我不想让这篇文章变得很长,所以我直接找到了我不理解的部分
这是我从here获得的代码 我做了我自己的应用程序,但我做了最糟糕的方式!
# Tcp Chat server
import socket, select
#Function to broadcast chat messages to all connected clients
def broadcast_data (sock, message):
#Do not send the message to master socket and the client who has send us the message
for socket in CONNECTION_LIST:
if socket != server_socket and socket != sock :
try :
socket.send(message)
except :
# broken socket connection may be, chat client pressed ctrl+c for example
socket.close()
CONNECTION_LIST.remove(socket)
if __name__ == "__main__":
# List to keep track of socket descriptors
CONNECTION_LIST = []
RECV_BUFFER = 4096 # Advisable to keep it as an exponent of 2
PORT = 5000
server_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
# this has no effect, why ?
server_socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
server_socket.bind(('', PORT))
6.listen(10)
# Add server socket to the list of readable connections
CONNECTION_LIST.append(server_socket)
print "Chat server started on port " + str(PORT)
while 1:
# Get the list sockets which are ready to be read through select
read_sockets,write_sockets,error_sockets = select.select(CONNECTION_LIST,[],[])
for sock in read_sockets:
#New connection
if sock == server_socket:
# Handle the case in which there is a new connection recieved through server_socket
sockfd, addr = server_socket.accept()
CONNECTION_LIST.append(sockfd)
print "Client (%s, %s) connected" % addr
broadcast_data(sockfd, "[%s:%s] entered room\n" % addr)
#Some incoming message from a client
else:
# Data recieved from client, process it
try:
#In Windows, sometimes when a TCP program closes abruptly,
# a "Connection reset by peer" exception will be thrown
data = sock.recv(RECV_BUFFER)
if data:
broadcast_data(sock, "\r" + '<' + str(sock.getpeername()) + '> ' + data)
except:
broadcast_data(sock, "Client (%s, %s) is offline" % addr)
print "Client (%s, %s) is offline" % addr
sock.close()
CONNECTION_LIST.remove(sock)
continue
server_socket.close()
我不明白使用select的部分并添加新的连接,每次应用尝试连接时,猜测(myport,myip)都会创建一个新的描述符,并且此方法会尝试得到连接()ed人?你能解释一下吗? 我不知道为什么服务器套接字附加到套接字以及为什么传递给选择!我已经阅读了this,但我仍然不明白
我也不明白为什么if sock == server_socket:
意味着有一个新的联系,我认为它是因为我还没有理解选择
答案 0 :(得分:1)
Select()(就像C中的select()函数)有些神奇。它使您可以等待事件,而无需占用计算机的CPU。
在您的情况下,事件是套接字的输入和输出操作。想象一下,你在关门前等待(&#39;你是CPU)。如果可以做一些有用的事情,那么(正确的)门会打开。每扇门都通向一个I / O操作,该操作被添加到CONNECTION_LIST。
等待时,CPU不会花时间在你的程序上。无论哪个门首先打开,都会唤醒CPU,并让您处理数据。
注意:在Linux中,select()适用于所有文件操作(例如,在本例中为套接字)。在Windows中,这仅适用于套接字。
注意2:虽然套接字工作正常,但我更喜欢回调机制,例如来自gio库的iowatch(glib的一部分)。这些将在需要操作时调用函数。