我正在使用SpriteKit制作一场3场比赛。 Explanation: http://www.raywenderlich.com/75273/make-game-like-candy-crush-with-swift-tutorial-part-2。请参阅第4页的swm93评论 这是一个教程，但它似乎在代码中有内存泄漏。任何人都可以下载这个swift项目文件并查找导致内存泄漏的原因并提供可能的解决方案吗？ 本教程的制作者说“handleSwipe（swap）”方法中存在内存泄漏，我们可以通过向字段声明添加“弱”来修复它。我试着写“弱变量场景：GameScene？”但如果我这样做，它就说“场景是零”，即使我这样初始化它：“scene = GameScene（size：skView.bounds.size）”在“viewDidLoad（）”函数中。 其余课程可以通过我的link here下载 即使视图控制器已经被解雇，内存使用百分比也不会降低......如果我调用GameViewController，将其解除，然后再次调用它，内存使用率是两倍。换一种说法， PreViewController（18MB）segue-＆gt; GameViewController（75MB）解雇 - ＆gt; PreViewController（75MB）segue-＆gt; GameViewController（104MB）
import UIKit
import SpriteKit
import AVFoundation
class GameViewController: UIViewController {
// The scene draws the tiles and cookie sprites, and handles swipes.
var scene: GameScene!
// The level contains the tiles, the cookies, and most of the gameplay logic.
// Needs to be ! because it's not set in init() but in viewDidLoad().
var level: Level!
var movesLeft = 0
var score = 0
@IBOutlet weak var targetLabel: UILabel!
@IBOutlet weak var movesLabel: UILabel!
@IBOutlet weak var scoreLabel: UILabel!
@IBOutlet weak var gameOverPanel: UIImageView!
@IBOutlet weak var shuffleButton: UIButton!
var tapGestureRecognizer: UITapGestureRecognizer!
@IBAction func dismiss(sender: UIButton) {
self.dismissViewControllerAnimated(true, completion: {})
}
lazy var backgroundMusic: AVAudioPlayer = {
let url = NSBundle.mainBundle().URLForResource("Mining by Moonlight", withExtension: "mp3")
let player = AVAudioPlayer(contentsOfURL: url, error: nil)
player.numberOfLoops = -1
return player
}()
override func prefersStatusBarHidden() -> Bool {
return true
}
override func shouldAutorotate() -> Bool {
return true
}
override func supportedInterfaceOrientations() -> Int {
return Int(UIInterfaceOrientationMask.AllButUpsideDown.rawValue)
}
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
// Configure the view.
let skView = view as! SKView
skView.multipleTouchEnabled = false
// Create and configure the scene.
scene = GameScene(size: skView.bounds.size)
scene.scaleMode = .AspectFill
// Load the level.
level = Level(filename: "Level_1")
scene.level = level
scene.addTiles()
scene.swipeHandler = handleSwipe
// Hide the game over panel from the screen.
gameOverPanel.hidden = true
shuffleButton.hidden = true
// Present the scene.
skView.presentScene(scene)
// Load and start background music.
backgroundMusic.play()
// Let's start the game!
beginGame()
}
func beginGame() {
movesLeft = level.maximumMoves
score = 0
updateLabels()
level.resetComboMultiplier()
scene.animateBeginGame() {
self.shuffleButton.hidden = false
}
shuffle()
}
func shuffle() {
// Delete the old cookie sprites, but not the tiles.
scene.removeAllCookieSprites()
// Fill up the level with new cookies, and create sprites for them.
let newCookies = level.shuffle()
scene.addSpritesForCookies(newCookies)
}
// This is the swipe handler. MyScene invokes this function whenever it
// detects that the player performs a swipe.
func handleSwipe(swap: Swap) {
// While cookies are being matched and new cookies fall down to fill up
// the holes, we don't want the player to tap on anything.
view.userInteractionEnabled = false
if level.isPossibleSwap(swap) {
level.performSwap(swap)
scene.animateSwap(swap, completion: handleMatches)
} else {
scene.animateInvalidSwap(swap) {
self.view.userInteractionEnabled = true
}
}
}
// This is the main loop that removes any matching cookies and fills up the
// holes with new cookies.
func handleMatches() {
// Detect if there are any matches left.
let chains = level.removeMatches()
// If there are no more matches, then the player gets to move again.
if chains.count == 0 {
beginNextTurn()
return
}
// First, remove any matches...
scene.animateMatchedCookies(chains) {
// Add the new scores to the total.
