我有一个 python-3 项目，该项目使用 plot-directive 来动态生成和嵌入matplotlib的图表，并且我使用ReadTheDocs自动生成项目的文档 plot-directive确实是works ok in python-2，但它目前在python-3中失败。
具体而言，我在RTD日志上的失败是：
html
-----
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/docs/checkouts/readthedocs.org/user_builds/wltp/envs/master/lib/python3.4/site-packages/sphinx/application.py", line 325, in setup_extension
mod = __import__(extension, None, None, ['setup'])
ImportError: No module named 'matplotlib'
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/docs/checkouts/readthedocs.org/user_builds/wltp/envs/master/lib/python3.4/site-packages/sphinx/cmdline.py", line 253, in main
warningiserror, tags, verbosity, parallel)
File "/home/docs/checkouts/readthedocs.org/user_builds/wltp/envs/master/lib/python3.4/site-packages/sphinx/application.py", line 119, in __init__
self.setup_extension(extension)
File "/home/docs/checkouts/readthedocs.org/user_builds/wltp/envs/master/lib/python3.4/site-packages/sphinx/application.py", line 328, in setup_extension
err)
sphinx.errors.ExtensionError: Could not import extension matplotlib.sphinxext.plot_directive (exception: No module named 'matplotlib')
Extension error:
Could not import extension matplotlib.sphinxext.plot_directive (exception: No module named 'matplotlib')
罪魁祸首可以追溯到matplotlib没有被编译，因为mnissing＆＃39; freetype＆＃39; C lib：
...
requirements
-----
...
BUILDING MATPLOTLIB
matplotlib: yes [1.4.2]
python: yes [3.4.0 (default, Apr 11 2014, 13:05:11) [GCC
4.8.2]]
platform: yes [linux]
REQUIRED DEPENDENCIES AND EXTENSIONS
numpy: yes [not found. pip may install it below.]
six: yes [six was not found.]
dateutil: yes [dateutil was not found. It is required for date
axis support. pip/easy_install may attempt to
install it after matplotlib.]
pytz: yes [pytz was not found. pip will attempt to install
it after matplotlib.]
tornado: yes [tornado was not found. It is required for the
WebAgg backend. pip/easy_install may attempt to
install it after matplotlib.]
pyparsing: yes [pyparsing was not found. It is required for
mathtext support. pip/easy_install may attempt to
install it after matplotlib.]
pycxx: yes [Official versions of PyCXX are not compatible
with matplotlib on Python 3.x, since they lack
support for the buffer object. Using local copy]
libagg: yes [pkg-config information for 'libagg' could not
be found. Using local copy.]
freetype: no [The C/C++ header for freetype2 (ft2build.h)
could not be found. You may need to install the
development package.]
OPTIONAL LATEX DEPENDENCIES
dvipng: yes [version 1.14]
ghostscript: yes [version 9.10]
latex: yes [version 3.1415926]
pdftops: no
============================================================================
* The following required packages can not be built:
* freetype
为了让文档生成通过，我被强制禁止＆＃34;禁用＆＃34; plot-directive通过使用./conf.py文件中的以下代码将其模拟为instructed in the RTD FAQ。
我已尝试使用virtualenv（有或没有网站包可见性），rtd特定requirements.txt的各种组合，但没有成功。
有人找到了办法吗？
对于那些愿意深入研究这个问题的人来说，这些是一些提示：
pip-requirements.txt文件，可以从RTD的源代码中找到。答案 0 :(得分：3)
根据rtfd issue #896，从今天开始，这个问题正式得到解决。 所有必需的依赖项（matplotlib，scipy和numpy）也为python-3安装，因此不再需要进行模拟。
要使用它，请在Advanced settings中做出以下选择：
Install Project: Install your project inside a virtualenv using setup.py install Python interpreter: CPython 3.x Use system packages: Give the virtual environment access to the global site-packages dir。...虽然经过一些培训，但很容易编写 python-2/3 兼容代码。
答案 1 :(得分：1)
我有同样的问题，它似乎与RTD解释器有关。我的项目是在Python 3中，我在RTD设置中选择了它并且它失败了（找不到matplotlib）。我能够通过选择Python 2.x解释器（在高级设置中;也允许全局站点包）来解决它，而不是Python 3.x.我使用特定于RTD的需求文件（除了全局站点包之外，它只有我需要的东西：sphinxcontrib-napoleon）。现在可以看到Matplotlib，但现在我遇到了Python 2向后兼容性问题。但至少这个问题已经解决了。