所以我使用gridworld中的代码制作游戏。对于我的游戏，我需要在网格周围的JFrame边框中显示数字0到39，以使网格看起来如下图所示。
！[[1]：http://i.stack.imgur.com/hDK43.png][1]
![http://i.stack.imgur.com/hDK43.png][1]](http://i.stack.imgur.com/hDK43.png][1]){kind=link}
package info.gridworld.gui;
import info.gridworld.grid.Grid;
import info.gridworld.grid.Location;
import info.gridworld.world.World;
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.KeyEventDispatcher;
import java.awt.KeyboardFocusManager;
import java.awt.Label;
import java.awt.Rectangle;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import java.net.URL;
import java.text.MessageFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.MissingResourceException;
import java.util.ResourceBundle;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.TreeSet;
import javax.swing.AbstractButton;
import javax.swing.BorderFactory;
import javax.swing.ImageIcon;
import javax.swing.JDialog;
import javax.swing.JEditorPane;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JMenu;
import javax.swing.JMenuBar;
import javax.swing.JMenuItem;
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JScrollPane;
import javax.swing.JTextArea;
import javax.swing.KeyStroke;
import javax.swing.event.HyperlinkEvent;
import javax.swing.event.HyperlinkListener;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.io.StringWriter;
/**
* The WorldFrame displays a World and allows manipulation of its occupants.
* <br />
* This code is not tested on the AP CS A and AB exams. It contains GUI
* implementation details that are not intended to be understood by AP CS
* students.
*/
public class WorldFrame<T> extends JFrame
{
private GUIController<T> control;
private GridPanel display;
private JTextArea messageArea;
private ArrayList<JMenuItem> menuItemsDisabledDuringRun;
private World<T> world;
private ResourceBundle resources;
private DisplayMap displayMap;
private Set<Class> gridClasses;
private JMenu newGridMenu;
private static int count = 0;
/**
* Constructs a WorldFrame that displays the occupants of a world
* @param world the world to display
*/
public WorldFrame(World<T> world)
{
this.world = world;
count++;
resources = ResourceBundle
.getBundle(getClass().getName() + "Resources");
try
{
System.setProperty("sun.awt.exception.handler",
GUIExceptionHandler.class.getName());
}
catch (SecurityException ex)
{
// will fail in an applet
}
addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter()
{
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent event)
{
count--;
if (count == 0)
System.exit(0);
}
});
displayMap = new DisplayMap();
String title = System.getProperty("info.gridworld.gui.frametitle");
if (title == null) title = resources.getString("frame.title");
setTitle(title);
setLocation(25, 15);
URL appIconUrl = getClass().getResource("GridWorld.gif");
ImageIcon appIcon = new ImageIcon(appIconUrl);
setIconImage(appIcon.getImage());
makeMenus();
JPanel content = new JPanel();
content.setBorder(BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(40, 40, 40, 40));
content.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
setContentPane(content);
display = new GridPanel(displayMap, resources);
KeyboardFocusManager.getCurrentKeyboardFocusManager().addKeyEventDispatcher(new
KeyEventDispatcher()
{
public boolean dispatchKeyEvent(KeyEvent event)
{
if (getFocusOwner() == null) return false;
String text = KeyStroke.getKeyStrokeForEvent(event).toString();
final String PRESSED = "pressed ";
int n = text.indexOf(PRESSED);
if (n < 0) return false;
// filter out modifier keys; they are neither characters or actions
if (event.getKeyChar() == KeyEvent.CHAR_UNDEFINED && !event.isActionKey())
return false;
text = text.substring(0, n) + text.substring(n + PRESSED.length());
boolean consumed = getWorld().keyPressed(text, display.getCurrentLocation());
if (consumed) repaint();
return consumed;
}
});
JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane();
scrollPane.setViewport(new PseudoInfiniteViewport(scrollPane));
scrollPane.setViewportView(display);
content.add(scrollPane, BorderLayout.CENTER);
gridClasses = new TreeSet<Class>(new Comparator<Class>()
{
public int compare(Class a, Class b)
{
return a.getName().compareTo(b.getName());
}
});
for (String name : world.getGridClasses())
try
{
gridClasses.add(Class.forName(name));
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
ex.printStackTrace();
}
Grid<T> gr = world.getGrid();
gridClasses.add(gr.getClass());
makeNewGridMenu();
control = new GUIController<T>(this, display, displayMap, resources);
content.add(control.controlPanel(), BorderLayout.SOUTH);
messageArea = new JTextArea(1,5);
messageArea.setEditable(false);
messageArea.setFocusable(false);
messageArea.setBackground(Color.GRAY);
content.add(new JScrollPane(messageArea), BorderLayout.PAGE_START);
Label twenty = new Label("20", Label.CENTER);
twenty.setBounds(500, 500, 10, 10);
content.add(new JScrollPane(twenty), BorderLayout.NORTH);
pack();
repaint(); // to show message
display.setGrid(gr);
}
public void repaint()
{
String message = getWorld().getMessage();
if (message == null)
message = resources.getString("message.default");
messageArea.setText(message);
messageArea.repaint();
display.repaint(); // for applet
super.repaint();
}
/**
* Gets the world that this frame displays
* @return the world
*/
public World<T> getWorld()
{
return world;
}
/**
* Sets a new grid for this world. Occupants are transferred from
* the old world to the new.
* @param newGrid the new grid
*/
public void setGrid(Grid<T> newGrid)
{
Grid<T> oldGrid = world.getGrid();
Map<Location, T> occupants = new HashMap<Location, T>();
for (Location loc : oldGrid.getOccupiedLocations())
occupants.put(loc, world.remove(loc));
world.setGrid(newGrid);
for (Location loc : occupants.keySet())
{
if (newGrid.isValid(loc))
world.add(loc, occupants.get(loc));
}
display.setGrid(newGrid);
repaint();
}
/**
* Displays an error message
* @param t the throwable that describes the error
* @param resource the resource whose .text/.title strings
* should be used in the dialog
*/
public void showError(Throwable t, String resource)
{
String text;
try
{
text = resources.getString(resource + ".text");
}
catch (MissingResourceException e)
{
text = resources.getString("error.text");
}
String title;
try
{
title = resources.getString(resource + ".title");
}
catch (MissingResourceException e)
{
title = resources.getString("error.title");
}
String reason = resources.getString("error.reason");
String message = text + "\n"
+ MessageFormat.format(reason, new Object[]
{ t });
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, message, title,
JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE);
}
// Creates the drop-down menus on the frame.
private JMenu makeMenu(String resource)
{
JMenu menu = new JMenu();
configureAbstractButton(menu, resource);
return menu;
}
private JMenuItem makeMenuItem(String resource, ActionListener listener)
{
JMenuItem item = new JMenuItem();
configureMenuItem(item, resource, listener);
return item;
}
private void configureMenuItem(JMenuItem item, String resource,
ActionListener listener)
{
configureAbstractButton(item, resource);
item.addActionListener(listener);
try
{
String accel = resources.getString(resource + ".accel");
String metaPrefix = "@";
if (accel.startsWith(metaPrefix))
{
int menuMask = getToolkit().getMenuShortcutKeyMask();
KeyStroke key = KeyStroke.getKeyStroke(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke(
accel.substring(metaPrefix.length())).getKeyCode(),
menuMask);
item.setAccelerator(key);
}
else
{
item.setAccelerator(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke(accel));
}
}
catch (MissingResourceException ex)
{
// no accelerator
}
}
private void configureAbstractButton(AbstractButton button, String resource)
{
String title = resources.getString(resource);
int i = title.indexOf('&');
int mnemonic = 0;
if (i >= 0)
{
mnemonic = title.charAt(i + 1);
title = title.substring(0, i) + title.substring(i + 1);
button.setText(title);
button.setMnemonic(Character.toUpperCase(mnemonic));
button.setDisplayedMnemonicIndex(i);
}
else
button.setText(title);
}
private void makeMenus()
{
JMenuBar mbar = new JMenuBar();
JMenu menu;
menuItemsDisabledDuringRun = new ArrayList<JMenuItem>();
//mbar.add(menu = makeMenu("menu.file"));
newGridMenu = makeMenu("menu.file.new");
//menu.add(newGridMenu);
menuItemsDisabledDuringRun.add(newGridMenu);
/*menu.add(makeMenuItem("menu.file.quit", new ActionListener()
{
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
{
System.exit(0);
}
}));
mbar.add(menu = makeMenu("menu.view"));
menu.add(makeMenuItem("menu.view.up", new ActionListener()
{
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
{
display.moveLocation(-1, 0);
}
}));
menu.add(makeMenuItem("menu.view.down", new ActionListener()
{
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
{
display.moveLocation(1, 0);
}
}));
menu.add(makeMenuItem("menu.view.left", new ActionListener()
{
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
{
display.moveLocation(0, -1);
}
}));
menu.add(makeMenuItem("menu.view.right", new ActionListener()
{
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
{
display.moveLocation(0, 1);
}
}));
*/
JMenuItem viewEditMenu;
/*menu.add(viewEditMenu = makeMenuItem("menu.view.edit",
new ActionListener()
{
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
{
control.editLocation();
}
}));
menuItemsDisabledDuringRun.add(viewEditMenu);
*/
JMenuItem viewDeleteMenu;
/*menu.add(viewDeleteMenu = makeMenuItem("menu.view.delete",
new ActionListener()
{
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
{
control.deleteLocation();
}
}));
menuItemsDisabledDuringRun.add(viewDeleteMenu);
menu.add(makeMenuItem("menu.view.zoomin", new ActionListener()
{
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
{
display.zoomIn();
}
}));
menu.add(makeMenuItem("menu.view.zoomout", new ActionListener()
{
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
{
display.zoomOut();
}
}));
mbar.add(menu = makeMenu("menu.help"));
menu.add(makeMenuItem("menu.help.about", new ActionListener()
{
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
{
showAboutPanel();
}
}));
menu.add(makeMenuItem("menu.help.help", new ActionListener()
{
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
{
showHelp();
}
}));
menu.add(makeMenuItem("menu.help.license", new ActionListener()
{
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
{
showLicense();
}
}));
*/
setRunMenuItemsEnabled(true);
setJMenuBar(mbar);
}
private void makeNewGridMenu()
{
newGridMenu.removeAll();
MenuMaker<T> maker = new MenuMaker<T>(this, resources, displayMap);
maker.addConstructors(newGridMenu, gridClasses);
}
/**
* Sets the enabled status of those menu items that are disabled when
* running.