for chain in chains {
self.score += chain.score
}
self.updateLabels()
// ...then shift down any cookies that have a hole below them...
let columns = self.level.fillHoles()
self.scene.animateFallingCookies(columns) {
// ...and finally, add new cookies at the top.
let columns = self.level.topUpCookies()
self.scene.animateNewCookies(columns) {
// Keep repeating this cycle until there are no more matches.
self.handleMatches()
}
}
}
}
func beginNextTurn() {
level.resetComboMultiplier()
level.detectPossibleSwaps()
view.userInteractionEnabled = true
decrementMoves()
}
func updateLabels() {
targetLabel.text = String(format: "%ld", level.targetScore)
movesLabel.text = String(format: "%ld", movesLeft)
scoreLabel.text = String(format: "%ld", score)
}
func decrementMoves() {
--movesLeft
updateLabels()
if score >= level.targetScore {
gameOverPanel.image = UIImage(named: "LevelComplete")
showGameOver()
}
else if movesLeft == 0 {
gameOverPanel.image = UIImage(named: "GameOver")
showGameOver()
}
}
func showGameOver() {
gameOverPanel.hidden = false
scene.userInteractionEnabled = false
shuffleButton.hidden = true
scene.animateGameOver() {
self.tapGestureRecognizer = UITapGestureRecognizer(target: self, action: "hideGameOver")
self.view.addGestureRecognizer(self.tapGestureRecognizer)
}
}
func hideGameOver() {
view.removeGestureRecognizer(tapGestureRecognizer)
tapGestureRecognizer = nil
gameOverPanel.hidden = true
scene.userInteractionEnabled = true
beginGame()
}
@IBAction func shuffleButtonPressed(AnyObject) {
shuffle()
// Pressing the shuffle button costs a move.
decrementMoves()
}
}
，
import SpriteKit
class GameScene: SKScene {
// This is marked as ! because it will not initially have a value, but pretty
// soon after the GameScene is created it will be given a Level object, and
// from then on it will always have one (it will never be nil again).
var level: Level!
var swipeHandler: ((Swap) -> ())?
let TileWidth: CGFloat = 32.0
let TileHeight: CGFloat = 36.0
let gameLayer = SKNode()
let cookiesLayer = SKNode()
let tilesLayer = SKNode()
let cropLayer = SKCropNode()
let maskLayer = SKNode()
var swipeFromColumn: Int?
var swipeFromRow: Int?
var selectionSprite = SKSpriteNode()
// Pre-load the resources
let swapSound = SKAction.playSoundFileNamed("Chomp.wav", waitForCompletion: false)
let invalidSwapSound = SKAction.playSoundFileNamed("Error.wav", waitForCompletion: false)
let matchSound = SKAction.playSoundFileNamed("Ka-Ching.wav", waitForCompletion: false)
let fallingCookieSound = SKAction.playSoundFileNamed("Scrape.wav", waitForCompletion: false)
let addCookieSound = SKAction.playSoundFileNamed("Drip.wav", waitForCompletion: false)
// MARK: Game Setup
required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
fatalError("init(coder) is not used in this app")
}
override init(size: CGSize) {
super.init(size: size)
anchorPoint = CGPoint(x: 0.5, y: 0.5)
let background = SKSpriteNode(imageNamed: "Background")
addChild(background)
gameLayer.hidden = true
addChild(gameLayer)
let layerPosition = CGPoint(
x: -TileWidth * CGFloat(NumColumns) / 2,
y: -TileHeight * CGFloat(NumRows) / 2)
tilesLayer.position = layerPosition
gameLayer.addChild(tilesLayer)
// We use a crop layer to prevent cookies from being drawn across gaps
// in the level design.
gameLayer.addChild(cropLayer)
// The mask layer determines which part of the cookiesLayer is visible.
maskLayer.position = layerPosition
cropLayer.maskNode = maskLayer
// This layer holds the Cookie sprites. The positions of these sprites
// are relative to the cookiesLayer's bottom-left corner.
cookiesLayer.position = layerPosition
cropLayer.addChild(cookiesLayer)
// nil means that these properties have invalid values.
swipeFromColumn = nil
swipeFromRow = nil
// Pre-load the label font so prevent delays during game play.
