.obj-Loader - 输出不太正确
我正在研究一个小型3D引擎，以了解更多OpenGL。我正在使用Scala和lwjgl完成任务。
加载“手工制作”（所有顶点，纹理坐标和索引 - 手工指定的数组）模型就像魅力一样，所以我想继续加载.obj文件。事实证明， 不容易，或者说，我在某种程度上误解了某些东西。
让我们看一下我的解析方法：
private def parseObj(path: String): Model =
{
val objSource: List[String] = Source.fromFile(path).getLines.toList
val positions: List[Vector4] = objSource.filter(_.startsWith("v ")).map(_.split(" ")).map(v => new Vector4(v(1).toFloat,v(2).toFloat,v(3).toFloat, 1.0f))
// val normals: List[Vector4] = objSource.filter(_.startsWith("vn ")).map(_.split(" ")).map(v => new Vector4(v(1)toFloat,v(2).toFloat, v(3).toFloat, 0.0f))
val textureCoordinates: List[Vector2] = objSource.filter(_.startsWith("vt ")).map(_.split(" ")).map(v => new Vector2(v(1).toDouble.toFloat,v(2).toDouble.toFloat))
val faces: List[(Int, Int, Int)] = objSource.filter(_.startsWith("f ")).map(_.split(" ")).flatten.filterNot(_ == "f").map(_.split("/")).map(a => ((a(0).toInt, a(1).toInt, a(2).toInt)))
val indices: List[Int] = faces.map(f => f._1-1) // Wrong?
/*
println(positions.map{p => s"v ${p.x} ${p.y} ${p.z}"}.mkString("\n"))
println(textureCoordinates.map {t => s"vt ${t.x} ${t.y}"}.mkString("\n"))
println(indices)
*/
//println(faces.length)
val vertices: List[Vertex] = for(face <- faces) yield(new Vertex(positions(face._1-1), textureCoordinates(face._2-1)))
println(vertices.mkString("\n"))
new Model(vertices.toArray, indices.toArray)
}
现在，我在做什么？ .obj文件如下所示：
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v 0.723607 -0.447220 0.525725
v -0.276388 -0.447220 0.850649
v -0.894426 -0.447216 0.000000
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v 0.276388 0.447220 0.850649
v -0.723607 0.447220 0.525725
v -0.723607 0.447220 -0.525725
v 0.276388 0.447220 -0.850649
v 0.894426 0.447216 0.000000
v 0.000000 1.000000 0.000000
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v 0.262869 -0.525738 0.809012
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v -0.525730 -0.850652 0.000000
v -0.688189 -0.525736 0.499997
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v -0.688189 -0.525736 -0.499997
v 0.262869 -0.525738 -0.809012
v 0.951058 0.000000 0.309013
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v 0.000000 0.000000 1.000000
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v 0.525730 0.850652 0.000000
v -0.425323 0.850654 0.309011
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v 0.162456 0.850654 -0.499995
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usemtl Material.001
s off
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f 2/4/2 14/5/2 16/6/2
f 1/1/3 13/3/3 18/7/3
f 1/1/4 18/7/4 20/8/4
f 1/1/5 20/8/5 17/9/5
f 2/4/6 16/6/6 23/10/6
f 3/11/7 15/12/7 25/13/7
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f 6/20/10 22/21/10 31/22/10
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f 3/11/12 25/13/12 28/24/12
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f 5/17/14 29/19/14 32/26/14
f 6/27/15 31/28/15 24/29/15
f 7/30/16 33/31/16 38/32/16
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f 39/45/21 42/46/21 12/47/21
f 39/45/22 37/48/22 42/46/22
f 37/48/23 10/49/23 42/46/23
f 42/46/24 41/50/24 12/47/24
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f 36/51/26 9/52/26 41/50/26
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vn 0.982200 -0.187600 0.000000
vn 0.905000 -0.330400 -0.268000
vn 0.471300 -0.661700 -0.583100
vn 0.187600 -0.794700 -0.577300
vn -0.038500 -0.661700 -0.748800
vn -0.408900 -0.661700 -0.628400
vn -0.491100 -0.794700 -0.356800
vn -0.724000 -0.661700 -0.194700
vn -0.724000 -0.661700 0.194700
vn -0.491100 -0.794700 0.356800
vn -0.408900 -0.661700 0.628400
vn 0.700200 -0.661700 -0.268000
vn 0.607100 -0.794700 0.000000
vn 0.331300 -0.943500 0.000000
vn -0.038500 -0.661700 0.748800
vn 0.187600 -0.794700 0.577300
