CUDA __device__未解析的extern函数

时间:2015-06-23 15:08:35

标签: c++ c cuda linker-errors

我正在尝试了解如何在单独的头文件中解耦CUDA __device__代码。

我有三个文件。

档案:1:int2.cuh

#ifndef INT2_H_
#define INT2_H_

#include "cuda.h"
#include "cuda_runtime.h"
#include "device_launch_parameters.h"

__global__ void kernel();
__device__ int k2(int k);

int launchKernel(int dim);

#endif /* INT2_H_ */

文件2:int2.cu

#include "int2.cuh"
#include "cstdio"

__global__ void kernel() {
    int tid = threadIdx.x;
    printf("%d\n", k2(tid));
}

__device__ int k2(int i) {
    return i * i;
}

int launchKernel(int dim) {
    kernel<<<1, dim>>>();
    cudaDeviceReset();
    return 0;
}

文件3:CUDASample.cu

include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include "int2.cuh"
#include "iostream"

using namespace std;

static const int WORK_SIZE = 256;

__global__ void sampleCuda() {
    int tid = threadIdx.x;
//    printf("%d\n", k2(tid)); //Can not call k2
    printf("%d\n", tid * tid);
}

int main(void) {

    int var;
    var = launchKernel(16);

    kernel<<<1, 16>>>();
    cudaDeviceReset();

    sampleCuda<<<1, 16>>>();
    cudaDeviceReset();

    return 0;
}

代码工作文件。我可以调用sampleCuda()内核(在同一个文件中),调用C函数launchKernel()(在其他文件中),并直接调用kernel()(在其他文件中)。

我面临的问题是从__device__内核调用sampleCuda()函数。然后它显示以下错误。但是,kernel()中可以调用相同的函数。

10:58:11 **** Incremental Build of configuration Debug for project CUDASample ****
make all 
Building file: ../src/CUDASample.cu
Invoking: NVCC Compiler
/Developer/NVIDIA/CUDA-6.5/bin/nvcc -G -g -O0 -gencode arch=compute_20,code=sm_20  -odir "src" -M -o "src/CUDASample.d" "../src/CUDASample.cu"
/Developer/NVIDIA/CUDA-6.5/bin/nvcc -G -g -O0 --compile --relocatable-device-code=false -gencode arch=compute_20,code=compute_20 -gencode arch=compute_20,code=sm_20  -x cu -o  "src/CUDASample.o" "../src/CUDASample.cu"
../src/CUDASample.cu(18): warning: variable "var" was set but never used

../src/CUDASample.cu(8): warning: variable "WORK_SIZE" was declared but never referenced

../src/CUDASample.cu(18): warning: variable "var" was set but never used

../src/CUDASample.cu(8): warning: variable "WORK_SIZE" was declared but never referenced

ptxas fatal   : Unresolved extern function '_Z2k2i'
make: *** [src/CUDASample.o] Error 255

10:58:14 Build Finished (took 2s.388ms)

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:9)

问题是您在调用它的__device__的单独编译单元中定义了__global__函数。您需要通过添加-dc标志明确启用可重定位设备代码模式,或将您的定义移动到同一单元。

来自nvcc文档:

  

--device-c|-dc将每个.c / .cc / .cpp / .cxx / .cu输入文件编译到包含可重定位设备代码的目标文件中。它相当于   --relocatable-device-code = true --compile

有关详细信息,请参阅Separate Compilation and Linking of CUDA C++ Device Code