所有这些代码在单独运行时功能完美。但是，当我在运行new和fixture选项后选择standings选项时，代码会抛出错误。对此事的任何帮助将不胜感激。
main():
print ("Welcome to Tournament Tracker")
print ("would you like to begin a new tournament (new), input the results of a fixture (fixture) or view the tournament standings(standings)")
#allows the user to choose from several options including accesing an old tournament or creating a new one.
response = input()
#defines a variable "response" which will be checked against predefined, suggested responses using a slection statement
if response == "new":
#selection statment checks if variable "response" is = "new" and, if true, executes the following code
print ("enter in the name of the tournament")
tournamentName = input()
#creates variable tournamentName and sets it to user input
with open(tournamentName + ".txt",mode="w",encoding = "utf-8") as tournamentfile:
pass
#creates file "tournamentName + ".txt""
print ("enter in the number of teams in the tournament")
numberOfTeams = int(input())
allPoints = int(0)
awayPoints = int(0)
#initalises the two variables "allPoints" and "awayPoints" to be written to text file
counter = int(0)
#initialises temporary variable counter to be used for iteration
while counter < numberOfTeams:
# while loop executes the following code unless the condition "counter" < "number of teams"
counter = counter +1
#one is added to the counter to ensure that the condition "counter" < "number of teams" will be met
print ("enter in the name of team {0}".format(counter))
teamName = input()
#asks the user for the name of each team linked to variable counter
print ("Team {0} is {1}".format(counter,teamName))
with open(teamName + "Points.txt", mode="w",encoding="utf-8") as allPointsfile:
allPointsfile.write(str(allPoints))
#creates a txt file based on the variable "teamName", with "Points.txt" appended to it,
#inputted by the user and writes the variable "allPoints" to it
with open(teamName + "AwayPoints.txt", mode = "w",encoding = "utf-8") as awayPointsfile:
awayPointsfile.write(str(awayPoints))
#creates a txt file based on the variable "teamName", with "AwayPoints.txt" appended to it,
#inputted by the user and writes the variable "awayPoints" to it
with open(tournamentName + ".txt", mode="a",encoding="utf-8") as tournamentfile:
tournamentfile.write(teamName +"\n")
tournamentfile.write(str(allPoints) + "\n")
tournamentfile.write(str(awayPoints) + "\n")
#creates a txt file based on the variable "tournamentName", with ".txt" appended to it,
#inputted by the user and writes the variables "teamName", "allPoints" and "awayPoints" to it,
#each on a new line
print("You may now add the results of fixtures")
main()
#informs the user that the next recommended option should be to input the results of a fixture
#and then calls the main function to give the user access to the all the options again
elif response == "fixture":
#selection statment checks if variable "response" is = "fixture" and, if true,then executes the following code
print ("enter in the name of the tournament")
tournamentName = input()
print ("enter in the name of the first (home) team")
teamOne = str(input())
print ("enter in the name of the second (away) team")
teamTwo = str(input())
print ("enter in the number of goals scored by the first team in their home fixture")
teamOneScore = input()
print("enter in the number of goals scored by the second team in the same fixture")
teamTwoScore = input()
#initialises variables "tournamentName", "teamOne", "teamOne", "teamOneScore" and "teamTwoScore"
if teamOneScore > teamTwoScore:
#selection statment checks if the variable "teamOneScore" > "teamTwoScore" and if true, executes the following code
with open(teamOne + "Points.txt", mode="r",encoding="utf-8") as allTeamOnePointsfile:
allTeamOnePoints = allTeamOnePointsfile.read()
if allTeamOnePoints == '':
allTeamOnePoints = 0
allTeamOnePoints = int(allTeamOnePoints) + int(3)
#opens the file " teamOne (variable) + "Points.txt"" in read mode and reads the file. If statement checks if the file is empty
#and sets the value read, defined as "allTeamOnePoints" to 0 to avoid an error. Then adds 3 to "allTeamOnePoints"
with open(teamOne + "Points.txt", mode="w",encoding="utf-8") as allTeamOnePointsfile:
allTeamOnePointsfile.write(str(allTeamOnePoints))
#opens the file " teamOne (variable) + "Points.txt"" in write mode and writes the variable "allTeamOnePoints" to the file.
