Question

我为糟糕的头衔道歉。我有使用C＃（XNA）或java（LibGDX）编写游戏代码的经验，但我最近开始专门使用python和pygame，我无法弄清楚如何设计代码。这就是我认为它会做的事情：

game.py文件：

import pygame
import entities

width = 400
height = 300
# Set up the window size
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((width, height), 0, 32) 
player = entities.Player(width / 2, height / 2)  # The player

#main game loop is here...

entities.py文件：

import pygame
import game

class Player:
    def __init__(self, x, y):
        # Texture for the player
        self.texture = pygame.image.load('player.png')

    def draw(self):
        """ Draws the player """
        game.screen.blit(self.texture, (self.position.x, self.position.y))

#class Enemy: ...

但是这段代码给了我错误。我认为问题在于我在entities.py中导入game.py，然后在game.py中导入entities.py。

我将如何在python中正确设计它？

Answer 1

我建议使用pygame已经提供的内容。

查看类Sprite和Group（及其更复杂的子类）。

所以你的玩家类看起来像：

class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite):

    def __init__(self, x, y):
        pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
        # Texture for the player
        self.image = pygame.image.load('player.png')
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect(topleft=(x, y))

    # no need for a draw function
    # the sprite class will handle this
    # just make sure you store the coordinates of 
    # your entity in self.rect

    def update(self, some_game_state):
        pass # do something with some_game_state

然后，在您的游戏中，您将所有实体放在一个（或多个）组中，只需在该组上调用draw和update。

entities = pygame.sprite.Group(player) # add other sprite here, too

# main loop
while True:
    ...

    # pass the game state to all entities
    # how you design this is up to you
    # (pass multiple values, pass a single instace of the game class,
    # create a class that encapsulates the state necesseray for the entities etc.)
    entites.update(some_game_state) 

    # pass the main surface to the draw function
    entities.draw(screen) 

    ...

Answer 2

您应该将变量传递给相关的类，而不是将它们作为全局变量并导入它们。因此，一种可能的解决方案是使screen成为Player的属性：

class Player:
    def __init__(self, x, y, screen):
        self.screen = screen
        ...

    def draw(self):
        """ Draws the player """
        self.screen.blit(...)

现在，无需在entities.py中导入game，您可以像这样实例化播放器：

player = entities.Player(width / 2, height / 2, screen)

可能有其他方法可以做到这一点，但这应该会给你一个想法。

Pygame - 设计代码

2 个答案: