我尝试使用Tomcat 7（版本3.2.1）在Maven上部署我的网络应用，但在标题中列出了异常。
我尝试过问题解答（tomcat:deploy: "Cannot invoke Tomcat manager: Connection refused"，Tomcat deployement issue in a Maven project）：
settings.xml，pom.xml，tomcat-users.xml）clean install tomcat7:deploy，clean tomcat7:deploy，tomcat7:redeploy，tomcat7:redeploy-only。另外我应该提一下，如果我在没有maven的情况下在服务器上运行应用程序Project > Run As > Run on Server或使用maven tomcat7运行目标，即clean install tomcat7:run，那么一切正常。
这是我在使用tomcat用户时编辑settings.xml，pom.xml，tomcat-users.xml的方式。
tomcat-users.xml：
<tomcat-users>
<role rolename="manager-gui"/>
<role rolename="manager-script"/>
<role rolename="manager-jmx"/>
<role rolename="manager-status"/>
<role rolename="admin-gui"/>
<role rolename="admin-script"/>
<user username="user" password="pass" roles="manager-script"></user>
</tomcat-users>
settings.xml:
<settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd">
<localRepository>${user.home}/.m2/repository</localRepository>
<interactiveMode>true</interactiveMode>
<usePluginRegistry>false</usePluginRegistry>
<offline>false</offline>
<servers>
<server>
<id>apache-tomcat-7</id>
<username>user</username>
<password>pass</password>
</server>
</servers>
</settings>
pom.xml:
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.example.company</groupId>
<artifactId>magazine</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>market Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<build>
<finalName>${project.artifactId}</finalName>
<outputDirectory>${CATALINA_HOME}/webapps/${project.artifactId}/${project.artifactId}</outputDirectory>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
<configuration>
<server>apache-tomcat-7</server>
<url>http://localhost:8080/manager/text</url>
<path>/${project.artifactId}</path>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
...//dependencies
</project>
修改
我的Maven输出目标clean install tomcat7:deploy -e
[INFO] Error stacktraces are turned on.
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] Using the builder org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.builder.singlethreaded.SingleThreadedBuilder with a thread count of 1
[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building market Maven Webapp 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-clean-plugin:2.5:clean (default-clean) @ magazine ---
[INFO] Deleting D:\git\magazine\target
[INFO] Deleting D:\EclipseWorkspace\apache-tomcat-7.0.59\webapps\magazine\magazine
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ magazine ---
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (UTF-8 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] Copying 4 resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ magazine ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[WARNING] File encoding has not been set, using platform encoding UTF-8, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] Compiling 19 source files to D:\EclipseWorkspace\apache-tomcat-7.0.59\webapps\magazine\magazine
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ magazine ---
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (UTF-8 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\git\magazine\src\test\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ magazine ---
[INFO] No sources to compile
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.12.4:test (default-test) @ magazine ---
[INFO] No tests to run.
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-war-plugin:2.4:war (default-war) @ magazine ---
[INFO] Packaging webapp
[INFO] Assembling webapp [magazine] in [D:\git\magazine\target\magazine]
[INFO] Processing war project
[INFO] Copying webapp resources [D:\git\magazine\src\main\webapp]
[INFO] Webapp assembled in [376 msecs]
[INFO] Building war: D:\git\magazine\target\magazine.war
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-install-plugin:2.4:install (default-install) @ magazine ---
[INFO] Installing D:\git\magazine\target\magazine.war to C:\Users\Mark\.m2\repository\ua\khpi\norkin\magazine\0.0.1-SNAPSHOT\magazine-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.war
[INFO] Installing D:\git\magazine\pom.xml to C:\Users\Mark\.m2\repository\ua\khpi\norkin\magazine\0.0.1-SNAPSHOT\magazine-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.pom
[INFO]
[INFO] >>> tomcat7-maven-plugin:2.2:deploy (default-cli) @ magazine >>>
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ magazine ---
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (UTF-8 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] Copying 4 resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ magazine ---
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ magazine ---
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (UTF-8 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\git\magazine\src\test\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ magazine ---
[INFO] No sources to compile
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.12.4:test (default-test) @ magazine ---
[INFO] No tests to run.