print("{0} now has {1} points".format(teamOne,allTeamOnePoints))
#outputs the team name and the total number of points that team has
with open(teamTwo + "Points.txt", mode="r",encoding="utf-8") as allTeamTwoPointsfile:
allTeamTwoPoints = allTeamTwoPointsfile.read()
if allTeamTwoPoints == '':
allTeamTwoPoints = 0
#opens the file " teamTwo (variable) + "Points.txt"" in read mode and reads the file. If statement checks if the file is empty
#and sets the value read, defined as "allTeamTwoPoints" to 0 to avoid an error.
print("{0} now has {1} points".format(teamTwo,allTeamTwoPoints))
#outputs the total points for teamTwo
with open(tournamentName + ".txt", mode = "r", encoding = "utf-8") as tournamentFile:
tournamentList1 = tournamentFile.readlines()
tournamentList = [elem.strip("\n")for elem in tournamentList1]
#open the file "tournamentName (variable) + ".txt"" and reads it, with each line defined as a different element of an array
#then strips the ""\n"" from the end of each element and defines the variable "tournamentList"
index = 0
#initialises temporary variable "index"
noOfTeams = int(len(tournamentList))
#initialises variable "noOfTeams" as the length of the arrray "tournamentList"
while index < noOfTeams:
#while loop checks if temporary variable "index" < "noOfTeams"
if teamOne == tournamentList[index]:
tournamentList[index]= teamOne
tournamentList[index+1] = allTeamOnePoints
index = index +1
#selection statement checks if the variable "teamOne" is equal to the index'th element of the array "tournamentList"
#sets variable "teamOne" to the index'th element of array "tournamentList" if the previous condition is true
#sets variable "allTeamOnePoints" to the index'th element of array "tournamentList" if the previous condition is true
#adds 1 to index to allow for iteration
elif teamOne != tournamentList[index]:
index = index +1
#selection statement checks if the variable "teamOne" is equal to the index'th element of the array "tournamentList"
#adds 1 to index to allow for iteration
index2 = 0
#initialises temporary variable "index"
while index2 < noOfTeams:
if teamTwo == tournamentList[index2]:
tournamentList[index2] = teamTwo
tournamentList[index2+1] = allTeamTwoPoints
index2 = index2 +1
#selection statement checks if the variable "teamTwo" is equal to the index2'th element of the array "tournamentList"
#sets variable "teamTwo" to the index'th element of array "tournamentList" if the previous condition is true
#sets variable "allTeamTwoPoints" to the index'th element of array "tournamentList" if the previous condition is true
#adds 1 to index2 to allow for iteration
elif teamTwo != tournamentList[index2]:
index2 = index2 +1
#selection statement checks if the variable "teamTwo" is equal to the index'th element of the array "tournamentList"
#adds 1 to index2 to allow for iteration
with open(tournamentName + ".txt", mode = "w", encoding = "utf-8") as tournamentFile:
for counter in range (len(tournamentList)):
#for loop executes the following code the once for each element in array "tournamentList"
tournamentFile.write(str(tournamentList[counter]) + "\n")
#writes variable "tournamentList" to "tournamentName + ".txt"" using for loop
main()
#calls back the function "main()"
elif teamOneScore == teamTwoScore:
#the following code is very similar to the above code. Please see above code for documentation.
