Android Espresso UI测试----测试运行失败：由于＆＃39;进程崩溃导致测试运行失败。

Question

我是Espresso的新手，尝试用它进行UI单元测试。我遇到了一个问题，我已经做了很多研究，我仍然无法找到如何解决它的事件只是一个简单的文本输入和一个按钮点击，希望有人帮助我。

问题：

文字＆＃34; HELLO＆＃34;已输入，然后应用程序崩溃，错误日志如下：

at dalvik.system.VMStack.getThreadStackTrace(Native Method)
at java.lang.Thread.getStackTrace(Thread.java:595)
at android.support.test.espresso.base.DefaultFailureHandler.getUserFriendlyError(DefaultFailureHandler.java:92)
at android.support.test.espresso.base.DefaultFailureHandler.handle(DefaultFailureHandler.java:56)
at android.support.test.espresso.ViewInteraction.runSynchronouslyOnUiThread(ViewInteraction.java:184)
at android.support.test.espresso.ViewInteraction.doPerform(ViewInteraction.java:115)
at android.support.test.espresso.ViewInteraction.perform(ViewInteraction.java:87)
at com.hongfans.rearview.MainActivityEspressoTest.testEnsureTextChangesWork(MainActivityEspressoTest.java:36)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
at android.support.test.internal.statement.UiThreadStatement.evaluate(UiThreadStatement.java:55)
at android.support.test.rule.ActivityTestRule$ActivityStatement.evaluate(ActivityTestRule.java:270)
at org.junit.rules.RunRules.evaluate(RunRules.java:20)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
at org.junit.runners.Suite.runChild(Suite.java:128)
at org.junit.runners.Suite.runChild(Suite.java:27)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:115)
at android.support.test.internal.runner.TestExecutor.execute(TestExecutor.java:59)
at android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner.onStart(AndroidJUnitRunner.java:262)
at android.app.Instrumentation$InstrumentationThread.run(Instrumentation.java:1904)

Test running failed: Instrumentation run failed due to 'Process crashed.'

我的测试代码：

package **.**.**;//you know, this is hiding

import android.provider.Settings;
import android.support.test.filters.LargeTest;
import android.support.test.rule.ActivityTestRule;
import android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
import org.junit.Rule;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.junit.After;
import static android.support.test.espresso.Espresso.onView;
import static android.support.test.espresso.action.ViewActions.click;
import static android.support.test.espresso.action.ViewActions.closeSoftKeyboard;
import static android.support.test.espresso.action.ViewActions.typeText;
import static android.support.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.withId;


@LargeTest
@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
public  class MainActivityEspressoTest {

// Rule this means which activity to run
@Rule
public ActivityTestRule<MainActivity> mActivityRule =
        new ActivityTestRule<>(MainActivity.class);
// Test means below is a test case
@Test
public void testEnsureTextChangesWork() {
    //        // Type text and then press the button.
    onView(withId(R.id.et_search)).perform(typeText("HELLO"), closeSoftKeyboard());
    onView(withId(R.id.bt_search)).perform(click());
    }
}

我的Gradle配置：

defaultConfig {
        *** others ***
        testInstrumentationRunner 'android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner'
        }
androidTestCompile 'com.android.support:support-annotations:24.1.0'
    androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test:runner:0.5'
    androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test:rules:0.5'
    androidTestCompile ('com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.2.2',{
        exclude group: 'com.android.support', module: 'support-annotations'
    })
    androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-idling-resource'
    androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-web:2.2.2'
    androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-intents:2.2.2'
    androidTestCompile ('com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-contrib:2.2'){
        exclude group: 'com.android.support', module: 'appcompat-v7'
        exclude group: 'com.android.support', module: 'support-v4'
        exclude module: 'recyclerview-v7'
    }

其他信息：

Android Studio Verion：2.3.3和我的AS目录是：

Answer 1

在对日志进行研究后，我发现有一个例外：     了java.lang.RuntimeException：     android.support.test.espresso.AmbiguousViewMatcherException

也就是说，我的配置是正确的，唯一的问题是找到了2个具有相同ID的元素，所以...只需按照那里的指示： https://developer.android.com/training/testing/espresso/basics.html#components  那里： https://developer.android.com/reference/android/support/test/espresso/matcher/ViewMatchers.html 问题解决了。