Question

自Windows 10起，IApplicationAssociationRegistrationUI::LaunchAdvancedAssociationUI method不再有效。

在Windows Vista，7和8上，它会打开指定应用程序的设置程序关联页面上的控制面板。

在Windows 10上，它什么都不做。

它甚至记录在MSDN中：

从Windows 10开始，这不会启动关联对话框。它会向用户显示一个对话框，通知他们可以在设置
中更改用于打开文件扩展名的默认程序

（即使在当前版本的Windows 10中，语句的第二部分也不再适用）

实际上，在Windows 10的最新版本中，控制面板不再存在。其功能已移至 Apps＆gt;下的“设置”应用。默认应用＆gt;按app设置默认值＆gt; [应用名称] 。

有没有办法以编程方式在Windows 10设置应用中为我的应用程序打开按应用程序设置默认值屏幕？

或者是否有另一种方法建议应用程序允许其用户在Windows 10中自定义关联？

Answer 1

不再允许更改系统默认应用。以下是Windows Insider blog上的公告：

Windows 10处理默认应用程序的方式的变化：“默认应用程序”是指Windows将文件类型和协议（如HTTP）映射到默认打开的Windows应用程序的方式。例如，您最喜欢的照片编辑器可能被设置为.JPG文件的默认应用程序，这意味着当您在文件资源管理器中双击.JPG文件时，它将在该照片编辑器中打开。在Windows 8.1中，经典Windows应用程序（Win32）可以调用提示，要求您更改默认值，因此在安装期间和启动后可能会看到多个提示。但是，Windows应用商店应用无法调用此提示。相反，安装应用程序后会出现一条通知横幅，告诉您新应用程序可用，您可以单击此横幅更改默认值。

我们知道您的默认值对您很重要。在Windows 10中，所有应用程序（包括经典Windows应用程序和通用Windows应用程序）都无法调用更改默认设置的提示，仅限Windows。您可以完全控制默认体验，同时减少多个提示可能带来的一些不必要的噪音。

即使有某种方式启动设置应用程序，您也无法执行更多操作。

Answer 2

要打开设置默认程序页面：

%windir%\system32\control.exe /name Microsoft.DefaultPrograms /page pageDefaultProgram

参考：https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ee330741.aspx

注意：此方法不适用于2018年4月更新。

要打开按文件类型选择默认应用页面：

Activator->ActivateApplication(
    L"windows.immersivecontrolpanel_cw5n1h2txyewy"
    L"!microsoft.windows.immersivecontrolpanel",
    L"page=SettingsPageAppsDefaults"
    L"&target=SettingsPageAppsDefaultsFileExtensionView", AO_NONE, &pid);

版本1709或更高版本

要打开按应用设置默认值页面：

Activator->ActivateApplication(
    L"windows.immersivecontrolpanel_cw5n1h2txyewy"
    L"!microsoft.windows.immersivecontrolpanel",
    L"page=SettingsPageAppsDefaults"
    L"&target=SettingsPageAppsDefaultsDefaultAppsListView", AO_NONE, &pid);

Answer 3

打开控制面板中的主默认程序窗口：

%windir%\system32\control.exe /name Microsoft.DefaultPrograms
打开设置默认程序页面：

%windir%\system32\control.exe /name Microsoft.DefaultPrograms /page pageDefaultProgram
打开设置程序的关联页面：

%windir%\system32\control.exe /name Microsoft.DefaultPrograms /page pageDefaultProgram\pageAdvancedSettings?pszAppName=YourAppRegName

YourAppRegName 是 HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE （或 HKEY_CURRENT_USER >您注册的应用程序的名称） \ SOFTWARE \ RegisteredApplications 必须在使用前进行转义（使用UrlEscape，Luke！）。例如：

%windir%\system32\control.exe /name Microsoft.DefaultPrograms /page pageDefaultProgram\pageAdvancedSettings?pszAppName=Internet%20Explorer
打开将文件类型或协议与程序相关联页面：

%windir%\system32\control.exe /name Microsoft.DefaultPrograms /page pageFileAssoc
打开更改自动播放设置页面：

%windir%\system32\control.exe /name Microsoft.AutoPlay
打开设置程序访问和计算机默认值页面：

%windir%\system32\ComputerDefaults.exe

P.S。您也可以使用IOpenControlPanel::Open方法打开控制面板项目/页面：

IOpenControlPanel * OpenControlPanel;

HRESULT Result =
  CoCreateInstance(CLSID_OpenControlPanel,
    NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC, __uuidof(IOpenControlPanel), (void**)&OpenControlPanel);
if (SUCCEEDED(Result))
{
  const wchar_t * Page = L"pageDefaultProgram\\pageAdvancedSettings?pszAppName=YourAppRegName";
  OpenControlPanel->Open(L"Microsoft.DefaultPrograms", Page, NULL);
  OpenControlPanel->Release();
}

