Question

所以我必须为以下程序编写代码：

编写一个带有主函数和菜单的程序，用于选择一个函数： a）为学生输入数据（教师编号，年龄，性别）（最多25个） b）将男女学生的数据重写为两个新阵列并输出数组和平均年龄 c）输出最年轻的学生并使数组按年龄的升序排列并输出数组 d）按教师编号搜索学生并输出他的信息

好的，到目前为止一切顺利。 a）和d）正在按预期工作，但b）和c）给了我一些麻烦。在c）它说最年轻的学生是-88758375岁，并没有输出阵列。在b）它给我一个逻辑错误，它说整数除零并崩溃程序。我真的试图找到任何错误，但我被困住了，所以我请你帮忙:)））

#include "stdafx.h"
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;
const int N = 25;

struct student
{
    int fN;
    int age;
    char sex;
};

// a)
void input(student fN[N], int numberOfStudents)
{
    for (int i = 0; i<numberOfStudents; i++)
    {
        cout << "Faculty number: ";
        cin >> fN[i].fN;
        cout << "Age: ";
        cin >> fN[i].age;
        cout << "Sex: ";
        cin >> fN[i].sex;
        cout << endl;
    }
}

// b)
void rearrange(student fN[N], student fNm[N], student fNf[N], int numberOfStudents, int m, int f)
{
    int avgAgeM = 0, avgAgeF = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < numberOfStudents; i++)
    {
        if (fN[i].sex == 'm')
        {
            fNm[m].fN = fN[i].fN;
            fNm[m].age = fN[i].age;
            fNm[m].sex = fN[i].sex;
            m++;
            avgAgeM = avgAgeM + fN[i].age;
        }
        else if (fN[i].sex == 'f')
        {
            fNf[f].fN = fN[i].fN;
            fNf[f].age = fN[i].age;
            fNf[f].sex = fN[i].sex;
            f++;
            avgAgeF = avgAgeF + fN[i].age;
        }
        cout << endl;
        for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)
        {
            cout << "\tFaculty number: " << fNm[i].fN << "\tAge: " << fNm[i].age << "\tSex: " << fNm[i].sex << endl;
        }
        cout << "Average male age: " << avgAgeM / m << "\n\n";
        for (int i = 0; i<f; i++)
        {
            cout << "\tFaculty number: " << fNf[i].fN << "\tAge: " << fNf[i].age << "\tSex: " << fNf[i].sex << endl;
        }
        cout << "Average female age: " << avgAgeF / f << "\n\n";
    }

}

// c)
void ascendingAge(student fNm[N], student fNf[N], int m, int f)
{
    int x, y;
    char z;
    for (int i = 0; i < m-1; i++)
        for (int j = 0; j < m-i-1; j++)
        {
            if (fNm[j].age > fNm[j + 1].age)
            {
                x = fNm[j].age;
                y = fNm[j].fN;
                z = fNm[j].sex;

                fNm[j + 1].age = fNm[j].age;
                fNm[j].age = x;

                fNm[j + 1].fN = fNm[j].fN;
                fNm[j].fN = y;

                fNm[j + 1].sex = fNm[j].sex;
                fNm[j].sex = z;
            }
        }

    for (int i = 0; i < f-1; i++)
        for (int j = 0; j < f-i-1; j++)
        {
            if (fNf[j].age > fNf[j + 1].age)
            {
                x = fNf[j].age;
                y = fNf[j].fN;
                z = fNf[j].sex;

                fNf[j + 1].age = fNf[j].age;
                fNf[j].age = x;

                fNf[j + 1].fN = fNf[j].fN;
                fNf[j].fN = y;

                fNf[j + 1].sex = fNf[j].sex;
                fNf[j].sex = z;
            }
        }

    cout << "The youngest female student is " << fNf[0].age << " year-old." << endl;

    for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)
        cout << "\tFaculty number: " << fNm[i].fN << "\tAge: " << fNm[i].age << "\tSex: " << fNm[i].sex << endl;
    for (int i = 0; i<f; i++)
        cout << "\tFaculty number: " << fNf[i].fN << "\tAge: " << fNf[i].age << "\tSex: " << fNf[i].sex << endl;
    cout << endl;
}

//d
void searchStudent(student fN[N], int numberOfStudents)
{
    int x, index;
    bool yes = false;
    cout << "Enter a faculty number: ";
    cin >> x;

    for (int i = 0; i < numberOfStudents; i++)
        if (fN[i].fN == x)
        {
            yes = true;
            index = i;
        }
    cout << endl;

    if (yes == true)
        cout << "\tFaculty number: " << fN[index].fN << "\tAge: " << fN[index].age << "\tSex: " << fN[index].sex << endl;
    else
        cout << "No such faculty number.\n\n";
}



int main()
{
    student fN[N], fNm[N], fNf[N];
    int numberOfStudents, m = 0, f = 0;
    char check;

    cout << "Enter number of students: ";
    cin >> numberOfStudents;

BACK:
    cout << "\n\n";

    cout << "\t a) \n\t b) \n\t c) \n\t d)\n Press'q' to exit.\n\n";


    cin >> check;

    switch (check)
    {
    case 'a':
        input(fN, numberOfStudents);
        goto BACK;
        break;
    case 'b':
        rearrange(fN, fNm, fNf, numberOfStudents, m, f);
        goto BACK;
        break;
    case 'c':
        ascendingAge(fNm, fNf, m, f);
        goto BACK;
        break;
    case 'd':
        searchStudent(fN, numberOfStudents);
        goto BACK;
        break;
    case 'q':
        return 0;
        break;
    default:
        cout << "Wrong input.\n";
        goto BACK;
    }

    system("pause");
    return 0;
}

Answer 1

在函数重新排列中，您需要通过引用传递m和k：

void rearrange(student fN[N], student fNm[N], student fNf[N], int numberOfStudents, int& m, int& f):

Оr他们不会被改变

Answer 2

您似乎希望m和f成为此功能的输出

void rearrange(student fN[N], student fNm[N], student fNf[N], int numberOfStudents, int m, int f)

但只有在通过引用传递时才会起作用：

void rearrange(student fN[N], student fNm[N], student fNf[N], int numberOfStudents, int& m, int& f)

你应该通过测试防止除以零。而不是：

cout << "Average male age: " << avgAgeM / m << "\n\n";

使用

if (m)
   cout << "Average male age: " << avgAgeM / m << "\n\n";
else
   cout << "There are zero males\n\n";

，同样适用于f

无法找到c ++程序的解决方案

2 个答案: