我已经制作了一个声纳查找游戏和一些功能。我把这些函数放到了一个类中，现在我想调用它们以便我可以玩游戏，但是当我定义类调用它现在返回给我的东西就像game.getNewBoard（）接受0位置参数并告诉我我有当我没有时，给它一个，等等。任何帮助，将不胜感激。
# Sonar
import random
import sys
class OceanTreasure:
def drawBoard(board):
# Draw the board data structure.
hline = ' ' # initial space for the numbers down the left side of the board
for i in range(1, 6):
hline += (' ' * 9) + str(i)
# print the numbers across the top
print(hline)
print(' ' + ('0123456789' * 6))
print()
# print each of the 15 rows
for i in range(15):
# single-digit numbers need to be padded with an extra space
if i < 10:
extraSpace = ' '
else:
extraSpace = ''
print('%s%s %s %s' % (extraSpace, i, getRow(board, i), i))
# print the numbers across the bottom
print()
print(' ' + ('0123456789' * 6))
print(hline)
def getRow(board, row):
# Return a string from the board data structure at a certain row.
boardRow = ''
for i in range(60):
boardRow += board[i][row]
return boardRow
def getNewBoard():
# Create a new 60x15 board data structure.
board = []
for x in range(60): # the main list is a list of 60 lists
board.append([])
for y in range(15): # each list in the main list has 15 single-character strings
# I thought about using different char to make it more readble?? Admit it, it looks dull with just these ~
if random.randint(0, 1) == 0:
board[x].append('~')
else:
board[x].append('~')
return board
def getRandomChests(numChests):
# Create a list of chest data structures (two-item lists of x, y int coordinates)
chests = []
for i in range(numChests):
chests.append([random.randint(0, 59), random.randint(0, 14)])
return chests
def isValidMove(x, y):
# Return True if the coordinates are on the board, otherwise False.
return x >= 0 and x <= 59 and y >= 0 and y <= 14
def makeMove(board, chests, x, y):
# Change the board data structure with a sonar device character. Remove treasure chests
# from the chests list as they are found. Return False if this is an invalid move.
# Otherwise, return the string of the result of this move.
if not isValidMove(x, y):
return False
smallestDistance = 100 # any chest will be closer than 100.
for cx, cy in chests:
if abs(cx - x) > abs(cy - y):
distance = abs(cx - x)
else:
distance = abs(cy - y)
if distance < smallestDistance: # we want the closest treasure chest.
smallestDistance = distance
if smallestDistance == 0:
# xy is directly on a treasure chest!
chests.remove([x, y])
return 'You have found a sunken treasure chest!'
else:
if smallestDistance < 10:
board[x][y] = str(smallestDistance)
return 'Treasure detected at a distance of %s from the sonar device.' % (smallestDistance)
else:
board[x][y] = 'O'
return 'Sonar did not detect anything. All treasure chests out of range.'
def enterPlayerMove():
# Let the player type in her move. Return a two-item list of int xy coordinates.
print('Where do you want to drop the next sonar device? (0-59 0-14) (or type quit)')
while True:
move = input()
if move.lower() == 'quit':
print('Thanks for playing!')
sys.exit()
move = move.split()
if len(move) == 2 and move[0].isdigit() and move[1].isdigit() and isValidMove(int(move[0]), int(move[1])):
return [int(move[0]), int(move[1])]
print('Enter a number from 0 to 59, a space, then a number from 0 to 14.')
def playAgain():
# This function returns True if the player wants to play again, otherwise it returns False.
print('Do you want to play again? (yes or no)')
return input().lower().startswith('y')
print('S O N A R !')
print()
while True:
# game setup
game=OceanTreasure()
sonarDevices = 20
theBoard = game.getNewBoard()
theChests = getRandomChests(3)
drawBoard(theBoard)
previousMoves = []
while sonarDevices > 0:
# Start of a turn:
# sonar device/chest status
if sonarDevices > 1: extraSsonar = 's'
else: extraSsonar = ''
if len(theChests) > 1: extraSchest = 's'
else: extraSchest = ''
print('You have %s sonar device%s left. %s treasure chest%s remaining.' % (sonarDevices, extraSsonar, len(theChests), extraSchest))
x, y = enterPlayerMove()
previousMoves.append([x, y]) # we must track all moves so that sonar devices can be updated.
moveResult = makeMove(theBoard, theChests, x, y)
if moveResult == False:
continue
else:
if moveResult == 'You have found a sunken treasure chest!':
# update all the sonar devices currently on the map.
for x, y in previousMoves:
makeMove(theBoard, theChests, x, y)
drawBoard(theBoard)
print(moveResult)
if len(theChests) == 0:
print('You have found all the sunken treasure chests! Congratulations and good game!')
break
sonarDevices -= 1
if sonarDevices == 0:
print('We\'ve run out of sonar devices! Now we have to turn the ship around and head')
print('for home with treasure chests still out there! Game over.')
print(' The remaining chests were here:')
for x, y in theChests:
print(' %s, %s' % (x, y))
if not playAgain():
sys.exit() #I thought this is a better way than just break or make false, correct me if I am wrong
答案 0 :(得分：1)
Python中的每个类方法都会自动接收它作为第一个参数调用的实例。这意味着，第一个参数始终为self：
def drawBoard(self, board):