我是画布的新手,我想把我的DOM(HTML + JS)动画移到画布上。我试图模仿Basic animations - Web API Interfaces | MDN中的太阳系动画,我设法做到了。 Fiddle
我对globalCompositeOperation
有疑问。在动画中,地球正在投射阴影(低不透明度矩形),当月亮围绕这个黑暗区域运行时,月亮应位于阴影矩形之下。如果我使用
context.globalCompositeOperation = 'destination-over';
在draw
函数的顶部,我得到了预期的结果(fiddle),但是月亮和地球在轨道线下旋转。我不希望这样。我希望地球和月球都在轨道线上方,月亮在阴影矩形之下。有没有办法做到这一点?如果没有,我将不得不摆脱阴影。
我在代码中没有使用context.save()
和context.restore()
,尽管它们用在原始动画中。我不熟悉他们。可能与我的问题有关......
var sun = {
radius : 80,
x : 0,
y : 0,
};
var earth = {
radius : 20,
x : sun.radius + 80,
y : 0,
angle : 0,
};
var moon = {
radius : 8,
x : 50,
y : 0,
angle : 0,
};
function draw() {
var canvas = document.getElementById("canvas");
var context = canvas.getContext("2d");
context.resetTransform();
context.clearRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height)
context.translate(canvas.width/2, canvas.height/2);
// sun
context.beginPath();
context.arc(0, 0, sun.radius, 0, 360 * Math.PI/180, false);
context.fillStyle = "yellow";
context.fill();
// sun orbit
context.beginPath();
context.arc(0, 0, earth.x, 0, Math.PI*2, false);
context.strokeStyle = "rgba(180,150,0,.25)";
context.stroke();
// earth
earth.angle += .2;
if (earth.angle == 360) {
earth.angle = 0;
}
context.globalCompositeOperation = 'source-over'; // earth is above the sun and its orbit
context.rotate(earth.angle * Math.PI/180);
context.translate(earth.x, 0);
context.beginPath();
context.arc(0, 0, earth.radius, 0, 360*(Math.PI/180), false);
context.fillStyle = "royalblue";
context.fill();
context.globalCompositeOperation = 'destination-over'; // earth's orbit and shadow are below the earth
// earth shadow
context.fillStyle = "rgba(0,0,0,0.1)";
context.fillRect(0, -earth.radius, earth.radius*16, earth.radius*2);
// earth orbit
context.beginPath();
context.arc(0, 0, moon.x, 0, Math.PI*2, false);
context.strokeStyle = "rgba(0,0,200,.2)";
context.stroke();
// moon
moon.angle += 1;
if (moon.angle == 360) {
moon.angle = 0;
}
context.globalCompositeOperation = 'source-over'; // moon is above the earth's orbit and shadow
context.rotate(moon.angle * Math.PI/180);
context.translate(moon.x, 0);
context.beginPath();
context.arc(0, 0, moon.radius, 0, 360 * Math.PI/180, false);
context.fillStyle = "silver";
context.fill();
requestAnimationFrame(draw);
}
draw();
html {
background: rgb(230,230,230);
}
canvas {
background: white;
border: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.2);
box-shadow: 0 0 5px rgba(0,0,0,.1);
}
<canvas id="canvas" width="640" height="480"></canvas>
答案 0 :(得分:0)
你只需要改变代码中的事物顺序 - 在这种情况下真的不需要复合模式:
在此更新中,我没有重新计算旋转等,但使用了保存/恢复。
var sun = {
radius : 80,
x : 0,
y : 0,
};
var earth = {
radius : 20,
x : sun.radius + 80,
y : 0,
angle : 0,
};
var moon = {
radius : 8,
x : 50,
y : 0,
angle : 0,
};
var canvas = document.getElementById("canvas");
var context = canvas.getContext("2d");
context.setTransform(1,0,0,1,canvas.width/2, canvas.height/2);
// sun
context.beginPath();
context.arc(0, 0, sun.radius, 0, 360 * Math.PI/180, false);
context.fillStyle = "yellow";
context.fill();
// sun orbit
context.beginPath();
context.arc(0, 0, earth.x, 0, Math.PI*2, false);
context.strokeStyle = "rgba(180,150,0,.25)";
context.stroke();
canvas.style.backgroundImage = "url(" + canvas.toDataURL() + ")";
function draw() {
context.setTransform(1,0,0,1,0,0);
context.clearRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height)
context.setTransform(1,0,0,1,canvas.width/2, canvas.height/2);
// earth
earth.angle += .2;
if (earth.angle == 360) {
earth.angle = 0;
}
context.rotate(earth.angle * Math.PI/180);
context.translate(earth.x, 0);
// earth orbit
context.beginPath();
context.arc(0, 0, moon.x, 0, Math.PI*2, false);
context.strokeStyle = "rgba(0,0,200,.2)";
context.stroke();
// moon
context.save();
moon.angle += 1;
if (moon.angle == 360) {
moon.angle = 0;
}
context.rotate(moon.angle * Math.PI/180);
context.translate(moon.x, 0);
context.beginPath();
context.arc(0, 0, moon.radius, 0, 360 * Math.PI/180, false);
context.fillStyle = "silver";
context.fill();
context.restore();
// earth shadow
context.fillStyle = "rgba(0,0,0,0.1)";
context.fillRect(0, -earth.radius, earth.radius*16, earth.radius*2);
context.beginPath();
context.arc(0, 0, earth.radius, 0, 360*(Math.PI/180), false);
context.fillStyle = "royalblue";
context.fill();
requestAnimationFrame(draw);
}
draw();
&#13;
html {
background: rgb(230,230,230);
}
canvas {
background: white;
border: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.2);
box-shadow: 0 0 5px rgba(0,0,0,.1);
}
&#13;
<canvas id="canvas" width="640" height="480"></canvas>
&#13;