Question

如何拆分带有未知分隔符的字符串？

我需要拆分像

这样的字符串

＆＃39; 3.584731 60.739211,3.590472 60.738030,3.592740：60.736220＆＃39;，* *）

在* *之间我想输入一个分隔符，谁会用分隔符分割这个字符串。

例如

 If *:*
 3.584731 60.739211,3.590472 60.738030,3.592740
 60.736220

我知道strtok（）拆分了字符串。但我如何使用它代码不知道分隔符和用户必须插入它。这是我的代码。

PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(benchmark);
Datum
benchmark(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
{

FuncCallContext     *funcctx;
int                  call_cntr;
int                  max_calls;
TupleDesc            tupdesc;
AttInMetadata       *attinmeta;
//As Counters
int i = 0, j = 0;
//To get the every SingleString from the Table
char *k = text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_P(0));
//The Delimiter
char *c (0);
//the temporary "memory"
char * temp = NULL;

//The final result
//Need as an Array
//From ["x1 y1,x2 y2,...xn yn"] Split on the ',' 

//to   ["x1 y1","x2 y2",..."xn yn"] Split on the ' ' 

//to the final ["x1","y1","x2","y2"..."xn","yn"]
char**result[a] = {0};

if (SRF_IS_FIRSTCALL())
    {
        {
        MemoryContext   oldcontext;

        //create a function context for cross-call persistence 
        funcctx = SRF_FIRSTCALL_INIT();

        //reqdim = (PG_NARGS()  MAXDIM)
   //         SRF_RETURN_DONE(funcctx);

        // switch to memory context appropriate for multiple function calls 
        oldcontext = MemoryContextSwitchTo(funcctx->multi_call_memory_ctx);

        /* total number of tuples to be returned */
        funcctx->max_calls = PG_GETARG_UINT32(0);

        /* Build a tuple descriptor for our result type */
        if (get_call_result_type(fcinfo, NULL, &tupdesc) != TYPEFUNC_COMPOSITE)
            ereport(ERROR,
                (errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
                 errmsg("function returning record called in context "
                        "that cannot accept type record")));

        //Still dont know what attinmeta is
        attinmeta = TupleDescGetAttInMetadata(tupdesc);
        funcctx->attinmeta = attinmeta;
        MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcontext);

    }

            call_cntr = funcctx->call_cntr;
            max_calls = funcctx->max_calls;
            attinmeta = funcctx->attinmeta;
            result[a] = funcctx->result[a];
            temp      = funcctx->temp;
            *k        = funcctx->*k;
            delim     = funcctx->delim;
            c         = funcctx->c;


            //here is the difficult part

            if(*k)
            {
                temp = strtok(k,delim) //the delimiter
                while (temp)
                {
                //palloc or malloc whats the difference ?
                result[a] = palloc...
                strcpy(result[a],temp)
                temp = strtok (NULL,delim)
                i++;
                }
                    for (j = 0; j < i; j++)
                    printf("[%d] sub-string is %s\n", (j+1), result[j]);

                    for (j = 0; j < i; j++)
                    SRF_RETURN_NEXT(funcctx,result[a]);


            }
            else
            {
                SRF_RETURN_DONE(funcctx);
            }
}

这是对的吗？ palloc还是malloc？这种情况有什么不同以及如何使用它？我试着做很多笔记，因为我希望你能理解这个:) 并且不要努力我刚刚开始使用程序：）

Answer 1

PostgreSQL源代码是采取一些想法和模式的良好开端。当你想编写SETOF函数时，你应该从一些SETOF函数开始。 Google关键字为“SRF_RETURN_NEXT”。 PostgreSQL doc http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.3/static/xfunc-c.html中有一些例子 - 您可以找到其他一些例子。

几年前我写过数组迭代器：

#include "funcapi.h"

typedef struct generate_iterator_fctx
{
        int4    lower;
        int4    upper;
        bool    reverse;
} generate_iterator_fctx;

Datum array_subscripts(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(array_subscripts);

/* 
 * array_subscripts(array anyarray, dim int, reverse bool)
 */
Datum
array_subscripts(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
{
        FuncCallContext *funcctx;
        MemoryContext oldcontext;
        generate_iterator_fctx *fctx;

