Espresso测试仅在第一次通过。然后由于NoMatchingViewException

Question

我在Android Studio工作。我目前正致力于使用Espresso 2.1创建自动化测试：

androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.1'

我有以下针对MainActivity类的xml布局：

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent" tools:context=".MainActivity">

<com.esri.android.map.MapView
    android:id="@+id/mapView"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:contentDescription="theMainMapViewFirst">
</com.esri.android.map.MapView>

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="horizontal" android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/toolbarLayout" android:background="@color/toolbar_bg">
    <View
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="1dp"
        android:layout_weight="1" >
    </View>
    <ImageButton
        android:id="@+id/btnPanMode"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:background="@null"
        android:onClick="onPanClick"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:padding="3pt"
        android:src="@drawable/map_pan"/>
    <View
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="1dp"
        android:layout_weight="1" >
    </View>
    <ImageButton
        android:id="@+id/btnSelectableLayers"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:padding="3pt"
        android:src="@drawable/layer_basemap_analyze32"
        android:onClick="onSelectableLayersClick"
        android:scaleType="fitXY"
        android:background="@null" />
    <View
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="1dp"
        android:layout_weight="1" >
    </View>

</LinearLayout>

我尝试做的是验证上面xml的第二个ImageButton是否显示。我的代码是：

@SmallTest
public void testSelectableLayersIsOpen()
{
    onView((withId(R.id.btnSelectableLayers))).check(matches(isDisplayed()));
}

