Question

这里有点奇怪，虽然我确定我刚刚转换为Python时做了些傻事。我有dict dict个dict（我知道有人不喜欢这样），代码如下：

import sys

hash = {}

def update_official():
    for keyv in hash:
        for word in hash[keyv]:
            if word == 'Alice':
                hash[keyv][word]["official"] = 1
            else:
                hash[keyv][word]["official"] = 0

def add_case_terms():
    new_terms = {}
    for term_id in hash:
        for term in dict[term_id]:
            if term_id not in new_terms:
                new_terms[term_id] = {}
            new_terms[term_id][term.title()] = hash[term_id][term]
            new_terms[term_id][term.upper()] = hash[term_id][term]
            new_terms[term_id][term.lower()] = hash[term_id][term]
    for term_id in new_terms:
        for term in new_terms[term_id]:
            hash[term_id][term] = new_terms[term_id][term]

def main():
    key1 = 1
    words = ['Alice','John']
    for word in words:
        if key1 not in dict:
            hash[key1] = {}
        hash[key1][word] = {"official":0,"other_info":5}
    add_case_terms()
    update_official()

    for key in hash:
        for term in hash[key]:
            print str(term) + " has official: " + str(hash[key][term]["official"])

    print "\nAmending 'alice'.\n"
    hash[1]['alice']["official"] = 1

    for key in hash:
        for term in hash[key]:
            print str(term) + " has official: " + str(hash[key][term]["official"])


if __name__ == "__main__":
    sys.exit(main())

我得到的输出是：

john has official: 0
Alice has official: 0
ALICE has official: 0
John has official: 0
JOHN has official: 0
alice has official: 0

Amending 'alice'.

john has official: 0
Alice has official: 1
ALICE has official: 1
John has official: 0
JOHN has official: 0
alice has official: 1

我不明白为什么每个alice密钥都会更新，而不仅仅是对应正确案例的密钥。有什么想法吗？

Answer 1

兴趣点。

不要通过已存在的名称调用变量。 dict()是内置函数，不应用作变量名。尝试一些简单的事情my_dict

您不需要嵌套循环来从dict获取键/值对;使用.items（）返回两者的元组：

for key, value in my_dict.items():
    print key, value

如果这是你的目标 - 制作敏感词典的案例很简单！你过度思考它;）

您可以使用getter和setter，如：

def set_insensitive(my_dict, str_key, my_val):
    my_dict[str_key.lower()] = myval

def get_insensitive(my_dict, str_key):
    return my_dict[str_key.lower()]

你可以从一个区分大小写的dict中创建一个新的不区分大小写的dict：

def create_insensitive(my_dict):
    new_dict = {}
    for str_key, value in my_dict.items():
        new_dict[str_key.lower()] = value
    return new_dict

或者理解：

def create_insensitive(my_dict):
    return = { str_key.lower() : value for str_key, value in my_dict.items() }

Answer 2

这只是因为你有相同的可变对象的多个键。你的结构就像：

value = {"official":0,"other_info":5}
hash[1]['ALICE'] = value
hash[1]['alice'] = value
hash[1]['Alice'] = value

请注意，所有这些分配都使用具有不同键的相同value。稍后，当您执行hash[keyv][word]["official"] = X时，使用word的各种值并不重要，因为它们会导致相同的对象。

        new_terms[term_id][term.title()] = hash[term_id][term] 
        new_terms[term_id][term.upper()] = hash[term_id][term] 
        new_terms[term_id][term.lower()] = hash[term_id][term]

是代码中创建各种键的部分，所有键都指向同一个对象。

Answer 3

感谢您的帮助。事实证明，在这种情况下，重要的是不要影响字典。解决方案如下：

＆＃13;

import sys

my_dict = {}

def update_official():
    for keyv in my_dict:
        for word in my_dict[keyv]:
            if word == 'Alice':
                my_dict[keyv][word]["official"] = 1
            else:
                my_dict[keyv][word]["official"] = 0

def add_case_terms():
    new_terms = {}
    for term_id,val in my_dict.items():
        for term in my_dict[term_id]:
            if term_id not in new_terms:
                new_terms[term_id] = {}          
            new_terms[term_id][term.title()] = dict(my_dict[term_id][term]) 
            new_terms[term_id][term.upper()] = dict(my_dict[term_id][term]) 
            new_terms[term_id][term.lower()] = dict(my_dict[term_id][term]) 
    for term_id in new_terms:
        for term in new_terms[term_id]:
            my_dict[term_id][term] = dict(new_terms[term_id][term])

def set_insensitive(my_dict, str_key, my_val):
    my_dict[str_key.lower()] = myval
    my_dict[str_key.upper()] = myval
    my_dict[str_key.title()] = myval
    

def main():
    key1 = 1
    words = ['Alice','John']
    for word in words:
        if key1 not in my_dict:
            my_dict[key1] = {}
        my_dict[key1][word] = {"official":0,"other_info":5}
    add_case_terms()
    update_official()
        
    for key in my_dict:
        for term in my_dict[key]:
            print str(term) + " has official: " + str(my_dict[key][term]["official"])
            
    print "\nAmending 'alice'.\n"
    my_dict[1]['alice']["official"] = 1
    
    for key in my_dict:
        for term in my_dict[key]:
            print str(term) + " has official: " + str(my_dict[key][term]["official"])


if __name__ == "__main__":
    sys.exit(main())

＆＃13;

谢谢大家。

dict不区分大小写，但不确定原因

3 个答案: