我正在寻找方法来确保我的对象中定义的一组方法都调用特定的方法。为了说明,比方说我有对象A和B,两者都有这样的方法:
class A
def method_a
important_method!
end
end
class B
def method_b
important_method!
end
end
如何轻松确保来自A和method_a
的{{1}}正在调用method_b
?
在这种情况下,important_method!
将来自将包含在A和B中的模块(实际上在它们的公共超类中)。
到目前为止,我尝试将两个对象都包装在定义important_method
的代理中并收集方法调用,但这只会告诉我method_missing
和method_a
被调用。有任何想法吗?
答案 0 :(得分:3)
我的回答最初是使用TracePoint
,但后来我读了@ user2074840如何使用alias
,这让我想到将alias
与caller
结合使用,导致一个非常直接的解决方案。我将下面的内容显示为#2 Use Caller
。
#1使用TracePoint
在Ruby 2.0+中,您可以使用TracePoint来获取所需的信息。 (在早期版本中,您可以使用Kernel#set_trace_point。)
要了解其工作原理,请提供一些示例代码:
def a
puts "a"
c
important
end
def b
puts "b"
important
end
def c
puts "c"
end
def important
puts "important"
end
我们现在设置跟踪,指定两个感兴趣的事件:call
和:return
,以及我们要保存的信息,事件(:call
或{{1 }}和方法(:return
,:a
或:b
):
:c
然后执行代码:
events = []
trace = TracePoint.trace(:call, :return) { |tp|
events << { event: tp.event, method: tp.method_id } }
禁用跟踪:
4.times { send([:a, :b, :c][rand(0..2)]) }
# b
# important
# b
# important
# a
# c
# important
# c
并检查收集的信息:
trace.disable
请注意,这不能在p events
# [{:event=>:call, :method=>:b},
# {:event=>:call, :method=>:important},
# {:event=>:return, :method=>:important},
# {:event=>:return, :method=>:b},
# {:event=>:call, :method=>:b},
# {:event=>:call, :method=>:important},
# {:event=>:return, :method=>:important},
# {:event=>:return, :method=>:b},
# {:event=>:call, :method=>:a},
# {:event=>:call, :method=>:c},
# {:event=>:return, :method=>:c},
# {:event=>:call, :method=>:important},
# {:event=>:return, :method=>:important},
# {:event=>:return, :method=>:a},
# {:event=>:call, :method=>:c},
# {:event=>:return, :method=>:c}]
或IRB
中运行。
我们现在可以按如下方式提取对PRY
的调用:
:important
#2使用来电者
此方法使用def calls_to_method(events, method)
stack = []
events.each_with_object([]) do |h, calling_methods|
stack << h
while stack.size > 1 &&
stack[-1][:event] == :return &&
stack[-2][:event] == :call &&
stack[-1][:method] == stack[-2][:method] do
if (stack.size > 2 && (stack[-1][:method] == method))
calling_methods << stack[-3][:method]
end
stack.pop
stack.pop
end
end
end
calls = calls_to_method(events, :important)
#=> [:b, :b, :a]
calls.uniq
#=> [:b, :a]
和Kernel#caller:
alias
以下是@calling_methods = []
alias :old_important :important
def important
@calling_methods << caller.first[/`(.*)'/,1]
old_important
end
4.times { send([:a, :b, :c][rand(0..2)]) }
# b
# important
# c
# a
# c
# important
# a
# c
# important
# b
# a
# a
p @calling_methods
#=> ["b", "a", "a"]
返回的数组示例:
caller
它只是我们使用的第一个元素:
caller
#=> ["abc.rb:9:in `b'",
# "abc.rb:32:in `block in <main>'",
# "abc.rb:32:in `times'",
# "abc.rb:32:in `<main>'"]
我们应用正则表达式来提取方法名称,前面是caller.first
#=> "abc.rb:9:in `b'",
&#39;`(Ascii 96),然后是单引号。
答案 1 :(得分:1)
我已经玩了一点。您对此类解决方案有何看法?
module CallImportantMethod
def important_method!
puts 'Important Method called!'
end
def self.included(base)
base.instance_methods(false).each do |method_name|
base.class_eval do
alias_method :"old_#{method_name}", method_name
end
base.class_eval <<-eoruby
def #{method_name}(*args, &block)
important_method!
old_#{method_name}(*args, &block)
end
eoruby
end
end
end
class SomeClass
def testing
puts 'My Method was called'
end
def testing_with_args(a,b)
puts a + b
end
def testing_with_block
yield
end
include CallImportantMethod
end
i = SomeClass.new
i.testing
# => Important Method called!
# => My Method was called
i.testing_with_args(5,8)
# => Important Method called!
# => 13
i.testing_with_block { puts 'passing block...' }
# => Important Method called!
# => passing block...