n", __LINE__, dlerror());
        return 1;
    }

    return 0;
}

文件“test.c”:

#! /bin/bash

echo "Begin of compilation ..."

rm test test.o libsample.so.1 libsample.so.1.0.1 libsample.o 2>/dev/null

gcc -fpic -c -o libsample.o libsample.c || exit 1

gcc -shared -Wl,-soname,libsample.so.1 -o libsample.so.1.0.1 libsample.o || exit 1

ln -s libsample.so.1.0.1 libsample.so.1 || exit 1

gcc -c -o test.o test.c || exit 1

gcc -o test test.o -ldl || exit 1

echo "Compilation successful !"

文件“build”:

valentin@valentin-SATELLITE-L875-10G:~/PROGRAMMING/C/Libraries/libsample$ 
valentin@valentin-SATELLITE-L875-10G:~/PROGRAMMING/C/Libraries/libsample$ ./build 
Begin of compilation ...
Compilation successful !
valentin@valentin-SATELLITE-L875-10G:~/PROGRAMMING/C/Libraries/libsample$ ./test 
INFO(27): Resolved library sample_check() symbol at 0x7f5e96df86f0
INFO(28): About to call library sample_check() ...
Erreur de segmentation
valentin@valentin-SATELLITE-L875-10G:~/PROGRAMMING/C/Libraries/libsample$ 

我的shell会话日志:

-l

有什么想法吗?

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

这里

 (*symver)();

代码重新引用已作为要运行的库函数的入口点接收的内容。这解析为一个随机地址,当被调用时,通常会使程序崩溃。

修复此定义

sample_func_t symver = NULL;

由于

samle_func_t已经是指针类型
typedef void (*sample_func_t) (void);

(记住*。)

然后分配symver有两种可能性:

  1. &#34;脏&#34;一个

    symver = dlsym(h_lib, "sample_check");
    

    &#34;脏&#34;因为编译器可能会发出如下警告:

    ISO C forbids assignment between function pointer and ‘void *’
    
  2. &#34;清洁工&#34;一个

    *(void**)(&symver) = dlsym(h_lib, "sample_check");
    
  3. 最后调用这个函数:

    symver(); /* No need to dereference here. */