假设我有以下代码:
class Person(object):
""" Capture user demographics data"""
def __init__(self, name, address, phone, gender, name_prefix):
""" Initialize the object """
self.name = name
self.address = address
self.phone = phone
self.gender = gender
self.prefix = name_prefix
def display_userdata(self):
""" Returns user data"""
userdata = {'name':self.name, 'address': self.address,
'phone': self.phone, 'gender': self.gender, 'prefix': self.prefix
}
return userdata
我可以初始化数据:
newperson = Person("Ben", '9999 Gotham City, las vegas', '702-000-0000', 'male', 'Waiter')
但是如果我可以重新编写display_userdata()
来存储为__init
,我感觉dict
函数是多余的。
newperson.display_userdata()
返回输出:
{'address': '9999 Gotham City, las vegas',
'gender': 'male',
'name': 'Ben',
'phone': '702-000-0000',
'prefix': 'Waiter'}
我的问题是:
是否有更聪明的方法来编写__init__
代码段,以便输入直接存储为python字典?我不想使用setattr
来调用带有dict键的构造函数。
其次,假设用户有3部电话或更多(变量),如何在调用对象构造函数时将其存储在数组中。想想self.phone = ['702-000-000', '413-222-3333' ]
答案 0 :(得分:2)
为什么不直接在init中创建dict?
class Person(object):
""" Capture user demographics data"""
def __init__(self, name, address, phone, gender, prefix):
""" Initialize the object """
self.userdata = {'name': name, 'address': address,
'phone': phone, 'gender': gender, 'prefix': prefix
}
然后
newperson = Person(name="Ben", address='9999 Gotham City, las vegas', phone='702-000-0000', gender ='male', prefix ='Waiter')
print newperson.userdata
返回
{'phone': '702-000-0000', 'gender': 'male', 'prefix': 'Waiter', 'name': 'Ben', 'address': '9999 Gotham City, las vegas'}
对于第二个问题,如果您将列表而不是字符串传递给将显示为列表的phone参数,那么它会起作用吗?
newperson = Person(name="Ben", address='9999 Gotham City, las vegas', phone=['702-000-0000', '111-827-3509'], gender ='male', prefix ='Waiter')
print newperson.userdata
返回
{'phone': ['702-000-0000', '111-827-3509'], 'gender': 'male', 'prefix': 'Waiter', 'name': 'Ben', 'address': '9999 Gotham City, las vegas'}
答案 1 :(得分:1)
你可以通过在python(** kwargs)中使用关键字参数来实现它。 https://docs.python.org/2/tutorial/controlflow.html#keyword-arguments
答案 2 :(得分:1)
如果您的数据为list
,则在创建Person
实例时,您希望将其作为参数传递,原因如下:
mydata = ["Ben", '9999 Gotham City, las vegas', '702-000-0000', 'male', 'Waiter']
class Person(object):
""" Capture user demographics data"""
def __init__(self, *data):
self.userdata = {'name': data[0], 'address': data[1],
'phone': data[2], 'gender': data[3], 'prefix': data[4]
}
def test(self):
print self.userdata
>>>newPerson = Person(*mydata)
>>>newPerson.test()
{'phone': '702-000-0000', 'gender': 'male', 'prefix': 'Waiter', 'name': 'Ben', 'address': '9999 Gotham City, las vegas'}
但是,您必须以标准方式将您的数据整理到list
,
否则,您最好使用dictionary
代替list
,这样:
>>>mydata = {'name':"Ben", 'address':'9999 Gotham City, las vegas', 'phone':'702-000-0000', 'gender':'male', 'prefix':'Waiter'}
>>>class Person(object):
""" Capture user demographics data"""
def __init__(self, **kwargs):
""" Initialize the object """
self.userdata = kwargs
def test(self):
print self.userdata
>>>newPerson = Person(**mydata)
>>>newPerson.test()
{'phone': '702-000-0000', 'gender': 'male', 'prefix': 'Waiter', 'name': 'Ben', 'address': '9999 Gotham City, las vegas'}