vn 0.471300 -0.661700 0.583100
usemtl Material.001
s off
f 1/1/1 14/2/1 13/3/1
f 2/4/2 14/5/2 16/6/2
f 1/1/3 13/3/3 18/7/3
f 1/1/4 18/7/4 20/8/4
f 1/1/5 20/8/5 17/9/5
f 2/4/6 16/6/6 23/10/6
f 3/11/7 15/12/7 25/13/7
f 4/14/8 19/15/8 27/16/8
f 5/17/9 21/18/9 29/19/9
f 6/20/10 22/21/10 31/22/10
f 2/4/11 23/10/11 26/23/11
f 3/11/12 25/13/12 28/24/12
f 4/14/13 27/16/13 30/25/13
f 5/17/14 29/19/14 32/26/14
f 6/27/15 31/28/15 24/29/15
f 7/30/16 33/31/16 38/32/16
f 8/33/17 34/34/17 40/35/17
f 9/36/18 35/37/18 41/38/18
f 10/39/19 36/40/19 42/41/19
f 11/42/20 37/43/20 39/44/20
f 39/45/21 42/46/21 12/47/21
f 39/45/22 37/48/22 42/46/22
f 37/48/23 10/49/23 42/46/23
f 42/46/24 41/50/24 12/47/24
f 42/46/25 36/51/25 41/50/25
f 36/51/26 9/52/26 41/50/26
f 41/50/27 40/35/27 12/47/27
f 41/50/28 35/53/28 40/35/28
f 35/37/29 8/54/29 40/55/29
f 40/35/30 38/32/30 12/47/30
f 40/35/31 34/34/31 38/32/31
f 34/56/32 7/57/32 38/58/32
f 38/32/33 39/45/33 12/47/33
f 38/32/34 33/31/34 39/45/34
f 33/59/35 11/42/35 39/44/35
f 24/29/36 37/43/36 11/42/36
f 24/29/37 31/28/37 37/43/37
f 31/22/38 10/39/38 37/60/38
f 32/26/39 36/40/39 10/39/39
f 32/26/40 29/19/40 36/40/40
f 29/19/41 9/61/41 36/40/41
f 30/25/42 35/37/42 9/36/42
f 30/25/43 27/16/43 35/37/43
f 27/16/44 8/54/44 35/37/44
f 28/24/45 34/56/45 8/62/45
f 28/24/46 25/13/46 34/56/46
f 25/13/47 7/57/47 34/56/47
f 26/63/48 33/64/48 7/57/48
f 26/23/49 23/10/49 33/59/49
f 23/10/50 11/42/50 33/59/50
f 31/22/51 32/26/51 10/39/51
f 31/22/52 22/21/52 32/26/52
f 22/21/53 5/17/53 32/26/53
f 29/65/54 30/25/54 9/36/54
f 29/65/55 21/66/55 30/25/55
f 21/66/56 4/14/56 30/25/56
f 27/16/57 28/67/57 8/54/57
f 27/16/58 19/15/58 28/67/58
f 19/68/59 3/11/59 28/24/59
f 25/13/60 26/63/60 7/57/60
f 25/13/61 15/12/61 26/63/61
f 15/12/62 2/69/62 26/63/62
f 23/10/63 24/29/63 11/42/63
f 23/10/64 16/6/64 24/29/64
f 16/6/65 6/27/65 24/29/65
f 17/9/66 22/70/66 6/71/66
f 17/9/67 20/8/67 22/70/67
f 20/72/68 5/17/68 22/21/68
f 20/8/69 21/73/69 5/74/69
f 20/8/70 18/7/70 21/73/70
f 18/75/71 4/14/71 21/66/71
f 18/75/72 19/15/72 4/14/72
f 18/7/73 13/3/73 19/76/73
f 13/3/74 3/77/74 19/76/74
f 16/6/75 17/78/75 6/27/75
f 16/79/76 14/2/76 17/9/76
f 14/2/77 1/1/77 17/9/77
f 13/80/78 15/12/78 3/11/78
f 13/3/79 14/2/79 15/81/79
f 14/2/80 2/82/80 15/81/80
以 v 开头的每一行定义3D空间中的顶点位置。 所以我正在阅读所有这些并创建新的Vector4以获得齐次坐标。
我现在忽略 vn ，这些都是法线。
对于 vt - 指定纹理坐标 - 我的位置与位置相同。
现在 f 正在排除真正有趣的线条。这些是面，三角形定义为三角形（顶点/纹理坐标/法线）。每个都定义了哪个位置索引和纹理坐标一起映射。
因此，例如在f 1/1/1 14/2/1 13/3/1 1/1/1中意味着位置（1）具有纹理坐标（1）（并且第一个三元组中的最后一个将代表法线中的法线（1） ））
14/2/1意味着位置（14）和texturecoordinates（2）映射在一起。
整条线将连接这3个顶点，就像(1,14,13)会形成一个三角形。
在此之前，我是否正确理解这一点？
val faces: List[(Int, Int, Int)] = objSource.filter(_.startsWith("f ")).map(_.split(" ")).flatten.filterNot(_ == "f").map(_.split("/")).map(a => ((a(0).toInt, a(1).toInt, a(2).toInt)))
会给我一份这些三元组的清单。对于每个条目，我将创建一个顶点：
val vertices: List[Vertex] = for(face <- faces) yield(new Vertex(positions(face._1-1), textureCoordinates(face._2-1)))
Vertex的定义如下：
case class Vertex(position: Vector4,/* normal: Vector4,*/ textureCoordinates: Vector2)
我需要在每张脸上做“-1”以避免逐个和IndexOutOfBoundsExceptions，因为List的索引从0开始，而索引从1开始。
最后一个是索引：在OpenGL中，您可以使用ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER来指定连接哪些顶点并保存（可能很多）数据。
正如我之前所说，每个面f 1/1/1 14/2/1 13/3/1都是这样构建的v1/t1/n1 v2/t2/n2 v3/t3/n3（对于每一行）所以我只需要提取v1,v2,v3，将其打包成一个长列表并让它OpenGL完成剩下的工作。
v1/v2/v3/v4/v5/v6/.../vn将成为我的指数
我是对的还是在此之前有问题？
最后但并非最不重要的是我会创建一个新模型：
class Model(vertices: Array[Vertex], indices: Array[Int]/*, textures: Array[Texture]*/)
{
// Create VAO, VBO and a buffer for the indices
val vao: Int = glGenVertexArrays
val vbo: Int = glGenBuffers
val ibo: Int = glGenBuffers
setup
private def setup(): Unit =
{
val interleavedBuffer: FloatBuffer = prepareVertexBuffer(vertices)
val indicesBuffer: IntBuffer = prepareIntBuffer(indices)
// One VAO to bind them all!
