我正在尝试在asio中保留已连接客户端的列表。我已经调整了文档(http://www.boost.org/doc/libs/1_57_0/doc/html/boost_asio/example/cpp03/chat/chat_server.cpp)中的聊天服务器示例,这是我最终得到的重要部分:
#include <iostream>
#include <boost/bind.hpp>
#include <boost/shared_ptr.hpp>
#include <boost/enable_shared_from_this.hpp>
#include <boost/asio.hpp>
#include <set>
using boost::asio::ip::tcp;
class tcp_connection;
std::set<boost::shared_ptr<tcp_connection>> clients;
void add_client(boost::shared_ptr<tcp_connection> client)
{
clients.insert(client);
}
class tcp_connection : public boost::enable_shared_from_this<tcp_connection>
{
public:
tcp_connection(boost::asio::io_service& io_service) : socket_(io_service)
{
}
tcp::socket socket_;
void start()
{
add_client(shared_from_this());
}
tcp::socket& socket()
{
return socket_;
}
};
class tcp_server
{
public:
tcp_server(boost::asio::io_service& io_service)
: io_service_(io_service),
acceptor_(io_service, tcp::endpoint(tcp::v4(), 6767))
{
tcp_connection* new_connection = new tcp_connection(io_service_);
acceptor_.async_accept(new_connection->socket(),
boost::bind(&tcp_server::start_accept, this, new_connection,
boost::asio::placeholders::error));
}
private:
void start_accept(tcp_connection* new_connection,
const boost::system::error_code& error)
{
if (!error)
{
new_connection->start();
new_connection = new tcp_connection(io_service_);
acceptor_.async_accept(new_connection->socket(),
boost::bind(&tcp_server::start_accept, this, new_connection,
boost::asio::placeholders::error));
}
}
boost::asio::io_service& io_service_;
tcp::acceptor acceptor_;
};
int main()
{
try
{
boost::asio::io_service io_service;
tcp_server server(io_service);
io_service.run();
}
catch (std::exception& e)
{
std::cerr << "Exception: " << e.what() << "\n";
}
return 0;
}
在调用shared_from_this时,我的服务器崩溃并显示消息“Exception:tr1 :: bad_weak_ptr。”我做了一些搜索,看起来shared_from_this()
非常特别,但我似乎无法找到我需要改变的内容。
答案 0 :(得分:29)
John Zwinck的重要分析是:
错误是您在没有指向它的shared_ptr的对象上使用shared_from_this()。这违反了shared_from_this()的前提条件,即必须已经创建(并且仍然存在)至少一个shared_ptr指向此。
然而,他的建议似乎完全不同于Asio代码中的危险点。
你应该通过 - 确实 - 首先不处理tcp_connection
的原始指针,而是始终使用shared_ptr
来解决这个问题。
boost::bind
具有很强的功能,它可以很好地绑定到shared_ptr<>
,所以只要有一些异步操作在它上面运行,它就会自动保持指向对象的活动。
这 - 在您的示例代码中 - 意味着您不需要clients
向量,与John的回答相反:
void start_accept()
{
tcp_connection::sptr new_connection = boost::make_shared<tcp_connection>(io_service_);
acceptor_.async_accept(new_connection->socket(),
boost::bind(
&tcp_server::handle_accept,
this, new_connection, asio::placeholders::error
)
);
}
void handle_accept(tcp_connection::sptr client, boost::system::error_code const& error)
{
if (!error)
{
client->start();
start_accept();
}
}
我已经提供了一个示例,它使tcp_connection
做了一些简单的工作(它每秒向客户端写入&#39; hello world&#39;直到客户端断开连接。你可以看到正在运行的tcp_connection
操作的析构函数:
<强> Live On Coliru 强>
#include <iostream>
#include <boost/bind.hpp>
#include <boost/make_shared.hpp>
#include <boost/enable_shared_from_this.hpp>
#include <boost/asio.hpp>
#include <boost/thread.hpp>
namespace asio = boost::asio;
using asio::ip::tcp;
class tcp_connection : public boost::enable_shared_from_this<tcp_connection>
{
public:
typedef boost::shared_ptr<tcp_connection> sptr;
tcp_connection(asio::io_service& io_service) : socket_(io_service), timer_(io_service)
{
}
void start()
{
std::cout << "Created tcp_connection session\n";
// post some work bound to this object; if you don't, the client gets
// 'garbage collected' as the ref count goes to zero
do_hello();
}
~tcp_connection() {
std::cout << "Destroyed tcp_connection\n";
}
tcp::socket& socket()
{
return socket_;
}
private:
tcp::socket socket_;
asio::deadline_timer timer_;
void do_hello(boost::system::error_code const& ec = {}) {
if (!ec) {
asio::async_write(socket_, asio::buffer("Hello world\n"),
boost::bind(&tcp_connection::handle_written, shared_from_this(), asio::placeholders::error, asio::placeholders::bytes_transferred)
);
}
}
void handle_written(boost::system::error_code const& ec, size_t /*bytes_transferred*/) {
if (!ec) {
timer_.expires_from_now(boost::posix_time::seconds(1));
timer_.async_wait(boost::bind(&tcp_connection::do_hello, shared_from_this(), asio::placeholders::error));
}
}
};
class tcp_server
{
public:
tcp_server(asio::io_service& io_service)
: io_service_(io_service),
acceptor_(io_service, tcp::endpoint(tcp::v4(), 6767))
{
start_accept();
}
private:
void start_accept()
{
tcp_connection::sptr new_connection = boost::make_shared<tcp_connection>(io_service_);
acceptor_.async_accept(new_connection->socket(),
boost::bind(
&tcp_server::handle_accept,
this, new_connection, asio::placeholders::error
)
);
}
void handle_accept(tcp_connection::sptr client, boost::system::error_code const& error)
{
if (!error)
{
client->start();
start_accept();
}
}
asio::io_service& io_service_;
tcp::acceptor acceptor_;
};
int main()
{
try
{
asio::io_service io_service;
tcp_server server(io_service);
boost::thread(boost::bind(&asio::io_service::run, &io_service)).detach();
boost::this_thread::sleep_for(boost::chrono::seconds(4));
io_service.stop();
}
catch (std::exception& e)
{
std::cerr << "Exception: " << e.what() << "\n";
}
}
典型输出:
sehe@desktop:/tmp$ time (./test& (for a in {1..4}; do nc 127.0.0.1 6767& done | nl&); sleep 2; killall nc; wait)
Created tcp_connection session
Created tcp_connection session
1 Hello world
Created tcp_connection session
2 Hello world
Created tcp_connection session
3 Hello world
4 Hello world
5 Hello world
6 Hello world
7 Hello world
8 Hello world
9 Hello world
10 Hello world
11 Hello world
12 Hello world
13
Destroyed tcp_connection
Destroyed tcp_connection
Destroyed tcp_connection
Destroyed tcp_connection
Destroyed tcp_connection
real 0m4.003s
user 0m0.000s
sys 0m0.015s
答案 1 :(得分:10)
错误是你在没有shared_from_this()
指向它的对象上使用shared_ptr
。这违反了shared_from_this()
的前提条件,即至少有一个shared_ptr
已已创建(并且仍然存在)指向this
。
您遇到麻烦的根本原因似乎是您最初将new
的结果存储在原始指针中。您应该将new
的结果存储在智能指针中(总是基本上)。也许您可以立即将智能指针存储在clients
列表中。
我在评论中提到的另一种方法是完全停止使用shared_from_this()
。你不需要它。至于你提到的这段代码:
if ((boost::asio::error::eof == ec) || (boost::asio::error::connection_reset == ec))
{
clients.erase(shared_from_this());
}
您可以通过以下方式替换它:
if ((boost::asio::error::eof == ec) || (boost::asio::error::connection_reset == ec))
{
boost::shared_ptr<tcp_connection> victim(this, boost::serialization::null_deleter());
clients.erase(victim);
}
也就是说,创建一个“哑”智能指针,它永远不会解除分配(https://stackoverflow.com/a/5233034/4323),但它会为您提供从客户列表中删除它所需的内容。还有其他方法可以做到这一点,例如通过使用比较函数搜索std::set
,该函数接受一个shared_ptr
和一个原始指针,并且知道比较它们指向的地址。
shared_from_this()
的情况,但选择哪种方式并不重要
答案 2 :(得分:3)
// Do not forget to ----v---- publicly inherit :)
class tcp_connection : public boost::enable_shared_from_this<tcp_connection>