[INFO] Skipping execution of surefire because it has already been run for this configuration
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-war-plugin:2.4:war (default-war) @ magazine ---
[INFO] Packaging webapp
[INFO] Assembling webapp [magazine] in [D:\git\magazine\target\magazine]
[INFO] Processing war project
[INFO] Copying webapp resources [D:\git\magazine\src\main\webapp]
[INFO] Webapp assembled in [221 msecs]
[INFO] Building war: D:\git\magazine\target\magazine.war
[INFO]
[INFO] <<< tomcat7-maven-plugin:2.2:deploy (default-cli) @ magazine <<<
[INFO]
[INFO] --- tomcat7-maven-plugin:2.2:deploy (default-cli) @ magazine ---
[INFO] Deploying war to http://localhost:8080/magazine
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD FAILURE
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 10.622 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2015-03-08T11:09:46+02:00
[INFO] Final Memory: 25M/221M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.tomcat.maven:tomcat7-maven-plugin:2.2:deploy (default-cli) on project magazine: Cannot invoke Tomcat manager: Connection refused: connect -> [Help 1]
org.apache.maven.lifecycle.LifecycleExecutionException: Failed to execute goal org.apache.tomcat.maven:tomcat7-maven-plugin:2.2:deploy (default-cli) on project magazine: Cannot invoke Tomcat manager
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:216)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:153)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:145)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:108)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:76)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.builder.singlethreaded.SingleThreadedBuilder.build(SingleThreadedBuilder.java:51)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleStarter.execute(LifecycleStarter.java:116)
at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.doExecute(DefaultMaven.java:361)
at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.execute(DefaultMaven.java:155)
at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.execute(MavenCli.java:584)
at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.doMain(MavenCli.java:213)
at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.main(MavenCli.java:157)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:483)
at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launchEnhanced(Launcher.java:289)
at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launch(Launcher.java:229)
at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.mainWithExitCode(Launcher.java:415)
at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.main(Launcher.java:356)
Caused by: org.apache.maven.plugin.MojoExecutionException: Cannot invoke Tomcat manager
at org.apache.tomcat.maven.plugin.tomcat7.AbstractCatalinaMojo.execute(AbstractCatalinaMojo.java:141)
at org.apache.tomcat.maven.plugin.tomcat7.AbstractWarCatalinaMojo.execute(AbstractWarCatalinaMojo.java:68)
at org.apache.maven.plugin.DefaultBuildPluginManager.executeMojo(DefaultBuildPluginManager.java:133)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:208)
... 19 more
Caused by: java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused: connect
at java.net.DualStackPlainSocketImpl.connect0(Native Method)
at java.net.DualStackPlainSocketImpl.socketConnect(DualStackPlainSocketImpl.java:79)
at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.doConnect(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:345)
at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connectToAddress(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:206)
at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connect(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:188)
at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.connect(PlainSocketImpl.java:172)
at java.net.SocksSocketImpl.connect(SocksSocketImpl.java:392)
at java.net.Socket.connect(Socket.java:589)
at org.apache.http.conn.scheme.PlainSocketFactory.connectSocket(PlainSocketFactory.java:117)
at org.apache.http.impl.conn.DefaultClientConnectionOperator.openConnection(DefaultClientConnectionOperator.java:178)
at org.apache.http.impl.conn.ManagedClientConnectionImpl.open(ManagedClientConnectionImpl.java:304)
at org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultRequestDirector.tryConnect(DefaultRequestDirector.java:610)
at org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultRequestDirector.execute(DefaultRequestDirector.java:445)
at org.apache.http.impl.client.AbstractHttpClient.doExecute(AbstractHttpClient.java:863)
at org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient.execute(CloseableHttpClient.java:82)
at org.apache.tomcat.maven.common.deployer.TomcatManager.invoke(TomcatManager.java:742)
at org.apache.tomcat.maven.common.deployer.TomcatManager.deployImpl(TomcatManager.java:705)
at org.apache.tomcat.maven.common.deployer.TomcatManager.deploy(TomcatManager.java:388)
at org.apache.tomcat.maven.plugin.tomcat7.deploy.AbstractDeployWarMojo.deployWar(AbstractDeployWarMojo.java:85)
at org.apache.tomcat.maven.plugin.tomcat7.deploy.AbstractDeployMojo.invokeManager(AbstractDeployMojo.java:82)
at org.apache.tomcat.maven.plugin.tomcat7.AbstractCatalinaMojo.execute(AbstractCatalinaMojo.java:132)
... 22 more
[ERROR]
[ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging.
[ERROR]
[ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles:
[ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/MojoExecutionException
${CATALINA_HOME}/logs中也没有日志文件 - 我所拥有的是空文件夹。
此外，我之前没有找到${project.dir}/target/tomcat文件夹。
还应该检查this选项吗？