我在使用OneToOneField时遇到了一个非常奇怪的问题。我是一个非常简单的模型,如
class Doctor(models.Model):
user = models.OneToOneField(User)
问题在于迁移中的方法RunPython。我编写了一个取决于0001_initial的0002_addusers迁移,代码如下:
class Migration(migrations.Migration):
def create_users(apps, schema_editor):
u = User.objects.create_superuser('admin', 'admin@aaa.com', 'admin')
u.save()
du = User.objects.create_user(username='doc01', password='doc01')
du.save()
def create_doctors(apps, schema_editor):
Doctor = apps.get_model('custom_user', 'Doctor')
du = User.objects.get(username='doc01')
d = Doctor(user=du)
d.save()
dependencies = [
('custom_user', '0001_initial')
]
operations = [
migrations.RunPython(create_users),
migrations.RunPython(create_doctors),
]
对我来说真正奇怪的是,这个非常简单的代码在视图中工作,在shell中工作,除了迁移之外在任何地方都可以工作:)
回溯如下:
line 23, in create_doctors
d = Doctor(user=du)
...
ValueError: Cannot assign "<User: doc01>": "Doctor.user" must be a "User" instance.
非常感谢您的支持!
修改 我找到了解决方案。我只需要调用RunPython
migrations.RunPython(create_users,create_doctor)
如Avinash建议的那样即使没有在课堂外移动函数。
似乎必须将后续函数作为单个RunPython调用的参数调用。
答案 0 :(得分:4)
运行migrations.RunPython(create_users, create_doctor)
的建议答案并不能解决您的问题,只会使其无形。
RunPython的第二个参数是在回滚期间将被调用的函数,这就是为什么它在向上迁移时不会引发任何异常的原因。你从未调用函数create_doctors
。
您的问题是由du
不是User
实例引起的。在不使用apps.get_model
获取模型类时,可能会在迁移中导致此问题。您应该使用以下代码:
class Migration(migrations.Migration):
def create_users(apps, schema_editor):
User = apps.get_model('auth', 'User') # Here you get the user programatically, it is a good practise in migrations
u = User.objects.create_superuser('admin', 'admin@aaa.com', 'admin')
u.save()
du = User.objects.create_user(username='doc01', password='doc01')
du.save()
def create_doctors(apps, schema_editor):
Doctor = apps.get_model('custom_user', 'Doctor')
User = apps.get_model('auth', 'User') # Here you get the user programatically, it is a good practise in migrations
du = User.objects.get(username='doc01')
d = Doctor(user=du)
d.save()
dependencies = [
('custom_user', '0001_initial')
]
operations = [
migrations.RunPython(create_users),
migrations.RunPython(create_doctors),
]
答案 1 :(得分:2)
我认为问题出在您的迁移代码中。在Migration类之外定义方法,然后从migration的RunPython命令调用它。
在迁移文件中尝试以下代码。这将有效。
def create_users(apps, schema_editor):
u = User.objects.create_superuser('admin', 'admin@aaa.com', 'admin')
u.save()
du = User.objects.create_user(username='doc01', password='doc01')
du.save()
def create_doctors(apps, schema_editor):
Doctor = apps.get_model('custom_user', 'Doctor')
du = User.objects.get(username='doc01')
# We can't import the Doctor model directly, But we can create it. Try this -
Doctor.objects.create(user=du)
class Migration(migrations.Migration):
dependencies = [
('custom_user', '0001_initial')
]
operations = [
migrations.RunPython(create_users, create_doctors),
]