我正在尝试编辑其他开发人员的一些代码。一切顺利，直到我收到这个错误：
/ berichten / registreren /的ValueError / 不能指定“你”“：”Bericht.beller“必须是”贝勒“实例。
我将从追溯开始：
Environment:
Request Method: POST
Request URL: http://127.0.0.1:8000/berichten/registreren/
Django Version: 1.4.3
Python Version: 2.7.2
Installed Applications:
('django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.sites',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'south',
'mm')
Installed Middleware:
('django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'mm.middleware.LoginRequiredMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware')
Traceback:
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py" in get_response
111. response = callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/views/generic/base.py" in view
48. return self.dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/views/generic/base.py" in dispatch
69. return handler(request, *args, **kwargs)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/views/generic/edit.py" in post
172. return super(BaseCreateView, self).post(request, *args, **kwargs)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/views/generic/edit.py" in post
137. if form.is_valid():
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/forms/forms.py" in is_valid
124. return self.is_bound and not bool(self.errors)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/forms/forms.py" in _get_errors
115. self.full_clean()
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/forms/forms.py" in full_clean
272. self._post_clean()
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/forms/models.py" in _post_clean
309. self.instance = construct_instance(self, self.instance, opts.fields, opts.exclude)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/forms/models.py" in construct_instance
51. f.save_form_data(instance, cleaned_data[f.name])
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/fields/__init__.py" in save_form_data
454. setattr(instance, self.name, data)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/fields/related.py" in __set__
366. self.field.name, self.field.rel.to._meta.object_name))
Exception Type: ValueError at /berichten/registreren/
Exception Value: Cannot assign "u''": "Bericht.beller" must be a "Beller" instance.
Models.py
class Beller(models.Model):
titel = models.CharField(max_length=10, blank=True)
naam = models.CharField(max_length=30)
voornaam = models.CharField(max_length=30)
bedrijf = models.CharField(max_length=50, blank=True, null=True)
adres = models.CharField(max_length=50)
plaats = models.ForeignKey(Plaats, blank=True, null=True)
telefoon = models.CharField(max_length=20, blank=True)
email = models.EmailField(blank=True)
taal = models.CharField(max_length=1, choices=TAAL)
class Meta:
ordering = ['naam', 'voornaam']
def __unicode__(self):
return u"{0} {1}".format(self.naam, self.voornaam)
class Bericht(models.Model):
klant = models.ForeignKey(Klant)
lijn = models.ForeignKey(Lijn)
contact = models.ForeignKey(Contact)
beller = models.ForeignKey(Beller)
tijdstip = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
bericht = models.TextField(blank=True)
status = models.CharField(max_length=1, choices=BERICHT_STATUS)
gebruiker = models.ForeignKey(User)
forms.py
class BerichtForm(forms.ModelForm):
lijn = forms.ModelChoiceField(queryset=Lijn.objects.filter(datum_tot__exact=None))
contact_naam = forms.CharField(required=True, max_length=50)
contact_pk = forms.CharField(required=True, widget=forms.HiddenInput())
beller = forms.CharField(required=False, max_length=50, widget=forms.HiddenInput())
titel = forms.CharField(required=False, max_length=10)
naam = forms.CharField(required=True, max_length=50)
voornaam = forms.CharField(required=False, max_length=50)
bedrijf = forms.CharField(required=False, max_length=50)
adres = forms.CharField(required=False)
plaats_pk = forms.CharField(required=False, widget=forms.HiddenInput())
plaats = forms.CharField(required=False, max_length=50)
email = forms.EmailField(required=False)
telefoon = forms.CharField(required=False)
taal = forms.CharField(widget=forms.Select(choices=TAAL))
class Meta:
model = Bericht
fields = ('lijn', 'contact_naam', 'beller', 'naam', 'titel', 'voornaam', 'bedrijf', 'adres', 'plaats', 'email', 'telefoon', 'taal', 'bericht',)
views.py
class BerichtCreateView(CreateView):
model = Bericht
template_name = "mm/bericht/form.html"
form_class = BerichtForm
context_object_name = "bericht"
success_url = reverse_lazy('mm-berichten-registreren')
def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
context = super(BerichtCreateView, self).get_context_data(**kwargs)
cb = self.request.GET.get('cb', None)
if cb:
context['cb'] = cb
return context
def get_success_url(self):
if self.cb:
return self.success_url + "?cb=" + self.cb
else:
return self.success_url
def form_valid(self, form):
"""Valideer het formulier, maar voeg eerst de klant toe aan de instance """
self.cb = None
self.object = form.save(commit=False)
self.object.klant = self.object.lijn.klant
# Verwerk contact info
contact_pk = form.cleaned_data['contact_pk']
try:
contact = int(contact_pk)
except:
contact = None
if contact:
self.object.contact = Contact.objects.get(pk=contact)
else:
self.object.contact = Contact()
# Verwerk beller info
beller = form.cleaned_data['beller']
if beller:
try:
beller = Beller.objects.get(pk=beller)
except Beller.DoesNotExist:
beller = Beller()
else:
beller = Beller()
beller.titel = form.cleaned_data['titel']
beller.naam = form.cleaned_data['naam']
beller.voornaam = form.cleaned_data['voornaam']
beller.bedrijf = form.cleaned_data['bedrijf']
beller.adres = form.cleaned_data['adres']
if form.cleaned_data['plaats_pk']:
beller.plaats = Plaats.objects.get(pk=form.cleaned_data['plaats_pk'])
else:
beller.plaats = None
beller.email = form.cleaned_data['email']
beller.telefoon = form.cleaned_data['telefoon']
beller.taal = form.cleaned_data['taal']
beller.save()
#self.object.beller = beller
self.object.gebruiker = self.request.user
self.object.save()
if self.request.POST.get('versturen', None):
self.cb = None
# Verwerk e-mail communicatie
if self.object.contact.contact_medium == 'E':
self.object.send_email()
if self.object.status == "N":
messages.add_message(self.request, messages.WARNING, 'Het bericht kon niet via e-mail worden verstuurd.')
else:
messages.add_message(self.request, messages.SUCCESS, 'Het bericht is verstuurd naar de contactpersoon.')
else:
# Add a callback for print to success url
self.cb = reverse('mm-bericht-afdrukken', args=[self.object.id])
self.object.status = 'P'
else:
self.object.status = 'D'
messages.add_message(self.request, messages.INFO, 'Het bericht is opgeslagen maar is nog niet verstuurd.')
self.object.save()
return super(BerichtCreateView, self).form_valid(form)
如你所见，我正在尝试发送一个Beller（）实例，但事实并非如此。
已经感谢你试图帮助我。
答案 0 :(得分：0)
错误发生在验证期间，而不是form_valid()方法。它正在尝试将字符串验证到beller对象上的“Bericht”字段。 Django这样做是因为它被告知是应该随模型自动保存的字段之一。
在BerichtForm元数据的字段中，只包含您希望使用直接从HTML获取的数据填充的Bericht上存在的字段。类似的东西：
class Meta:
model = Bericht
fields = ('lijn', 'tijdstip', 'bericht')
PS：可能有帮助的另一条信息是请求的POST正文的内容。