SKLabelNode(fontNamed: "GillSans-BoldItalic")
}
func addSpritesForCookies(cookies: Set<Cookie>) {
for cookie in cookies {
// Create a new sprite for the cookie and add it to the cookiesLayer.
let sprite = SKSpriteNode(imageNamed: cookie.cookieType.spriteName)
sprite.position = pointForColumn(cookie.column, row:cookie.row)
cookiesLayer.addChild(sprite)
cookie.sprite = sprite
// Give each cookie sprite a small, random delay.
sprite.alpha = 0
sprite.xScale = 0.5
sprite.yScale = 0.5
sprite.runAction(
SKAction.sequence([
SKAction.waitForDuration(0.25, withRange: 0.5),
SKAction.group([
SKAction.fadeInWithDuration(0.25),
SKAction.scaleTo(1.0, duration: 0.25)
])
]))
}
}
func removeAllCookieSprites() {
cookiesLayer.removeAllChildren()
}
func addTiles() {
for row in 0..<NumRows {
for column in 0..<NumColumns {
// If there is a tile at this position, then create a new tile
// sprite and add it to the mask layer.
if let tile = level.tileAtColumn(column, row: row) {
let tileNode = SKSpriteNode(imageNamed: "MaskTile")
tileNode.position = pointForColumn(column, row: row)
maskLayer.addChild(tileNode)
}
}
}
// The tile pattern is drawn *in between* the level tiles. That's why
// there is an extra column and row of them.
for row in 0...NumRows {
for column in 0...NumColumns {
let topLeft = (column > 0) && (row < NumRows)
&& level.tileAtColumn(column - 1, row: row) != nil
let bottomLeft = (column > 0) && (row > 0)
&& level.tileAtColumn(column - 1, row: row - 1) != nil
let topRight = (column < NumColumns) && (row < NumRows)
&& level.tileAtColumn(column, row: row) != nil
let bottomRight = (column < NumColumns) && (row > 0)
&& level.tileAtColumn(column, row: row - 1) != nil
// The tiles are named from 0 to 15, according to the bitmask that is
// made by combining these four values.
let value = Int(topLeft) | Int(topRight) << 1 | Int(bottomLeft) << 2 | Int(bottomRight) << 3
// Values 0 (no tiles), 6 and 9 (two opposite tiles) are not drawn.
if value != 0 && value != 6 && value != 9 {
let name = String(format: "Tile_%ld", value)
let tileNode = SKSpriteNode(imageNamed: name)
var point = pointForColumn(column, row: row)
point.x -= TileWidth/2
point.y -= TileHeight/2
tileNode.position = point
tilesLayer.addChild(tileNode)
}
}
}
}
// MARK: Conversion Routines
// Converts a column,row pair into a CGPoint that is relative to the cookieLayer.
func pointForColumn(column: Int, row: Int) -> CGPoint {
return CGPoint(
x: CGFloat(column)*TileWidth + TileWidth/2,
y: CGFloat(row)*TileHeight + TileHeight/2)
}
// Converts a point relative to the cookieLayer into column and row numbers.
func convertPoint(point: CGPoint) -> (success: Bool, column: Int, row: Int) {
// Is this a valid location within the cookies layer? If yes,
// calculate the corresponding row and column numbers.
if point.x >= 0 && point.x < CGFloat(NumColumns)*TileWidth &&
point.y >= 0 && point.y < CGFloat(NumRows)*TileHeight {
return (true, Int(point.x / TileWidth), Int(point.y / TileHeight))
} else {
return (false, 0, 0) // invalid location
}
}
// MARK: Detecting Swipes
override func touchesBegan(touches: Set<NSObject>, withEvent event: UIEvent) {
// Convert the touch location to a point relative to the cookiesLayer.
let touch = touches.first as! UITouch
let location = touch.locationInNode(cookiesLayer)
// If the touch is inside a square, then this might be the start of a
// swipe motion.
let (success, column, row) = convertPoint(location)
if success {
// The touch must be on a cookie, not on an empty tile.
if let cookie = level.cookieAtColumn(column, row: row) {
// Remember in which column and row the swipe started, so we can compare
// them later to find the direction of the swipe. This is also the first
// cookie that will be swapped.
swipeFromColumn = column
swipeFromRow = row
showSelectionIndicatorForCookie(cookie)
}
}
}
override func touchesMoved(touches: Set<NSObject>, withEvent event: UIEvent) {
// If swipeFromColumn is nil then either the swipe began outside
// the valid area or the game has already swapped the cookies and we need
// to ignore the rest of the motion.
if swipeFromColumn == nil { return }
let touch = touches.first as! UITouch
let location = touch.locationInNode(cookiesLayer)
let (success, column, row) = convertPoint(location)
if success {
// Figure out in which direction the player swiped. Diagonal swipes
// are not allowed.
