从嵌套的SpatialPolygonsDataFrame中提取父多边形或从父多边形中“解散”孔

时间:2015-04-02 19:48:05

标签: r spatial rgdal sp maptools

编辑经过更多的研究,仍然没有解决方案,我正在添加一个实质性的编辑以及.shp文件的链接。

The shape file is included here

我有一个包含9个多边形的SpatialPolygonsDataFrame,每个多边形还包含多个嵌套多边形 - '孔'。数据摘要在这里。

> summary(data)
Object of class SpatialPolygonsDataFrame
Coordinates:
        min       max
x  483298.9  643204.4
y 4782172.1 4997248.3
Is projected: TRUE 
proj4string :
[+proj=utm +zone=12 +datum=WGS84 +units=m +no_defs +ellps=WGS84 +towgs84=0,0,0]
Data attributes:
       Id          IndID  
 Min.   :0   BHS_011_A:1  
 1st Qu.:0   BHS_015_A:1  
 Median :0   BHS_083_A:1  
 Mean   :0   BHS_089_A:1  
 3rd Qu.:0   BHS_091_A:1  
 Max.   :0   BHS_129_A:1  
             (Other)  :3  

下面是structure数据的样本。

Formal class 'SpatialPolygonsDataFrame' [package "sp"] with 5 slots
  ..@ data       :'data.frame': 9 obs. of  2 variables:
  .. ..$ Id   : int [1:9] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
  .. ..$ IndID: Factor w/ 9 levels "BHS_011_A","BHS_015_A",..: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
  ..@ polygons   :List of 9
  .. ..$ :Formal class 'Polygons' [package "sp"] with 5 slots
  .. .. .. ..@ Polygons :List of 5
  .. .. .. .. ..$ :Formal class 'Polygon' [package "sp"] with 5 slots
  .. .. .. .. .. .. ..@ labpt  : num [1:2] 513497 4986246
  .. .. .. .. .. .. ..@ area   : num 76614017
  .. .. .. .. .. .. ..@ hole   : logi FALSE
  .. .. .. .. .. .. ..@ ringDir: int 1
  .. .. .. .. .. .. ..@ coords : num [1:287, 1:2] 509244 507384 507214 507010 506899 ...
  .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..$ : NULL
  .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..$ : chr [1:2] "x" "y"
  .. .. .. .. ..$ :Formal class 'Polygon' [package "sp"] with 5 slots
  .. .. .. .. .. .. ..@ labpt  : num [1:2] 509678 4979511
  .. .. .. .. .. .. ..@ area   : num 1462398
  .. .. .. .. .. .. ..@ hole   : logi TRUE
  .. .. .. .. .. .. ..@ ringDir: int -1
  .. .. .. .. .. .. ..@ coords : num [1:7, 1:2] 509301 509269 509194 509007 509412 ...
  .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..$ : NULL
  .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..$ : chr [1:2] "x" "y"
  .. .. .. .. ..$ :Formal class 'Polygon' [package "sp"] with 5 slots
  .. .. .. .. .. .. ..@ labpt  : num [1:2] 515572 4988493
  .. .. .. .. .. .. ..@ area   : num 1579348
  .. .. .. .. .. .. ..@ hole   : logi TRUE
  .. .. .. .. .. .. ..@ ringDir: int -1
  .. .. .. .. .. .. ..@ coords : num [1:10, 1:2] 514520 514570 514684 516501 515996 ...
  .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..$ : NULL
  .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..$ : chr [1:2] "x" "y"

如下例所示(九个中的一个),父多边形有多个孔。

data <- readOGR(".", "IndLineBuff")
plot(data[data$IndID == "MTG_005_A",])

enter image description here

这是我第一次涉及sp()rgdal()rgeos()和其他空间套餐,我发现了一些有关使用运营商提取区域的有用帖子,等等,但问题仍然存在。虽然this post提供了接近的解决方案,但我似乎无法调整代码以满足此处描述的需求。

我想获得一个SpatialPolygonsDataFrame,它只包含每组子列表中的父(最大)多边形(即data @ polygon)。看起来我应该能够只提取父多边形或者解析&#39;洞。

最终出来的将是9个多边形,每个多边形都是9个列表的父级,我可以将其导出为ESRI shapefile。

任何建议都将不胜感激。

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:3)

以下黑客可能有效:

data@polygons = lapply(data@polygons, function(x) { x@Polygons = x@Polygons[1]; x})
plot(data[data$IndID == "MTG_005_A",])

在你的情况下,似乎你已经缓冲了线性特征左右,并希望摆脱多边形中的洞。 9个多边形中的每一个似乎都由主多边形和一组整体组成。该函数选择此列表的第一个,返回所需的列表列表。要了解课程结构,请仔细研究?"SpatialPolygons-class"?"Polygons-class"?"Polygon-class"