with open(teamOne + "Points.txt", mode="r",encoding="utf-8") as allTeamOnePointsfile:
allTeamOnePoints = allTeamOnePointsfile.read()
if allTeamOnePoints == '':
allTeamOnePoints = 0
allTeamOnePoints = int(allTeamOnePoints) + int(1)
with open(teamOne + "Points.txt", mode="w",encoding="utf-8") as allTeamOnePointsfile:
allTeamOnePointsfile.write(str(allTeamOnePoints))
print("{0} now has {1} points".format(teamOne,allTeamOnePoints))
with open(teamTwo + "Points.txt", mode="r",encoding="utf-8") as allTeamTwoPointsfile:
allTeamTwoPoints = allTeamTwoPointsfile.read()
if allTeamTwoPoints == '':
allTeamTwoPoints = 0
allTeamTwoPoints = int(allTeamTwoPoints) + int(1)
with open(teamTwo + "Points.txt", mode="w",encoding="utf-8") as allTeamTwoPointsfile:
allTeamTwoPointsfile.write(str(allTeamTwoPoints))
print("{0} now has {1} points".format(teamTwo,allTeamTwoPoints))
with open(teamTwo + "AwayPoints.txt",mode = "r",encoding="utf-8") as awayPointsfile:
awayPoints = awayPointsfile.read()
if awayPoints == '':
awayPoints = 0
awayPoints = int(awayPoints) + int(1)
with open(teamTwo + "AwayPoints.txt",mode = "w",encoding="utf-8") as awayPointsfile:
awayPointsfile.write(str(awayPoints))
with open(tournamentName + ".txt", mode = "r", encoding = "utf-8") as tournamentFile:
tournamentList1 = tournamentFile.readlines()
tournamentList = [elem.strip("\n")for elem in tournamentList1]
index = 0
noOfTeams = int(len(tournamentList))
while index < noOfTeams:
if teamOne == tournamentList[index]:
tournamentList[index]= teamOne
tournamentList[index+1] = allTeamOnePoints
index = index+1
elif teamOne != tournamentList[index]:
index = index +1
index2 = 0
while index2 < noOfTeams:
if teamTwo == tournamentList[index2]:
tournamentList[index2] = teamTwo
tournamentList[index2+1] = allTeamTwoPoints
tournamentList[index2+2] = awayPoints
index2 = index2+1
elif teamTwo != tournamentList[index]:
index2 = index2 +1
with open(tournamentName + ".txt", mode = "w", encoding = "utf-8") as tournamentFile:
for counter in range (len(tournamentList)):
tournamentFile.write(str(tournamentList[counter]) + "\n")
print (tournamentList)
main()
elif teamOneScore < teamTwoScore:
#the following code is very similar to the above code. Please see above code for documentation.
with open(teamTwo + "Points.txt", mode="r",encoding="utf-8") as allTeamTwoPointsfile:
allTeamTwoPoints = allTeamTwoPointsfile.read()
if allTeamTwoPoints == '':
allTeamTwoPoints = 0
allTeamTwoPoints = int(allTeamTwoPoints) + int(3)
with open(teamTwo + "Points.txt", mode="w",encoding="utf-8") as allTeamTwoPointsfile:
allTeamTwoPointsfile.write(str(allTeamTwoPoints))
print("{0} now has {1} points".format(teamTwo,allTeamTwoPoints))
with open(teamTwo + "AwayPoints.txt",mode = "r",encoding="utf-8") as awayPointsfile:
awayPoints = awayPointsfile.read()
if awayPoints == '':
awayPoints = 0
awayPoints = int(awayPoints) + int(3)
with open(teamTwo + "AwayPoints.txt",mode = "w",encoding="utf-8") as awayPointsfile:
awayPointsfile.write(str(awayPoints))
with open(teamOne + "Points.txt", mode="r",encoding="utf-8") as allTeamOnePointsfile:
allTeamOnePoints = allTeamOnePointsfile.read()
if allTeamOnePoints == '':
allTeamOnePoints = 0
print("{0} now has {1} points".format(teamOne,allTeamOnePoints))
