我尝试使用Avro架构验证JSON文件并编写相应的Avro文件。首先,我定义了以下名为user.avsc
的Avro架构:
{"namespace": "example.avro",
"type": "record",
"name": "user",
"fields": [
{"name": "name", "type": "string"},
{"name": "favorite_number", "type": ["int", "null"]},
{"name": "favorite_color", "type": ["string", "null"]}
]
}
然后创建了一个user.json
文件:
{"name": "Alyssa", "favorite_number": 256, "favorite_color": null}
然后试图跑:
java -jar ~/bin/avro-tools-1.7.7.jar fromjson --schema-file user.avsc user.json > user.avro
但我得到以下例外:
Exception in thread "main" org.apache.avro.AvroTypeException: Expected start-union. Got VALUE_NUMBER_INT
at org.apache.avro.io.JsonDecoder.error(JsonDecoder.java:697)
at org.apache.avro.io.JsonDecoder.readIndex(JsonDecoder.java:441)
at org.apache.avro.io.ResolvingDecoder.doAction(ResolvingDecoder.java:290)
at org.apache.avro.io.parsing.Parser.advance(Parser.java:88)
at org.apache.avro.io.ResolvingDecoder.readIndex(ResolvingDecoder.java:267)
at org.apache.avro.generic.GenericDatumReader.read(GenericDatumReader.java:155)
at org.apache.avro.generic.GenericDatumReader.readField(GenericDatumReader.java:193)
at org.apache.avro.generic.GenericDatumReader.readRecord(GenericDatumReader.java:183)
at org.apache.avro.generic.GenericDatumReader.read(GenericDatumReader.java:151)
at org.apache.avro.generic.GenericDatumReader.read(GenericDatumReader.java:142)
at org.apache.avro.tool.DataFileWriteTool.run(DataFileWriteTool.java:99)
at org.apache.avro.tool.Main.run(Main.java:84)
at org.apache.avro.tool.Main.main(Main.java:73)
我错过了什么吗?为什么我得到"预期的开始联盟。得到了VALUE_NUMBER_INT"。
答案 0 :(得分:29)
根据the explanation by Doug Cutting,
Avro的JSON编码要求标记非空联合值 与他们的预期类型。这是因为工会喜欢 ["字节","字符串"]和[" int"," long"]在JSON中是不明确的,第一个 都编码为JSON字符串,而第二个编码为 JSON号码。
http://avro.apache.org/docs/current/spec.html#json_encoding
因此,您的记录必须编码为:
{"name": "Alyssa", "favorite_number": {"int": 7}, "favorite_color": null}
答案 1 :(得分:10)
有一个新的JSON编码器正在解决这个常见问题:
答案 2 :(得分:1)
我已经实现了union及其验证,只需创建一个union schema并通过postman传递其值。 resgistry url是您为kafka属性指定的url,您还可以将动态值传递给您的模式
RestTemplate template = new RestTemplate();
HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON);
HttpEntity<String> entity = new HttpEntity<String>(headers);
ResponseEntity<String> response = template.exchange(""+registryUrl+"/subjects/"+topic+"/versions/"+version+"", HttpMethod.GET, entity, String.class);
String responseData = response.getBody();
JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(responseData);
JSONObject jsonObjectResult = new JSONObject(jsonResult);
String getData = jsonObject.get("schema").toString();
Schema.Parser parser = new Schema.Parser();
Schema schema = parser.parse(getData);
GenericRecord genericRecord = new GenericData.Record(schema);
schema.getFields().stream().forEach(field->{
genericRecord.put(field.name(),jsonObjectResult.get(field.name()));
});
GenericDatumReader<GenericRecord>reader = new GenericDatumReader<GenericRecord>(schema);
boolean data = reader.getData().validate(schema,genericRecord );
答案 3 :(得分:0)
正如@ Emre-Sevinc指出的那样,问题出在您的Avro记录的编码上。
在这里更具体;
不要这样做:
jsonRecord = avroGenericRecord.toString
相反,请执行以下操作:
val writer = new GenericDatumWriter[GenericRecord](avroSchema)
val baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream
val jsonEncoder = EncoderFactory.get.jsonEncoder(avroSchema, baos)
writer.write(avroGenericRecord, jsonEncoder)
jsonEncoder.flush
val jsonRecord = baos.toString("UTF-8")
您还需要以下导入:
import org.apache.avro.Schema
import org.apache.avro.generic.{GenericData, GenericDatumReader, GenericDatumWriter, GenericRecord}
import org.apache.avro.io.{DecoderFactory, EncoderFactory}
执行完此操作后,您将获得jsonRecord
,其中带有标有其预期类型的非空并集值。
希望这会有所帮助!