我遇到了一种我无法以直观的方式禁止警告的情况,因为perl正在调用内置函数。 e.g。
use strict;
use warnings;
{
no warnings 'substr'; # no effect
foo(substr('123', 4, 6)); # out of range but shouldn't emit a warning
}
sub foo {
my $s = shift; # warning reported here
# do something
}
运行此代码会导致
substr outside of string at c:\temp\foo.pl line 10.
为了禁止警告,我必须移动函数内的no warnings 'substr'
。
sub foo {
no warnings 'substr'; # works here, but there's no call to substr
my $s = shift; # no warnings here
# do something
}
我可以看到通过substr
perl -MO=Terse
的调用
LISTOP (0x27dcaa8) leave [1]
OP (0x27a402c) enter
COP (0x27dcac8) nextstate
BINOP (0x27dcb00) leaveloop
LOOP (0x27dcb20) enterloop
LISTOP (0x27dcb68) lineseq
COP (0x27dcb88) nextstate
UNOP (0x27dcbc0) entersub [5] # entry point for foo
UNOP (0x27dcbf4) null [148]
OP (0x27dcbdc) pushmark
LISTOP (0x27dcc48) substr [4] # substr gets called here
OP (0x27dcc30) null [3]
SVOP (0x27dcc84) const [6] PV (0x2319944) "123"
SVOP (0x27dcc68) const [7] IV (0x2319904) 4
SVOP (0x27dcc14) const [8] IV (0x231944c) 6
UNOP (0x27dcca0) null [17]
PADOP (0x27dccf4) gv GV (0x2318e5c) *foo
此优化程序行为是否记录在何处? perlsub
仅提到内联函数的内联。鉴于该警告是在错误的行上报告的,并且no warnings
在正在进行呼叫的词汇范围内工作,我倾向于将此报告为错误,尽管我可以& #39;考虑如何在保留优化的同时合理地修复它。
注意:在Perl 5.16.1下观察到了这种行为。
答案 0 :(得分:8)
这是记录在案的行为(在perldiag中):
字符串
之外的substr(W substr),(F)您试图引用指向的substr() 在字符串之外。也就是说,偏移的绝对值是 大于字符串的长度。见" substr"在perlfunc。 如果在左值上下文中使用substr(如。),则此警告是致命的 作业的左侧是或作为子程序参数 例子)。
强调我的。
将通话更改为
foo(my $o = substr('123', 4, 6));
使警告消失。
将no warnings
移到子网中并不会改变我的行为。你有什么Perl版本? (5.14.4)。
我用于测试的代码:
#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
$| = 1;
print 1, foo(my $s1 = substr('abc', 4, 6));
print 2, bar(my $s2 = substr('def', 4, 6));
{
no warnings 'substr';
print 3, foo(my $s3 = substr('ghi', 4, 6));
print 4, bar(my $s4 = substr('jkl', 4, 6));
print 5, bar(substr('mno', 4, 6)); # Stops here, reports line 12.
print 6, foo(substr('pqr', 4, 6));
}
print "ok\n";
sub foo {
my $s = shift;
}
sub bar {
no warnings 'substr';
my $s = shift;
}
我在5.10.1中获得了相同的行为,但是在5.20.1中,行为如您所述。
答案 1 :(得分:5)
从B :: Terse看到,substr
没有内联。
$ perl -MO=Concise,-exec -e'f(substr($_, 3, 4))'
1 <0> enter
2 <;> nextstate(main 1 -e:1) v:{
3 <0> pushmark s
4 <#> gvsv[*_] s
5 <$> const[IV 3] s
6 <$> const[IV 4] s
7 <@> substr[t4] sKM/3 <-- The substr operator is evaluated first.
8 <#> gv[*f] s/EARLYCV
9 <1> entersub[t5] vKS/TARG <-- The sub call second.
a <@> leave[1 ref] vKP/REFC
-e syntax OK
当substr
被称为左值上下文时,substr
会返回一个神奇的标量,其中包含传递给substr
的操作数。
$ perl -MDevel::Peek -e'$_ = "abcdef"; Dump(${\ substr($_, 3, 4) })'
SV = PVLV(0x2865d60) at 0x283fbd8
REFCNT = 2
FLAGS = (GMG,SMG) <--- Gets and sets are magical.
IV = 0 GMG: A function that mods the scalar
NV = 0 is called before fetches.
PV = 0 SMG: A function is called after the
MAGIC = 0x2856810 scalar is modified.
MG_VIRTUAL = &PL_vtbl_substr
MG_TYPE = PERL_MAGIC_substr(x)
TYPE = x
TARGOFF = 3 <--- substr's second arg
TARGLEN = 4 <--- substr's third arg
TARG = 0x287bfd0 <--- substr's first arg
FLAGS = 0
SV = PV(0x28407f0) at 0x287bfd0 <--- A dump of substr's first arg
REFCNT = 2
FLAGS = (POK,IsCOW,pPOK)
PV = 0x2865d20 "abcdef"\0
CUR = 6
LEN = 10
COW_REFCNT = 1
子程序参数在左值上下文中计算,因为子程序参数总是通过Perl [1] 中的引用传递。
$ perl -E'sub f { $_[0] = "def"; } $x = "abc"; f($x); say $x;'
def
在访问魔法标量时会发生子串操作。
$ perl -E'$x = "abc"; $r = \substr($x, 0, 1); $x = "def"; say $$r;'
d
这样做是为了允许substr(...) = "abc";
@_
的元素是子例程参数的别名。&#34;