with open(tournamentName + ".txt", mode = "r", encoding = "utf-8") as tournamentFile:
tournamentList1 = tournamentFile.readlines()
tournamentList = [elem.strip("\n")for elem in tournamentList1]
index = 0
noOfTeams = int(len(tournamentList))
while index < noOfTeams:
if teamOne == tournamentList[index]:
tournamentList[index]= teamOne
tournamentList[index+1] = allTeamOnePoints
index = index+1
elif teamOne != tournamentList[index]:
index = index +1
index2 = 0
while index2 < noOfTeams:
if teamTwo == tournamentList[index2]:
tournamentList[index2] = teamTwo
tournamentList[index2+1] = allTeamTwoPoints
tournamentList[index2+2] = awayPoints
index2 = index2 + 1
elif teamTwo != tournamentList[index2]:
index2 = index2 +1
with open(tournamentName + ".txt", mode = "w", encoding = "utf-8") as tournamentFile:
for counter in range (len(tournamentList)):
tournamentFile.write(str(tournamentList[counter]) + "\n")
print (tournamentList)
main()
elif response == "standings":
#selection statment checks if variable "response" is = "fixture" and, if true,then executes the following code
results()
def results():
print ("enter in the name of the tournament you would like to access")
tournamentName1 = input()
#creates variable "tournamentName" and sets it equal to user input
with open (tournamentName1 + ".txt", mode = "r", encoding = "utf-8") as tournamentFile:
tournamentTeam1 = tournamentFile.readlines()[::3]
tournamentTeams1 = [elem.strip("\n")for elem in tournamentTeam1]
#opens the file "tournamentName + ".txt"" and reads every third line into a list. Then strips ""\n"" from every element
#defines the variable "tournamentTeams" as an array of al teams in the tournament
with open (tournamentName1 + ".txt", mode = "r", encoding = "utf-8") as tournamentFile:
tournamentPoint1 = tournamentFile.readlines()[1::3]
tournamentPoints1 = [elem.strip("\n")for elem in tournamentPoint1]
#opens the file "tournamentName + ".txt"" and reads every third line starting from the second element
#into a list. Then strips ""\n"" from every element
#defines the variable "tournamentPoints" as an array with all the total points for each team
with open (tournamentName1 + ".txt", mode = "r", encoding = "utf-8") as tournamentFile:
tournamentAwayPoint1 = tournamentFile.readlines()[2::3]
tournamentAwayPoints1 = [elem.strip("\n")for elem in tournamentAwayPoint1]
#opens the file "tournamentName + ".txt"" and reads every third line starting from the third element
#into a list. Then strips ""\n"" from every element
#defines the variable "tournamentAwayPoints" as an array with all the total away points for each team
order = []
#defines temporary array order as an empty array
pos = 0
#defines temporary variable "pos" as equal to 0
for count in range(len(tournamentTeams1)):
order.append(count)
#creates an array of indexes of the teams
for count in range(len(tournamentTeams1)-1):
if (tournamentPoints1[order[pos]] < tournamentPoints1[order[pos+1]]):
#compares the scores of two consecutive teams and switches them
temp = order[pos]
#temporary variable stores the index of the team
order[pos] = order[pos+1]
order[pos+1] = temp
#switches the order of the teams
elif (tournamentPoints1[order[pos]] == tournamentPoints1[order[pos+1]] and tournamentAwayPoints1[order[pos]] <tournamentAwayPoints1[order[pos+1]]):