Answer 4

Set WshShell = WScript.CreateObject("WScript.Shell")
WshShell.Run "%windir%\system32\control.exe /name Microsoft.DefaultPrograms /page pageDefaultProgram\pageAdvancedSettings?pszAppName=Internet%20Explorer"
' Give Default Programs time to load
WScript.Sleep 1200
' WshShell.AppActivate "Set Program Associations to IE then end for Windows 10 enjoy! ~ The Dogs Trust Rich ~"
WshShell.SendKeys "{TAB}"
WshShell.SendKeys " "
WshShell.SendKeys "{TAB}"
WshShell.SendKeys "{TAB}"
WshShell.SendKeys " "
msgbox "Internet Explorer is now your default browser"
WScript.Quit

Answer 5

我设法用UI Automation做到了。这不是理想的解决方案，但似乎可行。这是带有内联注释的代码：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include <atlbase.h>
#include <atlcom.h>
#include <UIAutomationCore.h>
#include <UIAutomationClient.h>

// the main function
HRESULT OpenSetDefaultsByApp(LPCWSTR appName);

// helpers
HRESULT FindFirstChild(IUIAutomation *automation, IUIAutomationElement *element, PROPERTYID pid, VARIANT value, IUIAutomationElement **child);
HRESULT FindFirstChildInList(IUIAutomation *automation, IUIAutomationElement *list, PROPERTYID pid, VARIANT value, IUIAutomationElement **child);
HRESULT OpenSetDefaultsByApp();

// some useful macros for error handling
// uses wprintf so you might want to change it, if running in a non-console context
#define WIDEN2(x) L ## x
#define WIDEN(x) WIDEN2(x)
#define __WFILE__ WIDEN(__FILE__)
#define HRCHECK(__expr) {hr=(__expr);if(FAILED(hr)){wprintf(L"FAILURE 0x%08X (%i)\n\tline: %u file: '%s'\n\texpr: '" WIDEN(#__expr) L"'\n",hr, hr, __LINE__,__WFILE__);goto cleanup;}}

int main()
{
  CoInitialize(NULL);
  OpenSetDefaultsByApp(L"Google Chrome"); // pass the app name as it's displayed in app settings
  CoUninitialize();
}

HRESULT OpenSetDefaultsByApp(LPCWSTR appName)
{
  HRESULT hr = S_OK;
  CComBSTR name = appName;
  CComPtr<IUIAutomation> automation;
  CComPtr<IUIAutomationElement> root;
  CComPtr<IUIAutomationElement> settingsWindow;
  CComPtr<IUIAutomationElement> coreWindow;
  CComPtr<IUIAutomationElement> content;
  CComPtr<IUIAutomationElement> list;
  CComPtr<IUIAutomationElement> scrollViewer;
  CComPtr<IUIAutomationElement> appNameListItem;
  CComPtr<IUIAutomationElement> manageButton;
  CComPtr<IUIAutomationSelectionItemPattern> selection;
  CComPtr<IUIAutomationInvokePattern> invoke;

  // because setting windows and content are completely refreshed, we need two rounds
  // one to open the list of apps
  HRCHECK(OpenSetDefaultsByApp());

  // another one to select the app that starts now...
  // create UIA COM server and get root
  HRCHECK(automation.CoCreateInstance(CLSID_CUIAutomation8));
  HRCHECK(automation->GetRootElement(&root));

  // get hierarchy one by one. This is so it doesn't take too much time
  HRCHECK(FindFirstChild(automation, root, UIA_ClassNamePropertyId, CComVariant("ApplicationFrameWindow"), &settingsWindow));
  HRCHECK(FindFirstChild(automation, settingsWindow, UIA_ClassNamePropertyId, CComVariant("Windows.UI.Core.CoreWindow"), &coreWindow));
  HRCHECK(FindFirstChild(automation, coreWindow, UIA_AutomationIdPropertyId, CComVariant("pageContent"), &content));
  HRCHECK(FindFirstChild(automation, content, UIA_AutomationIdPropertyId, CComVariant("ItemsControlScrollViewer"), &scrollViewer));

  // now the list of app should be shown, get it
  HRCHECK(FindFirstChild(automation, scrollViewer, UIA_AutomationIdPropertyId, CComVariant("SystemSettings_DefaultApps_DefaultAppsList_ListView"), &list));

  // find the item by it's name
  // the list is virtualized so we use a helper method
  // note for some reason, the name is the name plus a space... 
  name.Append(" ");
  HRCHECK(FindFirstChildInList(automation, list, UIA_NamePropertyId, CComVariant(name), &appNameListItem));

  // we got the app item, select it so the 'Manage' button can appear
  HRCHECK(appNameListItem->GetCurrentPatternAs(UIA_SelectionItemPatternId, IID_PPV_ARGS(&selection)));
  if (!selection) HRCHECK(E_FAIL);
  HRCHECK(selection->Select());

  // get the 'Manage' button
  HRCHECK(FindFirstChild(automation, scrollViewer, UIA_ClassNamePropertyId, CComVariant("Button"), &manageButton));

