ArrayList不能正确保存对象(N Queens示例)

时间:2015-10-09 12:26:25

标签: java arraylist n-queens

我解决了N Queens问题,返回一个包含所有可能解决方案的ArrayList。

我知道算法本身是正确的,因为它打印出正确的解决方案。但是,当我遍历返回的ArrayList时,我没有看到正确的解决方案。我只看到空格子(即4行0)。

有人能告诉我为什么我在程序中打印正确答案但是他们没有正确地添加到ArrayList中吗?

这是我提供上下文的代码,但你应该注意在queens()中的第一个if语句,其中printGrid()打印出我(假设)添加到我的列表中的正确解决方案。但是,当我在main方法中遍历列表时,我得到0。

somedomain.com/www.google.com

这是输出:

public class Question {

    static int GRID_SIZE = 4;

    public static ArrayList<int[][]> queens(int[][] grid) {
        ArrayList<int[][]> list = new ArrayList<int[][]>();

        queens(grid, 0, list);

        return list;
    }

    public static void queens(int[][] grid, int row, ArrayList<int[][]> list) {

        // if you reached the end of the grid successfully
        if (row == GRID_SIZE) {

            //print grid - shows correct solution
            printGrid(grid);

            //adding correct solution to list?
            list.add(grid);

        }

        else {
            //iterate through columns
            for (int i = 0; i < GRID_SIZE; i++) {

                // check if the spot is free
                if (valid(grid, row, i)) {
                    // place queen
                    grid[row][i] = 1;

                    // move onto next row
                    queens(grid, row + 1, list);

                    //backtrack if placement of queen does not allow successful solution
                    grid[row][i] = 0;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    // need to check previous rows to see if it's safe to place queen
    public static boolean valid(int[][] grid, int row, int col) {

        // check columns of each previous row
        for (int i = 0; i < row; i++) {
            if (grid[i][col] == 1) {
                return false;
            }
        }

        // check left diagonal
        int rowNum = row;
        int colNum = col;
        while (rowNum >= 0 && colNum >= 0) {
            if (grid[rowNum--][colNum--] == 1) {
                return false;
            }
        }

        // check right diagonals
        rowNum = row;
        colNum = col;
        while (rowNum >= 0 && colNum < GRID_SIZE) {
            if (grid[rowNum--][colNum++] == 1) {
                return false;
            }
        }

        return true;
    }

    public static void printGrid(int[][] grid) {
        System.out.println("---------");
        for (int i = 0; i < grid.length; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < grid.length; j++) {
                System.out.print(grid[i][j] + " ");
            }
            System.out.println();
        }
        System.out.println("---------");
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int[][] grid = new int[GRID_SIZE][GRID_SIZE];

        for (int i = 0; i < grid.length; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < grid.length; j++) {
                grid[i][j] = 0;
            }
        }

        ArrayList<int[][]> list = queens(grid);

        System.out.println(list.size());

        printGrid(list.get(0));

    }
}

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

您只有一个数组实例,您不断变异并多次将其添加到List中。最后,List包含对处于最终状态的单个数组的引用。

而不是list.add(grid);您应该添加grid的副本(请注意Arrays.copyOf()System.arraycopy()在这里已经足够了,因为它们执行浅拷贝你的数组是2维的。

答案 1 :(得分:0)

伊兰是对的。更新了queens()

    // if you reached the end of the grid successfully
    if (row == GRID_SIZE) {

        //print grid - shows correct solution
        printGrid(grid);

        //creating copy of grid
        int[][] copyGrid = new int[GRID_SIZE][GRID_SIZE];
        for (int i =0; i < GRID_SIZE; i++) {
            copyGrid[i] = grid[i].clone();
        }

        list.add(copyGrid);

    }