* @param enable true to enable the menus
*/
public void setRunMenuItemsEnabled(boolean enable)
{
for (JMenuItem item : menuItemsDisabledDuringRun)
item.setEnabled(enable);
}
/**
* Brings up a simple dialog with some general information.
*/
private void showAboutPanel()
{
String html = MessageFormat.format(resources
.getString("dialog.about.text"), new Object[]
{ resources.getString("version.id") });
String[] props = { "java.version", "java.vendor", "java.home", "os.name", "os.arch", "os.version", "user.name", "user.home", "user.dir" };
html += "<table border='1'>";
for (String prop : props)
{
try
{
String value = System.getProperty(prop);
html += "<tr><td>" + prop + "</td><td>" + value + "</td></tr>";
}
catch (SecurityException ex)
{
// oh well...
}
}
html += "</table>";
html = "<html>" + html + "</html>";
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, new JLabel(html), resources
.getString("dialog.about.title"),
JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
}
/**
* Brings up a window with a scrolling text pane that display the help
* information.
*/
private void showHelp()
{
JDialog dialog = new JDialog(this, resources
.getString("dialog.help.title"));
final JEditorPane helpText = new JEditorPane();
try
{
URL url = getClass().getResource("GridWorldHelp.html");
helpText.setPage(url);
}
catch (Exception e)
{
helpText.setText(resources.getString("dialog.help.error"));
}
helpText.setEditable(false);
helpText.addHyperlinkListener(new HyperlinkListener()
{
public void hyperlinkUpdate(HyperlinkEvent ev)
{
if (ev.getEventType() == HyperlinkEvent.EventType.ACTIVATED)
try
{
helpText.setPage(ev.getURL());
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
}
}
});
JScrollPane sp = new JScrollPane(helpText);
sp.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(650, 500));
dialog.getContentPane().add(sp);
dialog.setLocation(getX() + getWidth() - 200, getY() + 50);
dialog.pack();
dialog.setVisible(true);
}
/**
* Brings up a dialog that displays the license.
*/
private void showLicense()
{
JDialog dialog = new JDialog(this, resources
.getString("dialog.license.title"));
final JEditorPane text = new JEditorPane();
try
{
URL url = getClass().getResource("GNULicense.txt");
text.setPage(url);
}
catch (Exception e)
{
text.setText(resources.getString("dialog.license.error"));
}
text.setEditable(false);
JScrollPane sp = new JScrollPane(text);
sp.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(650, 500));
dialog.getContentPane().add(sp);
dialog.setLocation(getX() + getWidth() - 200, getY() + 50);
dialog.pack();
dialog.setVisible(true);
}
/**
* Nested class that is registered as the handler for exceptions on the
* Swing event thread. The handler will put up an alert panel and dump the
* stack trace to the console.
*/
public class GUIExceptionHandler
{
public void handle(Throwable e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
JTextArea area = new JTextArea(10, 40);
StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();
e.printStackTrace(new PrintWriter(writer));
area.setText(writer.toString());
area.setCaretPosition(0);
String copyOption = resources.getString("dialog.error.copy");
JOptionPane pane = new JOptionPane(new JScrollPane(area),
JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE, JOptionPane.YES_NO_OPTION, null,
new String[]
{ copyOption, resources.getString("cancel") });
pane.createDialog(WorldFrame.this, e.toString()).setVisible(true);
if (copyOption.equals(pane.getValue()))
{
area.setSelectionStart(0);
area.setSelectionEnd(area.getText().length());
area.copy(); // copy to clipboard
}
}
}
}
答案 0 :(得分：0)
制作4“for loops”
即。
for(int i = 0; i<=9; i++){
print(i);
}
在要打印的数字范围内递减或递增。如果你想从10增加到19，那么
for(int i = 10; i<=9; i++){
print(i);
}
此网格世界API应该有所帮助。