代码只工作了一次。测试成功通过一次。在我第二次尝试运行测试（以及更多次）后，我收到了同样的错误：

android.support.test.espresso.NoMatchingViewException: No views in hierarchy found matching: with id: <package_name>:id/btnSelectableLayers
View Hierarchy:
+>DecorView{id=-1, visibility=VISIBLE, width=658, height=802, has-focus=false, has-focusable=false, has-window-focus=true, is-clickable=false, is-enabled=true, is-focused=false, is-focusable=false, is-layout-requested=false, is-selected=false, root-is-layout-requested=false, has-input-connection=false, x=0.0, y=0.0, child-count=1}
|
+->FrameLayout{id=-1, visibility=VISIBLE, width=616, height=760, has-focus=false, has-focusable=false, has-window-focus=true, is-clickable=false, is-enabled=true, is-focused=false, is-focusable=false, is-layout-requested=false, is-selected=false, root-is-layout-requested=false, has-input-connection=false, x=21.0, y=21.0, child-count=2}
|
+-->FrameLayout{id=16908290, res-name=content, visibility=VISIBLE, width=616, height=760, has-focus=false, has-focusable=false, has-window-focus=true, is-clickable=false, is-enabled=true, is-focused=false, is-focusable=false, is-layout-requested=false, is-selected=false, root-is-layout-requested=false, has-input-connection=false, x=0.0, y=0.0, child-count=1}
|
+--->LinearLayout{id=16908990, res-name=parentPanel, visibility=VISIBLE, width=616, height=760, has-focus=false, has-focusable=false, has-window-focus=true, is-clickable=false, is-enabled=true, is-focused=false, is-focusable=false, is-layout-requested=false, is-selected=false, root-is-layout-requested=false, has-input-connection=false, x=0.0, y=0.0, child-count=4}
|
+---->LinearLayout{id=16908991, res-name=topPanel, visibility=GONE, width=0, height=0, has-focus=false, has-focusable=false, has-window-focus=true, is-clickable=false, is-enabled=true, is-focused=false, is-focusable=false, is-layout-requested=true, is-selected=false, root-is-layout-requested=false, has-input-connection=false, x=0.0, y=0.0, child-count=1}
|
+----->LinearLayout{id=16908992, res-name=title_template, visibility=GONE, width=0, height=0, has-focus=false, has-focusable=false, has-window-focus=true, is-clickable=false, is-enabled=true, is-focused=false, is-focusable=false, is-layout-requested=true, is-selected=false, root-is-layout-requested=false, has-input-connection=false, x=0.0, y=0.0, child-count=2}
|
+------>ImageView{id=16908294, res-name=icon, visibility=GONE, width=0, height=0, has-focus=false, has-focusable=false, has-window-focus=true, is-clickable=false, is-enabled=true, is-focused=false, is-focusable=false, is-layout-requested=true, is-selected=false, root-is-layout-requested=false, has-input-connection=false, x=0.0, y=0.0}
|
+------>DialogTitle{id=16908993, res-name=alertTitle, visibility=VISIBLE, width=0, height=0, has-focus=false, has-focusable=false, has-window-focus=true, is-clickable=false, is-enabled=true, is-focused=false, is-focusable=false, is-layout-requested=true, is-selected=false, root-is-layout-requested=false, has-input-connection=false, x=0.0, y=0.0, text=, input-type=0, ime-target=false, has-links=false}
|
+---->FrameLayout{id=16908998, res-name=contentPanel, visibility=GONE, width=0, height=0, has-focus=false, has-focusable=false, has-window-focus=true, is-clickable=false, is-enabled=true, is-focused=false, is-focusable=false, is-layout-requested=true, is-selected=false, root-is-layout-requested=false, has-input-connection=false, x=0.0, y=0.0, child-count=1}
|
+----->ScrollView{id=16908999, res-name=scrollView, visibility=VISIBLE, width=0, height=0, has-focus=false, has-focusable=false, has-window-focus=true, is-clickable=false, is-enabled=true, is-focused=false, is-focusable=false, is-layout-requested=true, is-selected=false, root-is-layout-requested=false, has-input-connection=false, x=0.0, y=0.0, child-count=1}
|
+------>LinearLayout{id=-1, visibility=VISIBLE, width=0, height=0, has-focus=false, has-focusable=false, has-window-focus=true, is-clickable=false, is-enabled=true, is-focused=false, is-focusable=false, is-layout-requested=true, is-selected=false, root-is-layout-requested=false, has-input-connection=false, x=0.0, y=0.0, child-count=2}
|
+------->TextView{id=16908299, res-name=message, visibility=GONE, width=0, height=0, has-focus=false, has-focusable=false, has-window-focus=true, is-clickable=false, is-enabled=true, is-focused=false, is-focusable=false, is-layout-requested=true, is-selected=false, root-is-layout-requested=false, has-input-connection=false, x=0.0, y=0.0, text=, input-type=0, ime-target=false, has-links=false}
|
+------->Space{id=16909004, res-name=textSpacerNoButtons, visibility=VISIBLE, width=0, height=0, has-focus=false, has-focusable=false, has-window-focus=true, is-clickable=false, is-enabled=true, is-focused=false, is-focusable=false, is-layout-requested=true, is-selected=false, root-is-layout-requested=false, has-input-connection=false, x=0.0, y=0.0}
|
+---->FrameLayout{id=16909000, res-name=customPanel, visibility=VISIBLE, width=616, height=760, has-focus=false, has-focusable=false, has-window-focus=true, is-clickable=false, is-enabled=true, is-focused=false, is-focusable=false, is-layout-requested=false, is-selected=false, root-is-layout-requested=false, has-input-connection=false, x=0.0, y=0.0, child-count=1}
|
+----->FrameLayout{id=16908331, res-name=custom, visibility=VISIBLE, width=616, height=760, has-focus=false, has-focusable=false, has-window-focus=true, is-clickable=false, is-enabled=true, is-focused=false, is-focusable=false, is-layout-requested=false, is-selected=false, root-is-layout-requested=false, has-input-connection=false, x=0.0, y=0.0, child-count=1}
|
+------>RelativeLayout{id=-1, visibility=VISIBLE, width=616, height=760, has-focus=false, has-focusable=false, has-window-focus=true, is-clickable=false, is-enabled=true, is-focused=false, is-focusable=false, is-layout-requested=false, is-selected=false, root-is-layout-requested=false, has-input-connection=false, x=0.0, y=0.0, child-count=1}
|
+------->ImageView{id=2131361875, res-name=imageView, visibility=VISIBLE, width=616, height=760, has-focus=false, has-focusable=false, has-window-focus=true, is-clickable=false, is-enabled=true, is-focused=false, is-focusable=false, is-layout-requested=false, is-selected=false, root-is-layout-requested=false, has-input-connection=false, x=0.0, y=0.0}
|
+---->LinearLayout{id=16908995, res-name=buttonPanel, visibility=GONE, width=0, height=0, has-focus=false, has-focusable=false, has-window-focus=true, is-clickable=false, is-enabled=true, is-focused=false, is-focusable=false, is-layout-requested=true, is-selected=false, root-is-layout-requested=false, has-input-connection=false, x=0.0, y=0.0, child-count=4}
|
+----->Button{id=16908315, res-name=button3, visibility=GONE, width=0, height=0, has-focus=false, has-focusable=false, has-window-focus=true, is-clickable=true, is-enabled=true, is-focused=false, is-focusable=true, is-layout-requested=true, is-selected=false, root-is-layout-requested=false, has-input-connection=false, x=0.0, y=0.0, text=, input-type=0, ime-target=false, has-links=false}
|
+----->Space{id=-1, visibility=INVISIBLE, width=0, height=0, has-focus=false, has-focusable=false, has-window-focus=true, is-clickable=false, is-enabled=true, is-focused=false, is-focusable=false, is-layout-requested=true, is-selected=false, root-is-layout-requested=false, has-input-connection=false, x=0.0, y=0.0}
|
+----->Button{id=16908314, res-name=button2, visibility=GONE, width=0, height=0, has-focus=false, has-focusable=false, has-window-focus=true, is-clickable=true, is-enabled=true, is-focused=false, is-focusable=true, is-layout-requested=true, is-selected=false, root-is-layout-requested=false, has-input-connection=false, x=0.0, y=0.0, text=, input-type=0, ime-target=false, has-links=false}
|
+----->Button{id=16908313, res-name=button1, visibility=GONE, width=0, height=0, has-focus=false, has-focusable=false, has-window-focus=true, is-clickable=true, is-enabled=true, is-focused=false, is-focusable=true, is-layout-requested=true, is-selected=false, root-is-layout-requested=false, has-input-connection=false, x=0.0, y=0.0, text=, input-type=0, ime-target=false, has-links=false}
|
+-->ViewStub{id=16909171, visibility=GONE, width=0, height=0, has-focus=false, has-focusable=false, has-window-focus=true, is-clickable=false, is-enabled=true, is-focused=false, is-focusable=false, is-layout-requested=true, is-selected=false, root-is-layout-requested=false, has-input-connection=false, x=0.0, y=0.0}
|

我不知道它为什么会发生。 此外，如果我在代码中添加一个新行 - 测试将再次传递，并且只会再次传递一次。 在我的情况下，我已经在上面的xml中添加了下一行：

android:contentDescription="theMainMapViewFirst">

我的测试已经过了绿色。但只有一次。它刚刚在下一次运行时再次失败。

你能帮我解决这类问题吗？

Answer 1

当espresso尝试查找视图时，您似乎在活动顶部显示了一个对话框。

查看espresso异常中输出的View Hierarchy转储，找出它是什么对话以及它出现的原因。