        /* stuff done only on the first call of the function */
        if (SRF_IS_FIRSTCALL())
        {
                ArrayType *v = PG_GETARG_ARRAYTYPE_P(0);
                int reqdim;
                int     *lb, *dimv;

                /* create a function context for cross-call persistence */
                funcctx = SRF_FIRSTCALL_INIT();

                reqdim = (PG_NARGS()  MAXDIM)
                        SRF_RETURN_DONE(funcctx);

                /* Sanity check: was the requested dim valid */
                if (reqdim  ARR_NDIM(v))
                        SRF_RETURN_DONE(funcctx);

                /*
                 * switch to memory context appropriate for multiple function calls
                 */
                oldcontext = MemoryContextSwitchTo(funcctx->multi_call_memory_ctx);
                fctx = (generate_iterator_fctx *) palloc(sizeof(generate_iterator_fctx));

                lb = ARR_LBOUND(v);
                dimv = ARR_DIMS(v);

                fctx->lower = lb[reqdim - 1];
                fctx->upper = dimv[reqdim - 1] + lb[reqdim - 1] - 1;
                fctx->reverse = (PG_NARGS() user_fctx = fctx;

                MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcontext);
        }

        funcctx = SRF_PERCALL_SETUP();

        fctx = funcctx->user_fctx;

        if (fctx->lower upper)
        {
                if (!fctx->reverse)
                        SRF_RETURN_NEXT(funcctx, Int32GetDatum(fctx->lower++));
                else
                        SRF_RETURN_NEXT(funcctx, Int32GetDatum(fctx->upper--));
        }
        else
                /* do when there is no more left */
                SRF_RETURN_DONE(funcctx);
}

注册：

CREATE FUNCTION array_subscripts(anyarray)
RETURNS SETOF int
AS 'MODULE_PATHNAME'
LANGUAGE C STRICT;

CREATE FUNCTION array_subscripts(anyarray, integer)
RETURNS SETOF int
AS 'MODULE_PATHNAME'
LANGUAGE C STRICT;

CREATE FUNCTION array_subscripts(anyarray, integer, bool)
RETURNS SETOF int
AS 'MODULE_PATHNAME'
LANGUAGE C STRICT;

用法：

CREATE FUNCTION array_expand(anyarray)
RETURNS SETOF anyelements
AS
$$
  SELECT $1[i] 
     FROM array_subscripts($1) g(i);
$$ LANGUAGE SQL;

Answer 2

请检查以下代码。希望它不言自明。

如果您在理解方面遇到任何困难，请告诉我们。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

#define SIZ 128

int main()
{
    char *op[SIZ];              //array to hold the o/p
    int i = 0, j = 0;           //used as counters
    char input[] = "3.584731 60.739211, / 3.590472 60.738030,3.592740 / 60.736220"; //the input
    char *delim = "/";          //the delimiter
    char * temp = NULL;

    temp = strtok(input, delim);
    while (temp)
    {
        op[i] = malloc(SIZ);
        strcpy(op[i], temp);
        temp = strtok(NULL, delim);
        i++;
    }

    for (j = 0; j < i; j++)
    printf("[%d] sub-string is %s\n", (j+1), op[j]);

    for (j = 0; j < i; j++)
    free(op[j]);

    return 0;
}

修改

0.5版。希望这个split_string()函数能解决你的问题。现在，使用fgets()来询问用户输入。阅读手册页here。它不应该太难。祝你好运。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

#define SIZ 128

void split_string(char * ip, char * sep);

int main()
{
        char input[] = "3.584731 60.739211, / 3.590472 60.738030,3.592740 / 60.736220"; //the input
        char *delim = "/";          //the delimiter

        split_string(input, delim);

        return 0;
}

void split_string(char * ip, char * sep)
{
        char * op[SIZ] = {0};
        int i = 0, j = 0;           //used as counters
        char * temp = NULL;

        if (ip)
        {
                temp = strtok(ip, sep);
                while (temp)
                {
                        op[i] = malloc(SIZ);
                        strcpy(op[i], temp);
                        temp = strtok(NULL, sep);
                        i++;
                }

                for (j = 0; j < i; j++)
                        printf("[%d] sub-string is %s\n", (j+1), op[j]);

                for (j = 0; j < i; j++)
                        free(op[j]);
        }
}

SQL中的外部C函数

2 个答案: