我对C ++模板的熟悉程度很低,而且在模板类中添加纯虚函数已经无法满足编译器的需求。
以下代码......
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <sstream>
class Pearl
{
public:
Pearl(int value);
virtual ~Pearl();
protected:
int mValue;
};
Pearl::Pearl(int value)
: mValue(value)
{
std::cout << "$" << mValue << " Pearl created" << std::endl;
}
Pearl::~Pearl()
{
std::cout << "$" << mValue << " Pearl destroyed" << std::endl;
}
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
class Oyster
{
public:
Oyster(std::string str, int value);
virtual ~Oyster();
protected:
Pearl mPearl;
std::string mName;
friend class OStreamer;
};
Oyster::Oyster(std::string name, int value)
: mName(name)
, mPearl(value)
{
std::cout << "Oyster " << mName << " created" << std::endl;
}
Oyster::~Oyster()
{
std::cout << "Oyster " << mName << " destroyed" << std::endl;
}
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
template <typename T> class Streamer
{
public:
Streamer(T& rT, unsigned int flags);
~Streamer();
virtual std::ostream Display() = 0;
static const unsigned int A = 0x1;
static const unsigned int B = 0x2;
protected:
T& mrT; // Aah pity the foo!
unsigned int mFlags;
friend class OStreamer;
};
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
class OStreamer : public Streamer<Oyster>
{
public:
OStreamer(Oyster oyster, unsigned int flags);
virtual std::ostream Display();
};
OStreamer::OStreamer(Oyster oyster, unsigned int flags)
: Streamer<Oyster>(oyster, flags)
{
}
std::ostream OStreamer::Display()
{
std::ostringstream oss;
oss << "Oyster[" << mrT.mName << "]" << std::endl;
}
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
template <typename T> std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const Streamer<T> streamer)
{
return os;
}
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
int main()
{
Oyster sam("Sam", 50);
std::cout << OStreamer(sam, OStreamer::A) << std::endl;
return 0;
}
...生成以下编译器错误(使用g ++ 4.4.7):
>g++ main.cpp
main.cpp: In function ‘int main()’:
main.cpp:107: error: cannot allocate an object of abstract type ‘Streamer<Oyster>’
main.cpp:56: note: because the following virtual functions are pure within ‘Streamer<Oyster>’:
main.cpp:61: note: std::ostream Streamer<T>::Display() [with T = Oyster]
有人可以帮助我理解为什么编译器不接受OStreamer :: Display()的实现作为Streamer :: Display()的必需覆盖?
作为上下文:这是实验性的,人为的代码,让我熟悉将模板类与纯虚函数相结合。我想用这段代码完成的是为OStreamer对象实现一个调用OStreamer :: Display的otream运算符。我认识到ostream运算符可能需要一些调整,但我认为这不是正在发挥作用的问题。
答案 0 :(得分:2)
将操作员过载更改为:
template <typename T> std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os,
const Streamer<T> &streamer)
{
return os;
}
传递const Streamer<t>
参数需要制作基类的副本,当然这是不可能的,因为它是虚拟的。
传递引用可以避免此问题。