如何在Python中打开Excel文件?

时间:2010-07-13 16:26:10

标签: python excel

如何打开Excel文件以便在Python中阅读?

我已经使用阅读命令打开了文本文件,例如sometextfile.txt。我如何为Excel文件执行此操作?

8 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:79)

编辑:
在较新版本的pandas中,您可以将工作表名称作为参数传递。

file_name =  # path to file + file name
sheet =  # sheet name or sheet number or list of sheet numbers and names

import pandas as pd
df = pd.read_excel(io=file_name, sheet_name=sheet)
print(df.head(5))  # print first 5 rows of the dataframe

查看文档,了解有关如何传递sheet_namehttps://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/stable/generated/pandas.read_excel.html

的示例

旧版本:
您也可以使用pandas package ....

使用包含多个工作表的Excel文件时,可以使用:

import pandas as pd
xl = pd.ExcelFile(path + filename)
xl.sheet_names

>>> [u'Sheet1', u'Sheet2', u'Sheet3']

df = xl.parse("Sheet1")
df.head()

df.head()将打印Excel文件的前5行

如果您使用单张工作表处理Excel文件,则只需使用:

import pandas as pd
df = pd.read_excel(path + filename)
print df.head()

答案 1 :(得分:31)

尝试the xlrd library

[编辑] - 从我的评论中可以看到,类似下面的代码段可能会有所帮助。我在这里假设您只是在一列中搜索“john”这个词,但您可以添加更多内容或将其转换为更通用的功能。

from xlrd import open_workbook

book = open_workbook('simple.xls',on_demand=True)
for name in book.sheet_names():
    if name.endswith('2'):
        sheet = book.sheet_by_name(name)

        # Attempt to find a matching row (search the first column for 'john')
        rowIndex = -1
        for cell in sheet.col(0): # 
            if 'john' in cell.value:
                break

        # If we found the row, print it
        if row != -1:
            cells = sheet.row(row)
            for cell in cells:
                print cell.value

        book.unload_sheet(name) 

答案 2 :(得分:16)

这不像打开纯文本文件那么简单,并且需要某种外部模块,因为没有内置任何内容来执行此操作。以下是一些选项:

http://www.python-excel.org/

如果可能,您可能需要考虑将Excel电子表格导出为CSV文件,然后使用内置的python csv模块进行读取:

http://docs.python.org/library/csv.html

答案 3 :(得分:6)

openpxyl包裹:

>>> from openpyxl import load_workbook
>>> wb2 = load_workbook('test.xlsx')
>>> print wb2.get_sheet_names()
['Sheet2', 'New Title', 'Sheet1']

>>> worksheet1 = wb2['Sheet1'] # one way to load a worksheet
>>> worksheet2 = wb2.get_sheet_by_name('Sheet2') # another way to load a worksheet
>>> print(worksheet1['D18'].value)
3
>>> for row in worksheet1.iter_rows():
>>>     print row[0].value()

答案 4 :(得分:1)

您可以使用仅需要xlrd的xlpython包。 在此处找到https://pypi.python.org/pypi/xlpython 及其文档https://github.com/morfat/xlpython

答案 5 :(得分:1)

这可能有所帮助:

这将创建一个采用2D List(列表项列表)的节点,并将它们推送到Excel电子表格中。确保IN [] s存在或将抛出异常。

这是对excel 2013的Revit excel dynamo节点的重写,因为默认的预打包节点不断破坏。我也有一个类似的读节点。 Python中的excel语法很敏感。

thnx @CodingNinja - 更新:)

###Export Excel - intended to replace malfunctioning excel node

import clr

clr.AddReferenceByName('Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel, Version=15.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=71e9bce111e9429c')
##AddReferenceGUID("{00020813-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}") ''Excel                            C:\Program Files\Microsoft Office\Office15\EXCEL.EXE 
##Need to Verify interop for version 2015 is 15 and node attachemnt for it.
from Microsoft.Office.Interop import  * ##Excel
################################Initialize FP and Sheet ID
##Same functionality as the excel node
strFileName = IN[0]             ##Filename
sheetName = IN[1]               ##Sheet
RowOffset= IN[2]                ##RowOffset
ColOffset= IN[3]                ##COL OFfset
Data=IN[4]                      ##Data
Overwrite=IN[5]                 ##Check for auto-overwtite
XLVisible = False   #IN[6]      ##XL Visible for operation or not?

RowOffset=0
if IN[2]>0:
    RowOffset=IN[2]             ##RowOffset

ColOffset=0
if IN[3]>0:
    ColOffset=IN[3]             ##COL OFfset

if IN[6]<>False:
    XLVisible = True #IN[6]     ##XL Visible for operation or not?

################################Initialize FP and Sheet ID
xlCellTypeLastCell = 11                 #####define special sells value constant
################################
xls = Excel.ApplicationClass()          ####Connect with application
xls.Visible = XLVisible                 ##VISIBLE YES/NO
xls.DisplayAlerts = False               ### ALerts

import os.path

if os.path.isfile(strFileName):
    wb = xls.Workbooks.Open(strFileName, False)     ####Open the file 
else:
    wb = xls.Workbooks.add#         ####Open the file 
    wb.SaveAs(strFileName)
wb.application.visible = XLVisible      ####Show Excel
try:
    ws = wb.Worksheets(sheetName)       ####Get the sheet in the WB base

except:
    ws = wb.sheets.add()                ####If it doesn't exist- add it. use () for object method
    ws.Name = sheetName



#################################
#lastRow for iterating rows
lastRow=ws.UsedRange.SpecialCells(xlCellTypeLastCell).Row
#lastCol for iterating columns
lastCol=ws.UsedRange.SpecialCells(xlCellTypeLastCell).Column
#######################################################################
out=[]                                  ###MESSAGE GATHERING

c=0
r=0
val=""
if Overwrite == False :                 ####Look ahead for non-empty cells to throw error
    for r, row in enumerate(Data):   ####BASE 0## EACH ROW OF DATA ENUMERATED in the 2D array #range( RowOffset, lastRow + RowOffset):
        for c, col in enumerate (row): ####BASE 0## Each colmn in each row is a cell with data ### in range(ColOffset, lastCol + ColOffset):
            if col.Value2 >"" :
                OUT= "ERROR- Cannot overwrite"
                raise ValueError("ERROR- Cannot overwrite")
##out.append(Data[0]) ##append mesage for error
############################################################################

for r, row in enumerate(Data):   ####BASE 0## EACH ROW OF DATA ENUMERATED in the 2D array #range( RowOffset, lastRow + RowOffset):
    for c, col in enumerate (row): ####BASE 0## Each colmn in each row is a cell with data ### in range(ColOffset, lastCol + ColOffset):
        ws.Cells[r+1+RowOffset,c+1+ColOffset].Value2 = col.__str__()

##run macro disbled for debugging excel macro
##xls.Application.Run("Align_data_and_Highlight_Issues")

答案 6 :(得分:-1)

这段代码适用于Python 3.5.2。它打开,保存和卓越。我目前正在研究如何将数据保存到文件中,但这是代码:

import csv
excel = csv.writer(open("file1.csv", "wb"))

答案 7 :(得分:-2)

import pandas as pd 
import os 
files = os.listdir('path/to/files/directory/')
desiredFile = files[i]
filePath = 'path/to/files/directory/%s'
Ofile = filePath % desiredFile
xls_import = pd.read_csv(Ofile)

现在你可以使用pandas DataFrames的强大功能了!