我有兴趣计算沿自定义方向（alpha）的多边形内的最大距离。
以下链接解决了我的问题。 https://gis.stackexchange.com/questions/32552/how-to-calculate-the-maximum-distance-within-a-polygon-in-x-direction-east-west。 （第一个答案：实施R代码以执行计算并创建插图）
唯一的缺点是我必须在运行脚本之前旋转我的Polygon，因为它在x方向找到最大值。
该脚本还绘制了多边形，其中x轴的最大距离。
由于我没有成功编辑绘图功能，有没有办法旋转绘图以便为找到的最大距离和自定义方向设置相同的方向？
谢谢
- 可重复的例子---
我使用我的多边形添加以下行（x，y坐标以alpha = 30度旋转，与第一个答案的作者建议的方式相同）。
# --- modified lines ------
x <- c(29, -3, -9, -33, -11, -3, 30)
y <- c(13, -38, -37, -22, 32, 39, 13)
df = data.frame(x,y)
p.raw = list(cbind(x=df$x, y=df$y))
#scale <- 10
#p.raw = list(scale * cbind(x=c(0:10,7,6,0), y=c(3,0,0,-1,-1,-1,0,-0.5,0.75,1,4,1.5,0.5,3)),
# scale *cbind(x=c(1,1,2.4,2,4,4,4,4,2,1), y=c(0,1,2,1,1,0,-0.5,1,1,0)),
# scale *cbind(x=c(6,7,6,6), y=c(.5,2,3,.5)))
#p.raw = list(cbind(x=c(0,2,1,1/2,0), y=c(0,0,2,1,0)))
#p.raw = list(cbind(x=c(0, 35, 100, 65, 0), y=c(0, 50, 100, 50, 0)))
# --- modified lines ------
到上一个链接的R脚本。
#
# Plotting functions.
#
points.polygon <- function(p, ...) {
points(p$v, ...)
}
plot.polygon <- function(p, ...) {
apply(p$e, 1, function(e) lines(matrix(e[c("x.min", "x.max", "y.min", "y.max")], ncol=2), ...))
}
expand <- function(bb, e=1) {
a <- matrix(c(e, 0, 0, e), ncol=2)
origin <- apply(bb, 2, mean)
delta <- origin %*% a - origin
t(apply(bb %*% a, 1, function(x) x - delta))
}
#
# Convert polygon to a better data structure.
#
# A polygon class has three attributes:
# v is an array of vertex coordinates "x" and "y" sorted by increasing y;
# e is an array of edges from (x.min, y.min) to (x.max, y.max) with y.max >= y.min, sorted by y.min;
# bb is its rectangular extent (x0,y0), (x1,y1).
#
as.polygon <- function(p) {
#
# p is a list of linestrings, each represented as a sequence of 2-vectors
# with coordinates in columns "x" and "y".
#
f <- function(p) {
g <- function(i) {
v <- p[(i-1):i, ]
v[order(v[, "y"]), ]
}
sapply(2:nrow(p), g)
}
vertices <- do.call(rbind, p)
edges <- t(do.call(cbind, lapply(p, f)))
colnames(edges) <- c("x.min", "x.max", "y.min", "y.max")
#
# Sort by y.min.
#
vertices <- vertices[order(vertices[, "y"]), ]
vertices <- vertices[!duplicated(vertices), ]
edges <- edges[order(edges[, "y.min"]), ]
# Maintaining an extent is useful.
bb <- apply(vertices <- vertices[, c("x","y")], 2, function(z) c(min(z), max(z)))
# Package the output.
l <- list(v=vertices, e=edges, bb=bb); class(l) <- "polygon"
l
}
#
# Compute the maximal horizontal interior segments of a polygon.
#
fetch.x <- function(p) {
#
# Update moves the line from the previous level to a new, higher level, changing the
# state to represent all edges originating or strictly passing through level `y`.
#
update <- function(y) {
if (y > state$level) {
state$level <<- y
#
# Remove edges below the new level from state$current.
#
current <- state$current
current <- current[current[, "y.max"] > y, ]
#
# Adjoin edges at this level.
#
i <- state$i
while (i <= nrow(p$e) && p$e[i, "y.min"] <= y) {
current <- rbind(current, p$e[i, ])
i <- i+1
}
state$i <<- i
#
# Sort the current edges by x-coordinate.
#
x.coord <- function(e, y) {
if (e["y.max"] > e["y.min"]) {
((y - e["y.min"]) * e["x.max"] + (e["y.max"] - y) * e["x.min"]) / (e["y.max"] - e["y.min"])
} else {
min(e["x.min"], e["x.max"])
}
}
if (length(current) > 0) {
x.array <- apply(current, 1, function(e) x.coord(e, y))
i.x <- order(x.array)
current <- current[i.x, ]
x.array <- x.array[i.x]
#
# Scan and mark each interval as interior or exterior.
#
status <- FALSE
interior <- numeric(length(x.array))