var horzDelta = 0, vertDelta = 0
if column < swipeFromColumn! { // swipe left
horzDelta = -1
} else if column > swipeFromColumn! { // swipe right
horzDelta = 1
} else if row < swipeFromRow! { // swipe down
vertDelta = -1
} else if row > swipeFromRow! { // swipe up
vertDelta = 1
}
// Only try swapping when the user swiped into a new square.
if horzDelta != 0 || vertDelta != 0 {
trySwapHorizontal(horzDelta, vertical: vertDelta)
hideSelectionIndicator()
// Ignore the rest of this swipe motion from now on.
swipeFromColumn = nil
}
}
}
// We get here after the user performs a swipe. This sets in motion a whole
// chain of events: 1) swap the cookies, 2) remove the matching lines, 3)
// drop new cookies into the screen, 4) check if they create new matches,
// and so on.
func trySwapHorizontal(horzDelta: Int, vertical vertDelta: Int) {
let toColumn = swipeFromColumn! + horzDelta
let toRow = swipeFromRow! + vertDelta
if toColumn < 0 || toColumn >= NumColumns { return }
if toRow < 0 || toRow >= NumRows { return }
// Can't swap if there is no cookie to swap with. This happens when the user
// swipes into a gap where there is no tile.
if let toCookie = level.cookieAtColumn(toColumn, row: toRow),
let fromCookie = level.cookieAtColumn(swipeFromColumn!, row: swipeFromRow!),
let handler = swipeHandler {
// Communicate this swap request back to the ViewController.
let swap = Swap(cookieA: fromCookie, cookieB: toCookie)
handler(swap)
}
}
override func touchesEnded(touches: Set<NSObject>, withEvent event: UIEvent) {
// Remove the selection indicator with a fade-out. We only need to do this
// when the player didn't actually swipe.
if selectionSprite.parent != nil && swipeFromColumn != nil {
hideSelectionIndicator()
}
// If the gesture ended, regardless of whether if was a valid swipe or not,
// reset the starting column and row numbers.
swipeFromColumn = nil
swipeFromRow = nil
}
override func touchesCancelled(touches: Set<NSObject>, withEvent event: UIEvent) {
touchesEnded(touches, withEvent: event)
}
// MARK: Animations
func animateSwap(swap: Swap, completion: () -> ()) {
let spriteA = swap.cookieA.sprite!
let spriteB = swap.cookieB.sprite!
// Put the cookie you started with on top.
spriteA.zPosition = 100
spriteB.zPosition = 90
let Duration: NSTimeInterval = 0.3
let moveA = SKAction.moveTo(spriteB.position, duration: Duration)
moveA.timingMode = .EaseOut
spriteA.runAction(moveA, completion: completion)
let moveB = SKAction.moveTo(spriteA.position, duration: Duration)
moveB.timingMode = .EaseOut
spriteB.runAction(moveB)
runAction(swapSound)
}
func animateInvalidSwap(swap: Swap, completion: () -> ()) {
let spriteA = swap.cookieA.sprite!
let spriteB = swap.cookieB.sprite!
spriteA.zPosition = 100
spriteB.zPosition = 90
let Duration: NSTimeInterval = 0.2
let moveA = SKAction.moveTo(spriteB.position, duration: Duration)
moveA.timingMode = .EaseOut
let moveB = SKAction.moveTo(spriteA.position, duration: Duration)
moveB.timingMode = .EaseOut
spriteA.runAction(SKAction.sequence([moveA, moveB]), completion: completion)
spriteB.runAction(SKAction.sequence([moveB, moveA]))
runAction(invalidSwapSound)
}
func animateMatchedCookies(chains: Set<Chain>, completion: () -> ()) {
for chain in chains {
animateScoreForChain(chain)
for cookie in chain.cookies {
// It may happen that the same Cookie object is part of two chains
// (L-shape or T-shape match). In that case, its sprite should only be
// removed once.
if let sprite = cookie.sprite {
if sprite.actionForKey("removing") == nil {
let scaleAction = SKAction.scaleTo(0.1, duration: 0.3)
scaleAction.timingMode = .EaseOut
sprite.runAction(SKAction.sequence([scaleAction, SKAction.removeFromParent()]),
withKey:"removing")
}
}
}
}
runAction(matchSound)
runAction(SKAction.waitForDuration(0.3), completion: completion)
}
func animateScoreForChain(chain: Chain) {
// Figure out what the midpoint of the chain is.
