Question

当我在下面运行我的代码时，我得到一个平局和玩家二的结果，但是玩家一显示为NO NAME。当我输入一个名字时，无法弄清楚为什么playerOne变量没有改变。新手程序员希望对我的工作有所帮助。

import random

#the main function
def main():
    print

    #initialize variables
    endProgram = 'no'
    playerOne = 'NO NAME'
    playerTwo = 'NO NAME'

    #call to inputName
    playerOne, playerTwo = inputNames(playerOne, playerTwo)

    #while loop to run program again
    while endProgram == 'no':
        winnerName = 'NO NAME'
        #initialize variables
        p1number = 0
        p2number = 0

        #call to roll dice
        winnerName = rollDice(playerOne, playerTwo, winnerName)

        #call to display info
        winnerName = displayInfo(winnerName)    
        endProgram = raw_input ('Do you want to end the program?  (Enter yes or no): ')

#this function gets the players names
def inputNames(playerOne, playerTwo):
    playerOne = raw_input('Player one enter name ')
    playerTwo = raw_input('Player two enter name ')
    return playerOne, playerTwo

#this function will get the random values
def rollDice(winnerName, playerOne, playerTwo):
    p1number = random.randint (1, 6)
    p2number = random.randint (1, 6)
    if (p1number == p2number):
        winnerName = 'TIE'
    elif (p1number > p2number):
        winnerName = playerOne
    else:
        winnerName = playerTwo
    return winnerName

#this function displays the winner
def displayInfo(winnerName):
    print 'The winners name is ', winnerName

#calls main
main()

Answer 1

查看rollDice函数中的参数顺序。

#this function will get the random values
def rollDice(winnerName, playerOne, playerTwo):
    ....
    ....

期待winnerName作为第一个参数。在main函数中，您将其设置为最后一个参数。

改变这个：

winnerName = rollDice(playerOne, playerTwo, winnerName)

到此：

winnerName = rollDice(winnerName, playerOne, playerTwo)

希望这有帮助。

Answer 2

因为变量playerOne是函数“main”的本地变量。当您在其他函数中为该变量名分配时，您将创建第二个单独的值。

如果要在函数之间共享变量，可以使用'global'关键字来表示，更新变量的值时，表示全局变量名称空间中的值，而不是函数本地的变量名称空间。：

  def f():
       global x
       x += 1


   x = 99
   print x
   f()
   print x

或者，您可以从函数返回值：

def calcNewValue(x):
   return x+1

x = 99
print x
x = calcNewValue(x)
print x

或者使用类来保存一组常用函数的变量：

class GameState:
   def __init__(self):
       self.x = 99
       self.y = "hello"

   def update():
       self.x = self.x +1


s = GameState()
print s.x
s.update()
print s.x

我的计划的结果

2 个答案: