此代码取自cplusplus.com。它在教程中用于解释指针,我很难理解。
当他们写p1 = 20时;在代码的末尾,不会改变第一个值的内存地址以及第二个值吗?因为他们之前已经在代码中创建了p1 = p2。
如果有人采用不同的方式解释它,不同于他们对网站或其他教程的评论吗?
谢谢!
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main ()
{
int firstvalue = 5, secondvalue = 15;
int * p1, * p2;
p1 = &firstvalue; // p1 = address of firstvalue
p2 = &secondvalue; // p2 = address of secondvalue
*p1 = 10; // value pointed to by p1 = 10
*p2 = *p1; // value pointed to by p2 = value pointed to by p1
p1 = p2; // p1 = p2 (value of pointer is copied)
*p1 = 20; // value pointed to by p1 = 20
cout << "firstvalue is " << firstvalue << '\n';
cout << "secondvalue is " << secondvalue << '\n';
}
取自&#34; http://www.cplusplus.com/doc/tutorial/pointers/&#34;
答案 0 :(得分:5)
图表可能更容易解释这一点。
int firstvalue = 5, secondvalue = 15;
这意味着在内存中的某个位置创建了两个int
个对象:
+------------+ +-------------+
| 5 | | 15 |
+------------+ +-------------+
int * p1, * p2; p1 = &firstvalue; // p1 = address of firstvalue p2 = &secondvalue; // p2 = address of secondvalue
这意味着创建了两个指针对象。它们的值是这样的,它们指向两个int
对象:
+------------+ +-------------+
| 5 | | 15 |
+------------+ +-------------+
^ ^
| |
+----+ +----+
| p1 | | p2 |
+----+ +----+
*p1 = 10; // value pointed to by p1 = 10
这意味着修改了p1
指向的对象,即第一个int
对象:
+------------+ +-------------+
| 10 | | 15 |
+------------+ +-------------+
^ ^
| |
+----+ +----+
| p1 | | p2 |
+----+ +----+
*p2 = *p1; // value pointed to by p2 = value pointed to by p1
int
指向的p2
对象应设置为与p1
指向的对象相同的值:
+------------+ +-------------+
| 10 | | 10 |
+------------+ +-------------+
^ ^
| |
+----+ +----+
| p1 | | p2 |
+----+ +----+
p1 = p2; // p1 = p2 (value of pointer is copied)
在此行之后,没有任何内容指向第一个int
对象了。 p1
指向与p2
相同的对象:
+------------+ +-------------+
| 10 | +-> | 10 |
+------------+ | +-------------+
| ^
| |
+----+ | +----+
| p1 |------+ | p2 |
+----+ +----+
*p1 = 20; // value pointed to by p1 = 20
p1
指向的对象(恰好与p2
指向的对象)设置为20:
+------------+ +-------------+
| 10 | +-> | 20 |
+------------+ | +-------------+
| ^
| |
+----+ | +----+
| p1 |------+ | p2 |
+----+ +----+
我们走了。第一个int
是10,第二个是20。
答案 1 :(得分:1)
当他们写p1 = 20时;在代码的末尾,是否会改变第一个值的内存地址以及第二个值?因为他们之前已经在代码中创建了p1 = p2。
他们实际上写了*p1 = 20
,但这就是为什么你是对的,是的。
如果您感到困惑,因为该程序仍然会发出两个不同的值,那是因为您正在打印firstvalue
和secondvalue
(仍然不同),而不是*p1
和{ {1}}(到那时为*p2
)。
你没有解释为什么这会让你感到困惑或者你的问题是什么,或者这与secondvalue
s有什么关系,所以这就是我可以告诉你的。
答案 2 :(得分:0)
我已就您的理解发表评论
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main ()
{
int firstvalue = 5, secondvalue = 15;
int * p1, * p2;
p1 = &firstvalue; // *p1 = 5, since p1 is pointing to firstvalue
p2 = &secondvalue; // *p2 = 15, since p2 is pointing to secondvalue
*p1 = 10; // *p1=10, changing firstvalue to 10
*p2 = *p1; // now *p2=10;
p1 = p2; // p1 is now pointing to secondvalue whose value is already changed into 10 by *p2=*p1; statement.
*p1 = 20; // now secondvalue=20 since p1 is pointing to second value
cout << "firstvalue is " << firstvalue << '\n'; //prints 10
cout << "secondvalue is " << secondvalue << '\n'; //prints 20
}