答案 1 :(得分:3)

当我第一次了解sp及相关包装时,我发现Barry Rowlingson的网站非常有用。

它包括:

提出你的问题,它很混乱,因为你正在处理事物清单列表,但它可以完成。

以下代码似乎有效(我已经在我已经测试过的shapefile上测试了它(一个),而不是下载你的)。如果在读完后将NSWACTA替换为shapefile的名称, 将适用于您的案例。虽然没有承诺:-)。

第一部分是介绍性的,以显示所有类列表列表的内容。希望这可以帮助你弄清楚发生了什么。它是dropHole函数,它的方法实际上是你想要的。

class(NSWACTA)
# NSWACTA has class sp::SpatialPolygonsDataFrame
slotNames(NSWACTA)
# The SpatialPolygonsDataFrame has a slot called @polygons
class(NSWACTA@polygons)
# The @polgyons slot contains a list
class(NSWACTA@polygons[[1]])
# Elements of that list are of class sp::Polygons 
slotNames(NSWACTA@polygons[[1]])
# An sp::Polygons class has several slots, one of which is @Polygons
class(NSWACTA@polygons[[1]]@Polygons)
# The @Polygons slot contains a list
class(NSWACTA@polygons[[1]]@Polygons[[1]])
# The entries in the @Polygons list are of class sp::Polygon
slotNames(NSWACTA@polygons[[1]]@Polygons[[1]])
# An sp::Polygon has several slots. 
# @coords holds the coordinates which define the boundary.
# @hole is a logical field indicating whether or not the sp::Polygon is a hole 

setGeneric('dropHole',def=function(poly, ...){
  standardGeneric('dropHole')
})

# Drop a single sp::Polygon if it is holey
setMethod('dropHole',signature=signature('Polygon'),
          def=function(poly) {
            #return only Polygons which are not holes
            if (poly@hole) NULL else poly
          }
          )

# Drop holey sp::Polygon entries in the @Polygons list of an sp::Polygons class
setMethod('dropHole', signature = signature('Polygons'),
          def = function(poly) {
            noHoles <- lapply(poly@Polygons, dropHole)
            #Remove the NULL entries from the list
            noHoles <- Filter(Negate(is.null), noHoles)
            # Turn back into a (single) Polygons
            # The generator function (sp::Polygons) fills in the other slots!
            # return the new sp:Polygons object
            sp::Polygons(noHoles, ID = poly@ID)
          }
          )

# Drop holey parts of sp::Polygons in the @polygons list 
# of an sp::SpatialPolygonsDataFrame
setMethod('dropHole', signature = signature('SpatialPolygonsDataFrame'),
          def = function(poly) {
            noHoles <- lapply(poly@polygons, dropHole)
            # Put the un holey Polygons list back into the @polygons slot 
            poly@polygons <- noHoles
            #return the modified SpatialPolygonsDataFrame 
            poly
          }
          )

newmap <- dropHole(NSWACTA)

这是第一部分的输出。 注意注意名称中大写和小写之间的区别,以及单数和复数之间的差异! (即多边形,多边形和多边形)

d> class(NSWACTA)
[1] "SpatialPolygonsDataFrame"
attr(,"package")
[1] "sp"
d> # NSWACTA has class sp::SpatialPolygonsDataFrame
d> slotNames(NSWACTA)
[1] "data"        "polygons"    "plotOrder"   "bbox"        "proj4string"
d> # The SpatialPolygonsDataFrame has a slot called @polygons
d> class(NSWACTA@polygons)
[1] "list"
d> # The @polgyons slot contains a list
d> class(NSWACTA@polygons[[1]])
[1] "Polygons"
attr(,"package")
[1] "sp"
d> # Elements of that list are of class sp::Polygons 
d> slotNames(NSWACTA@polygons[[1]])
[1] "Polygons"  "plotOrder" "labpt"     "ID"        "area"     
d> # An sp::Polygons class has several slots, one of which is @Polygons
d> class(NSWACTA@polygons[[1]]@Polygons)
[1] "list"
d> # The @Polygons slot contains a list
d> class(NSWACTA@polygons[[1]]@Polygons[[1]])
[1] "Polygon"
attr(,"package")
[1] "sp"
d> # The entries in the @Polygons list are of class sp::Polygon
d> slotNames(NSWACTA@polygons[[1]]@Polygons[[1]])
[1] "labpt"   "area"    "hole"    "ringDir" "coords" 
d> # An sp::Polygon has several slots. 
d> # @coords holds the coordinates which define the boundary.
d> # @hole is a logical field indicating whether or not the sp::Polygon is a hole