  // press the 'Manage' button
  HRCHECK(manageButton->GetCurrentPatternAs(UIA_InvokePatternId, IID_PPV_ARGS(&invoke)));
  if (!invoke) HRCHECK(E_FAIL);
  HRCHECK(invoke->Invoke());

cleanup:
  return hr;
}

HRESULT OpenSetDefaultsByApp()
{
  HRESULT hr = S_OK;
  CComPtr<IUIAutomation> automation;
  CComPtr<IUIAutomationElement> root;
  CComPtr<IUIAutomationElement> settingsWindow;
  CComPtr<IUIAutomationElement> coreWindow;
  CComPtr<IUIAutomationElement> content;
  CComPtr<IUIAutomationElement> setDefaultsByAppLink;
  CComPtr<IUIAutomationInvokePattern> invoke;

  // create UIA COM server and get root
  HRCHECK(automation.CoCreateInstance(CLSID_CUIAutomation8));
  HRCHECK(automation->GetRootElement(&root));

  // show up to the deepest we can
  WinExec("control.exe /name Microsoft.DefaultPrograms /page pageDefaultProgram", SW_NORMAL);

  // find the 'Set defaults by app' link (button).
  HRCHECK(FindFirstChild(automation, root, UIA_ClassNamePropertyId, CComVariant("ApplicationFrameWindow"), &settingsWindow));
  HRCHECK(FindFirstChild(automation, settingsWindow, UIA_ClassNamePropertyId, CComVariant("Windows.UI.Core.CoreWindow"), &coreWindow));
  HRCHECK(FindFirstChild(automation, coreWindow, UIA_AutomationIdPropertyId, CComVariant("pageContent"), &content));
  HRCHECK(FindFirstChild(automation, content, UIA_AutomationIdPropertyId, CComVariant("SettingsPageAppsDefaultsDefaultAppsListView_HyperlinkButton"), &setDefaultsByAppLink));

  // yes, so press this button
  HRCHECK(setDefaultsByAppLink->GetCurrentPatternAs(UIA_InvokePatternId, IID_PPV_ARGS(&invoke)));
  if (!invoke) HRCHECK(E_FAIL);
  HRCHECK(invoke->Invoke());

cleanup:
  return hr;
}

// this method has retries with timeouts included, so it's much better than a raw call to FindFirst
HRESULT FindFirstChild(IUIAutomation *automation, IUIAutomationElement *element, PROPERTYID pid, VARIANT value, IUIAutomationElement **child)
{
  HRESULT hr = S_OK;
  int timeout = 5000; // max timeout is defined here as 5 sec. This should be ok for most machines
  int slice = 100; // time between too retries, defined as 100 ms.
  int time = 0;
  CComPtr<IUIAutomationCondition> condition;
  HRCHECK(automation->CreatePropertyCondition(pid, value, &condition));

  do
  {
    // I used SubTree here, this may not be appropriate in all context
    // for performance issues. In fact, this could be passed as a parameter...
    hr = element->FindFirst(TreeScope_Subtree, condition, child);
    if (*child) break;
    time += slice;
    if (time >= timeout) HRCHECK(E_FAIL);
    Sleep(slice);
  } while (TRUE);

cleanup:
  return hr;
}

// this helper supports virtualized list
HRESULT FindFirstChildInList(IUIAutomation *automation, IUIAutomationElement *list, PROPERTYID pid, VARIANT value, IUIAutomationElement **child)
{
  HRESULT hr = S_OK;
  CComBSTR lastName;
  int lastNameCount = 0;
  CComPtr<IUIAutomationCondition> trueCondition;
  HRCHECK(automation->CreateTrueCondition(&trueCondition));

  do
  {
    // get all children
    CComPtr<IUIAutomationElementArray> all;
    HRCHECK(list->FindAll(TreeScope_Children, trueCondition, &all));

    int count;
    HRCHECK(all->get_Length(&count));
    if (count == 0) continue; // there shouldn't be zero element, so go on scanning

    for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
    {
      // test each element for the searched property
      CComPtr<IUIAutomationElement> element;
      HRCHECK(all->GetElement(i, &element));

      CComVariant v;
      HRCHECK(element->GetCurrentPropertyValue(pid, &v));
      if (VarCmp(&v, &value, 0) == 1)
      {
        HRCHECK(element.QueryInterface(child));
        goto cleanup;
      }
    }

    // not found in the current page/set, go to last element and scroll it into view to force list to load the next
    CComPtr<IUIAutomationElement> last;
    CComPtr<IUIAutomationScrollItemPattern> pattern;
    HRCHECK(all->GetElement(count - 1, &last));

    // check if we didn't progress (same name for 20 rounds)
    CComBSTR name;
    HRCHECK(last->get_CurrentName(&name));
    if (name == lastName)
    {
      lastNameCount++;
      if (lastNameCount > 20) HRCHECK(E_FAIL); // not found!
    }
    else
    {
      lastNameCount = 0;
    }
    lastName = name;

    HRCHECK(last->GetCurrentPatternAs(UIA_ScrollItemPatternId, IID_PPV_ARGS(&pattern)));
    if (!pattern) HRCHECK(E_FAIL);
    HRCHECK(pattern->ScrollIntoView());
  } while (TRUE);

cleanup:
  return hr;
}

Windows 10相当于LaunchAdvancedAssociationUI

5 个答案: