我正在尝试编写一个函数,它在已经采用梯形形式的矩阵上执行反替代,但每次我尝试访问我的矩阵的索引时,我得到 - TypeError:'NoneType'对象不可订阅。我一直在用这个工作几个小时,但我真的很沮丧,虽然我可能忽略了一个明显的细节。这是我的代码:
def backsubstitution(B):
"""
return the reduced row echelon form matrix of B
"""
G = B.copy()
m, n = np.shape(G)
pivot = 0
# To start, let i = 0
i = 0
# If row i is all zeros, or if i exceeds the number of rows in A, stop
while(i != m):
# If row i has a nonzero pivot value, divide row i by its pivot value to
# create a 1 in the pivot position
# First, find the pivot position
pivPos = 0
while(G[i][pivPos] == 0.0):
pivPos += 1
if(pivPos == n-1 and G[i][pivPos] == 0.0):
return G
# Now divide row i by its pivot value if the pivot is not already 1
if(G[i][pivPos] != 1):
pivot = G[i][pivPos]
for k in range(n):
if(G[i][k] == 0.0):
G[i][k] == 0.0
else:
G[i][k] = (G[i][k] / pivot)
# Use row reduction operations to create zeros in all positions above the
# pivot
if(i != 0):
for l in range(i):
G = rowReduce(G, i, i-1, pivPos)
# Let i = i + 1
i += 1
return G
如果有人可以提供帮助,我将非常感激。
编辑:散列注释是我教授给出的后置替代算法的步骤。
第二次编辑:rowReduce是教授提供的功能
3rd Edit:这是rowReduce:
def relError(a, b):
"""
compute the relative error of a and b
"""
with warnings.catch_warnings():
warnings.simplefilter("error")
try:
return np.abs(a-b)/np.max(np.abs(np.array([a, b])))
except:
return 0.0
def rowReduce(A, i, j, pivot):
"""
reduce row j using row i with pivot pivot, in matrix A
operates on A in place
"""
factor = A[j][pivot] / A[i][pivot]
for k in range(len(A[j])):
# we allow an accumulation of error 100 times larger than a single computation
# this is crude but works for computations without a large dynamic range
if relError(A[j][k], factor * A[i][k]) < 100 * np.finfo('float').resolution:
A[j][k] = 0.0
else:
A[j][k] = A[j][k] - factor * A[i][k]
我在echelon形式的矩阵M上调用函数: backSub = backsubstitution(M)
答案 0 :(得分:3)
请注意,rowReduce
的文档字符串表示“在适当的位置”。这意味着它更改你传递的数组,而不是给你一个新的。如果没有明确记录,另一个重要指标是缺少任何return
语句。
这意味着这一行:
G = rowReduce(G, i, i-1, pivPos)
应该是:
rowReduce(G, i, i-1, pivPos)
由于rowReduce
没有返回新数组(或者确实显式return
),因此其返回值为None
。当您将结果重新分配回G
时,当您返回到循环顶部并尝试执行此操作时,它将为None
:
G[i][pivPos]
这将为您提供TypeError
。