let firstSprite = chain.firstCookie().sprite!
let lastSprite = chain.lastCookie().sprite!
let centerPosition = CGPoint(
x: (firstSprite.position.x + lastSprite.position.x)/2,
y: (firstSprite.position.y + lastSprite.position.y)/2 - 8)
let scoreLabel = SKLabelNode(fontNamed: "GillSans-BoldItalic")
scoreLabel.fontSize = 16
scoreLabel.text = String(format: "%ld", chain.score)
scoreLabel.position = centerPosition
scoreLabel.zPosition = 300
cookiesLayer.addChild(scoreLabel)
let moveAction = SKAction.moveBy(CGVector(dx: 0, dy: 3), duration: 0.7)
moveAction.timingMode = .EaseOut
scoreLabel.runAction(SKAction.sequence([moveAction, SKAction.removeFromParent()]))
}
func animateFallingCookies(columns: [[Cookie]], completion: () -> ()) {
var longestDuration: NSTimeInterval = 0
for array in columns {
for (idx, cookie) in enumerate(array) {
let newPosition = pointForColumn(cookie.column, row: cookie.row)
let delay = 0.05 + 0.15*NSTimeInterval(idx)
let sprite = cookie.sprite!
let duration = NSTimeInterval(((sprite.position.y - newPosition.y) / TileHeight) * 0.1)
longestDuration = max(longestDuration, duration + delay)
let moveAction = SKAction.moveTo(newPosition, duration: duration)
moveAction.timingMode = .EaseOut
sprite.runAction(
SKAction.sequence([
SKAction.waitForDuration(delay),
SKAction.group([moveAction, fallingCookieSound])]))
}
}
// Wait until all the cookies have fallen down before we continue.
runAction(SKAction.waitForDuration(longestDuration), completion: completion)
}
func animateNewCookies(columns: [[Cookie]], completion: () -> ()) {
// wait that amount before we trigger the completion block.
var longestDuration: NSTimeInterval = 0
for array in columns {
let startRow = array[0].row + 1
for (idx, cookie) in enumerate(array) {
// Create a new sprite for the cookie.
let sprite = SKSpriteNode(imageNamed: cookie.cookieType.spriteName)
sprite.position = pointForColumn(cookie.column, row: startRow)
cookiesLayer.addChild(sprite)
cookie.sprite = sprite
// fall after one another.
let delay = 0.1 + 0.2 * NSTimeInterval(array.count - idx - 1)
// Calculate duration based on far the cookie has to fall.
let duration = NSTimeInterval(startRow - cookie.row) * 0.1
longestDuration = max(longestDuration, duration + delay)
let newPosition = pointForColumn(cookie.column, row: cookie.row)
let moveAction = SKAction.moveTo(newPosition, duration: duration)
moveAction.timingMode = .EaseOut
sprite.alpha = 0
sprite.runAction(
SKAction.sequence([
SKAction.waitForDuration(delay),
SKAction.group([
SKAction.fadeInWithDuration(0.05),
moveAction,
addCookieSound])
]))
}
}
// Wait until the animations are done before we continue.
runAction(SKAction.waitForDuration(longestDuration), completion: completion)
}
func animateGameOver(completion: () -> ()) {
let action = SKAction.moveBy(CGVector(dx: 0, dy: -size.height), duration: 0.3)
action.timingMode = .EaseIn
gameLayer.runAction(action, completion: completion)
}
func animateBeginGame(completion: () -> ()) {
gameLayer.hidden = false
gameLayer.position = CGPoint(x: 0, y: size.height)
let action = SKAction.moveBy(CGVector(dx: 0, dy: -size.height), duration: 0.3)
action.timingMode = .EaseOut
gameLayer.runAction(action, completion: completion)
}
// MARK: Selection Indicator
func showSelectionIndicatorForCookie(cookie: Cookie) {
if selectionSprite.parent != nil {
selectionSprite.removeFromParent()
}
if let sprite = cookie.sprite {
let texture = SKTexture(imageNamed: cookie.cookieType.highlightedSpriteName)
selectionSprite.size = texture.size()
selectionSprite.runAction(SKAction.setTexture(texture))
sprite.addChild(selectionSprite)
selectionSprite.alpha = 1.0
}
}
func hideSelectionIndicator() {
selectionSprite.runAction(SKAction.sequence([
SKAction.fadeOutWithDuration(0.3),
SKAction.removeFromParent()]))
}
}