#if the score is equal, we compare the away score
temp = order[pos]
order[pos] = order[pos+1]
order[pos+1] = temp
#same logic as prior
pos = pos +1
#adds 1 to variable "pos" in order to allow for iteration
index3 = 0
#defines temporary variable index as equal to 0
print()
for count in range(len(order)):
index3 = index3 + 1
print('{0}: {1} (score {2}) (away score {3})'.format(index3,tournamentTeams1[order[count]],tournamentPoints1[order[count]],tournamentAwayPoints1[order[count]]))
print("Congratulations to team {0} for winning the tournament!".format(tournamentTeams1[order[pos]]))
#print outs the winning team of the tournament
确切的错误消息：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<pyshell#0>", line 1, in <module>
main()
File "/Users/MunshiMuhammed/Desktop/Coursework Coding Folder/Actually done coursework m8 (2).py", line 47, in main
main()
File "/Users/MunshiMuhammed/Desktop/Coursework Coding Folder/Actually done coursework m8 (2).py", line 129, in main
main()
File "/Users/MunshiMuhammed/Desktop/Coursework Coding Folder/Actually done coursework m8 (2).py", line 244, in main
results()
File "/Users/MunshiMuhammed/Desktop/Coursework Coding Folder/Actually done coursework m8 (2).py", line 296, in results
print("Congratulations to team {0} for winning the tournament!".format(tournamentTeams1[order[pos]]))
IndexError: list index out of range
结果函数中正在读取的文本文件： （队名第一线，第二线是主分，第三线是客场分。下一线是下一队） 3 0 0 4 3 0
这些是要求的打印陈述（tournamentTeams1，order和pos） [＆＃39; 3＆＃39;，＆＃39; 4＆＃39;] [1,0] 1 1：4（得分3）（客场得分0） [＆＃39; 3＆＃39;，＆＃39; 4＆＃39;] [1,0] 1 2：3（得分0）（客场得分0） 恭喜第3队赢得比赛！
再一次，此功能仅在重新启动空闲后访问时才有效。
答案 0 :(得分：0)
正如评论中所提到的那样，需要花费很多代码。
要获得更好的回复MCVE是关键。查看错误消息，您会发现它出现在 结果 功能中。因此，您应该尝试仅使用该函数复制错误，以及一些最小数据。如果你不能，你需要检查哪些输入进入函数（这是插入打印语句的内容）。然后弄清楚代码的哪些位产生了那些奇怪的输入，并尝试隔离代码的那一部分。重复此过程，直到您缩小可能出现问题的代码区域。然后发布代码的位，以及输入和输出。 欢迎来到精彩的调试世界！
所有这一切，我确实通过了代码，我想我知道出了什么问题。 当您以递归方式调用main（）时，实际上是在不关闭tournamentName文件的情况下调用它，然后您尝试在results（）函数中访问该文件。下面是对＃（固定装置）中的main（）的有问题的递归调用。部分代码。
with open(tournamentName + ".txt", mode = "w", encoding = "utf-8") as tournamentFile:
for counter in range (len(tournamentList)):
#for loop executes the following code the once for each element in array "tournamentList"
tournamentFile.write(str(tournamentList[counter]) + "\n")
#writes variable "tournamentList" to "tournamentName + ".txt"" using for loop
main() #Notice the indentation!
缩进意味着将在写入模式下访问tournamentName.txt文件，因此当您尝试从results（）函数访问它时，您将获得一个空文件。如果tournamentName.txt文件为空，则results（）函数会在最后一行抛出一个IndexError。
立即解决方案是在open（...）之外对main（）进行递归调用，即它应该如下所示：
with open(tournamentName + ".txt", mode = "w", encoding = "utf-8") as tournamentFile:
#Your for loop remains here
main() #At this point tournamentName.txt is closed, available for results() to access
您需要在代码的所有三个位置更新它。
另一方面，正如@ pm-2ring所述，对main（）的递归调用可能不是最好的主意。我强烈建议重构你的代码，以便main函数变成一个如下所示的循环。
def main():
print("Welcome to Tournament Tracker")
while True:
response = input("would you like to begin a new tournament (new), input the results of a fixture (fixture) or view the tournament standings(standings)\n")
if response == "new":
create_new_tournament()
elif response == "fixture":
add_fixtures()
elif response == "standings":
print_results()
return
我发现你的代码还有其他四个大问题：