for (i in 1:length(x.array)) {
if (current[i, "y.max"] == y) {
interior[i] <- TRUE
} else {
status <- !status
interior[i] <- status
}
}
#
# Simplify the data structure by retaining the last value of `interior`
# within each group of common values of `x.array`.
#
interior <- sapply(split(interior, x.array), function(i) rev(i)[1])
x.array <- sapply(split(x.array, x.array), function(i) i[1])
print(y)
print(current)
print(rbind(x.array, interior))
markers <- c(1, diff(interior))
intervals <- x.array[markers != 0]
#
# Break into a list structure.
#
if (length(intervals) > 1) {
if (length(intervals) %% 2 == 1)
intervals <- intervals[-length(intervals)]
blocks <- 1:length(intervals) - 1
blocks <- blocks - (blocks %% 2)
intervals <- split(intervals, blocks)
} else {
intervals <- list()
}
} else {
intervals <- list()
}
#
# Update the state.
#
state$current <<- current
}
list(y=y, x=intervals)
} # Update()
process <- function(intervals, x, y) {
# intervals is a list of 2-vectors. Each represents the endpoints of
# an interior interval of a polygon.
# x is an array of x-coordinates of vertices.
#
# Retains only the intervals containing at least one vertex.
between <- function(i) {
1 == max(mapply(function(a,b) a && b, i[1] <= x, x <= i[2]))
}
is.good <- lapply(intervals$x, between)
list(y=y, x=intervals$x[unlist(is.good)])
#intervals
}
#
# Group the vertices by common y-coordinate.
#
vertices.x <- split(p$v[, "x"], p$v[, "y"])
vertices.y <- lapply(split(p$v[, "y"], p$v[, "y"]), max)
#
# The "state" is a collection of segments and an index into edges.
# It will updated during the vertical line sweep.
#
state <- list(level=-Inf, current=c(), i=1, x=c(), interior=c())
#
# Sweep vertically from bottom to top, processing the intersection
# as we go.
#
mapply(function(x,y) process(update(y), x, y), vertices.x, vertices.y)
}
# --- modified lines ------
x <- c(29, -3, -9, -33, -11, -3, 30)
y <- c(13, -38, -37, -22, 32, 39, 13)
df = data.frame(x,y)
p.raw = list(cbind(x=df$x, y=df$y))
#scale <- 10
#p.raw = list(scale * cbind(x=c(0:10,7,6,0), y=c(3,0,0,-1,-1,-1,0,-0.5,0.75,1,4,1.5,0.5,3)),
# scale *cbind(x=c(1,1,2.4,2,4,4,4,4,2,1), y=c(0,1,2,1,1,0,-0.5,1,1,0)),
# scale *cbind(x=c(6,7,6,6), y=c(.5,2,3,.5)))
#p.raw = list(cbind(x=c(0,2,1,1/2,0), y=c(0,0,2,1,0)))
#p.raw = list(cbind(x=c(0, 35, 100, 65, 0), y=c(0, 50, 100, 50, 0)))
# --- modified lines ------
p <- as.polygon(p.raw)
results <- fetch.x(p)
#
# Find the longest.
#
dx <- matrix(unlist(results["x", ]), nrow=2)
length.max <- max(dx[2,] - dx[1,])
#
# Draw pictures.
#
segment.plot <- function(s, length.max, colors, ...) {
lapply(s$x, function(x) {
col <- ifelse (diff(x) >= length.max, colors[1], colors[2])
lines(x, rep(s$y,2), col=col, ...)
})
}
gray <- "#f0f0f0"
grayer <- "#d0d0d0"
plot(expand(p$bb, 1.1), type="n", xlab="x", ylab="y", main="After the Scan")
sapply(1:length(p.raw), function(i) polygon(p.raw[[i]], col=c(gray, "White", grayer)[i]))
apply(results, 2, function(s) segment.plot(s, length.max, colors=c("Red", "#b8b8a8"), lwd=4))
plot(p, col="Black", lty=3)
points(p, pch=19, col=round(2 + 2*p$v[, "y"]/scale, 0))
points(p, cex=1.25)
结果图显示了x轴方向上红色段的最大距离。因为我需要它在原始方向（向后旋转30度），我正在寻找最大距离x，y坐标，以通过-alpha执行反向旋转。
我从：
得到最大距离段x坐标 dx <- matrix(unlist(results["x", ]), nrow=2)
length.max <- max(dx[2,] - dx[1,])
我无法获得y坐标。
apply(results, 2, function(s) segment.plot(s, length.max, colors=c("Red", "#b8b8a8"), lwd=2))
所以，我正在寻找一种通过alpha旋转结果绘图轴的方法。
答案 0 :(得分：1)
我从?polygon获取了一个小例子多边形。试试这个来旋转它
x <- c(1:9, 8:1)
y <- c(1, 2*(5:3), 2, -1, 17, 9, 8, 2:9)
# plot(x, y)
# polygon(x, y)
vertices <- matrix(c(x, y), byrow = T, nrow = 2)
rotate <- function(point, theta, degree = F) {
if (degree) theta <- theta * pi / 180
rotate.matrix <- matrix(c(cos(theta), -sin(theta), sin(theta), cos(theta)), byrow = T, nrow = 2)
rotate.point <- rotate.matrix %*% point
rotate.point
}
rotate.vertices <- apply(vertices, 2, rotate, theta = 1.3)
# plot(rotate.vertices[1, ], rotate.vertices[2, ], xlim = c(-20, 20), ylim = c(-20, 20))
# polygon(rotate.vertices[1, ], rotate.vertices[2, ])
theta参数是旋转多边形的角度。如果您更喜欢度数到弧度，请务必设置degree = T。