glBindVertexArray(vao)
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo)
glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, ibo)
// Fill buffers with data
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, interleavedBuffer, GL_STATIC_DRAW)
glBufferData(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, indicesBuffer, GL_STATIC_DRAW)
// Set vertex attribute pointers
glVertexAttribPointer(0, 4, GL_FLOAT, false, 4*6, 0) // 0 = Position = Vector4(x,y,z,w)
glVertexAttribPointer(1, 2, GL_FLOAT, false, 4*6, 4*4) // 1 = Texture Coordinates = Vector2(x,y) -> 2 (coordinates) * 4 (byte-size of float) => stride = 4 (position) + 2 (texture coordinates) = 6 * 4 (byte-size of float); offset = 4 (position) * 4 (byte-size of float)
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0)
glBindVertexArray(0)
}
private def prepareIntBuffer(data: Array[Int]): IntBuffer =
{
val buffer: IntBuffer = BufferUtils.createIntBuffer(data.length)
buffer.put(data)
buffer.flip // Make the buffer readable
buffer
}
private def prepareVertexBuffer(vertices: Array[Vertex]): FloatBuffer =
{
val positions: Array[Float] = vertices.map(v => v.position).map(_.toArray).flatten
val textureCoordinates: Array[Float] = vertices.map(v => v.textureCoordinates).map(_.toArray).flatten
// TODO remove hardcoded sizes for grouping
val zipped: Array[Float] = (positions.grouped(4) zip textureCoordinates.grouped(2)).toArray.flatMap {case (x,y) => x ++ y}
val buffer: FloatBuffer = BufferUtils.createFloatBuffer(zipped.size)
buffer.put(zipped)
buffer.flip
buffer
}
问题是，输出如下：
实际上它应该是来自Blender的Ico-Sphere。 因此，对我的实现或对.obj文件格式的理解，确实有些不对。
我认为它与指数有关，但不知道。我已经调试了很多，手动将不同的列表与实际的.obj文件进行比较，但无济于事。一切看起来都不错，所以我认为这是我的理解。
编辑：我还不确定究竟我误解了什么，而不是通过面孔来创建一个顶点列表（我自己的类）我给模型所有的位置和纹理坐标和vo，网格外观看起来正确（除了错误的纹理）。
所以我做了什么：
class Model(positions: Array[Vector3], texcoords: Array[Vector2], indices: Array[Int])
private def prepareVertexBuffer(positions: Array[Vector3], texcoords: Array[Vector2]): FloatBuffer =
{
val pos: Array[Float] = positions.map(_.toArray).flatten
val textureCoordinates: Array[Float] = texcoords.map(_.toArray).flatten
// TODO remove hardcoded sizes for grouping
val zipped: Array[Float] = (pos.grouped(3) zip textureCoordinates.grouped(2)).toArray.flatMap {case (x,y) => x ++ y}
println(zipped.toList.grouped(5).mkString("\n"))
val buffer: FloatBuffer = BufferUtils.createFloatBuffer(zipped.size)
buffer.put(zipped)
buffer.flip
buffer
}
（注意：我现在也已切换回Vector3而不是Vector4。认为可能存在问题）
val indices: List[Int] = faces.map(f => f._1-1) // Wrong?
new Model(vertices.toArray, indices.toArray)
其余的都是一样的。所以我想我的纹理问题是由此造成的。
我现在只有42个顶点而不是240个（来自面部），所以我失去了很多组合。
目前的结果：
修改
问题归结为.obj和opengl之间的区别。 OpenGL可能只使用一个索引缓冲区，而在.obj中，每个属性都有一个。
所以我需要以适当的方式手动合并它们。我已经为此找到了C ++函数，虽然我对C ++了解得很多，但我不确定为什么它不能用Scala工作。
我根本找不到任何重复...
0 个答案:
没有答案
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