Question

我在django中创建了一些模型来代表新闻文章，作者和每篇文章的地理焦点。我需要文章和作者之间的多对多关系，以及文章和位置之间的一对多关系，其中每个位置可以有多个文章，但反之亦然。我尝试了各种方法但每次在Django中运行迁移时都会出现以下错误：

django.db.utils.ProgrammingError: multiple default values specified for column "id" of table "location"

生成表格的代码如下：

from django.contrib.gis.db import models

class Article(models.Model):
    article_id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
    article_title = models.CharField(max_length=200, unique_for_date="pub_date")
    pub_date = models.DateTimeField('date published')
    article_summary = models.TextField()
    title_id = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    section_id = models.CharField(max_length=200)

    def __unicode__(self):
        return u'%s %s' % (self.article_title, self.pub_date)        
    class Meta:
        db_table = 'article'


class Author(models.Model):
    author_id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
    articles = models.ManyToManyField(Article)
    first_name = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    last_name = models.CharField(max_length=200)

    def __unicode__(self):
        return u'%s %s %s' % (self.articles, self.first_name, self.last_name)   

    class Meta:
        db_table = 'author'

class Location(models.Model):
    location_id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
    lat = models.FloatField()
    lon = models.FloatField()
    local = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    city = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    region = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    country = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    continent = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    article = models.ForeignKey(Article, default=0)

    def __unicode__(self):
        return u'%s %s %s' % (self.location_id, self.lat, self.lon)

    class Meta:
        db_table = 'location'

我认为这是相对简单的事情，但在过去的几天里它已经逃过了我。如果您需要更多信息，请与我们联系。

这是我现在使用的模型代码，但仍然存在上述相同的问题：

from django.contrib.gis.db import models

class Author(models.Model):
    first_name = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    last_name = models.CharField(max_length=200)

    def __unicode__(self):
        return u'%s %s' % (self.first_name, self.last_name)          
    class Meta:
        db_table = 'author'


class Location(models.Model):
    lat = models.FloatField()
    lon = models.FloatField()
    local = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    city = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    region = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    country = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    continent = models.CharField(max_length=200)

    def __unicode__(self):
        return u'%s %s' % (self.lat, self.lon)       
    class Meta:
        db_table = 'location'


class Article(models.Model):
    authors = models.ManyToManyField(Author)
    location = models.ForeignKey(Location)
    article_title = models.CharField(max_length=200, unique_for_date="pub_date")
    pub_date = models.DateTimeField('date published')
    article_summary = models.TextField()
    title_id = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    section_id = models.CharField(max_length=200)

    def __unicode__(self):
        return u'%s %s' % (self.article_title, self.pub_date)        
    class Meta:
        db_table = 'article'

Answer 1

如果一篇文章可以包含许多作者和一个位置，那么您需要的是与作者和具有位置的外键的多对多关系。

class Article(models.Model):
    article_id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
    authors = models.ManytoManyField(Author)
    location = models.ForeignKey(Location)
    article_title = models.CharField(max_length=200, unique_for_date="pub_date")
    pub_date = models.DateTimeField('date published')
    article_summary = models.TextField()
    title_id = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    section_id = models.CharField(max_length=200)

您不需要位置中的文章ID。

class Location(models.Model):
    location_id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
    lat = models.FloatField()
    lon = models.FloatField()
    local = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    city = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    region = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    country = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    continent = models.CharField(max_length=200)

还值得注意的是，您不必为模型创建一个ID（它们是自动创建的），除非您想为模型ID使用除简单整数之外的其他内容。

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