基数R中日期的主轴和次轴刻度
我想在我的日期格式的x轴上创建主要和次要刻度，因此对于每3个刻度（代表每3个月），我有一个主刻度和标签。
这是我目前所拥有的可重现的例子，目前有统一的标记。
month<-c("2010-08-01", "2010-09-01", "2010-10-01", "2010-12-01", "2011-01-01", "2011-02-01",
"2011-03-01", "2011-04-01", "2011-05-01", "2011-06-01", "2011-07-01", "2011-09-01",
"2011-11-01", "2012-01-01", "2012-02-01", "2012-03-01", "2012-05-01", "2012-07-01",
"2012-08-01")
prevalence<-c(10,7.5,5.2,3.5,6.4,2.7,5.8,13.2,4.3,4.7,6.4,4.4,5.2,3.3,1.0,3.1,9.9,33.3,1.0)
df<-data.frame(month, prevalence)
df$month<-as.Date(df$month)
plot(df$month, df$prevalence,lwd = 1.8, ylim=c(0,40),pch=16, bty='n', xaxt='n',
ylab="Prevalence (%)", xlab="Month",col='black',cex=1,cex.lab=1.0,cex.axis=1.0)
at <- seq(from = min(df$month), to = max(df$month), by = "month") # produces a regular sequence of dates
axis.Date(side = 1, at = at, labels = FALSE, tck=-0.04)
axis(side=2, at=c(0,10,20,30,40,50), labels=c("", "", "", "", "", ""), tck=-0.04)
lines(df$month, df$prevalence, col='black', lwd=1.8)
我尝试使用包magicaxis，但它似乎不允许使用日期格式的轴。
2 个答案:
答案 0 :(得分：2)
作为快速解决方法，您可以使用重复axis.Date来电。
at1 <- at[c(TRUE, TRUE, FALSE)]
axis.Date(side = 1, at = at1, labels = FALSE, tck=-0.02)
at2 <- at[c(FALSE, FALSE, TRUE)]
axis.Date(side = 1, at = at2, labels = TRUE, tck=-0.04)
TRUE和FALSE用于对向量at
答案 1 :(得分：1)
我不知道这对于某人是否仍然是一个问题，但是我基于基axis（）函数和类似的参数为带有较小刻度的轴创建了一个通用函数。在StratigrapheR包中的minorAxis（）下可用
minorAxis <- function(side, n = NULL, at.maj = NULL, at.min = NULL, range = NULL,
tick.ratio = 0.5, labels.maj = TRUE, line = NA, pos = NA,
outer = FALSE, font = NA, lty = "solid", lwd = 1,
lwd.ticks = lwd, col = NULL, col.ticks = NULL, hadj = NA,
padj = NA, extend = FALSE, tcl = NA, ...)
{
if(side == 1 | side == 3){
tick.pos <- par("xaxp")
} else if (side == 2 | side == 4) {
tick.pos <- par("yaxp")
}
# Define the positions of major ticks ----
if(is.null(at.maj)) {
# nat.int <- (tick.pos[2] - tick.pos[1])/tick.pos[3]
at.maj <- seq(tick.pos[1], tick.pos[2],
by = (tick.pos[2] - tick.pos[1])/tick.pos[3])
}
# Define range, exclude at.maj values if necessary ----
if(length(range) != 0){
eff.range <- range
r1 <- at.maj - min(range)
r2 <- at.maj - max(range)
p1 <- which.min(abs(r1))
p2 <- which.min(abs(r2))
if(!(abs(r1[p1]/min(range)) < 1.5e-8) & r1[p1] < 0) p1 <- p1 + 1
if(!(abs(r2[p2]/max(range)) < 1.5e-8) & r2[p2] > 0) p2 <- p2 - 1
at.maj <- at.maj[p1:p2]
} else {
if(side == 1 | side == 3){
eff.range <- par("usr")[1:2]
} else if (side == 2 | side == 4) {
eff.range <- par("usr")[3:4]
}
}
# Define limits ----
if(!extend) {
if(!is.null(at.min) & length(range) == 0){
limits <- c(min(c(at.min, at.maj)), max(c(at.min, at.maj)))
} else {
limits <- c(min(at.maj), max(at.maj))
}
} else {
limits <- eff.range
}
# Standard axis when n and at.min are not given ----
if(is.null(n) & is.null(at.min)){
axis(side, at = limits, labels = FALSE, tick = TRUE, line = line,
pos = pos, outer = outer, lty = lty, lwd = lwd, lwd.ticks = 0,
col = col,...)
axis(side, at = at.maj, labels = labels.maj, tick = TRUE, line = line,
pos = pos, outer = outer, font = font, lty = lty,
lwd = 0, lwd.ticks = lwd.ticks, col = col, col.ticks = col.ticks,
hadj = hadj, padj = padj, tcl = tcl,...)
} else {
# Work the minor ticks: check regularity ----
mina <- min(at.maj)
maxa <- max(at.maj)
difa <- maxa - mina
na <- difa / (length(at.maj) - 1)
if(is.null(at.min))
{
# n realm ----
# Checks----
sia <- seq(mina,maxa,by = na)
if(!isTRUE(all.equal(sort(sia),sort(at.maj)))) {
stop("at.maj is irregular, use at.min for minor ticks (not n)")
}
if(!(is.numeric(n) & length(n) == 1)){
stop("n should be a numeric of length one")
}
# Work it ----
tick.pos <- c(mina,maxa,difa/na)
nat.int <- (tick.pos[2] - tick.pos[1])/tick.pos[3]
# Define the position of minor ticks ----
distance.between.minor <- nat.int/n
p <- seq(min(at.maj), max(at.maj), by = distance.between.minor)
q <- sort(every_nth(p,n,empty=FALSE))
# Extend outside of major ticks range if necessary ----
if(!extend) {
tick.seq <- q
} else {
possible.low.minors <- min(at.maj) - (n:1) * distance.between.minor
possible.hi.minors <- max(at.maj) + (1:n) * distance.between.minor
r3 <- possible.low.minors - min(eff.range)
r4 <- possible.hi.minors - max(eff.range)
p3 <- which.min(abs(r3))
p4 <- which.min(abs(r4))
if(!(abs(r3[p3]/min(eff.range)) < 1.5e-8) & r3[p3] < 0) p3 <- p3 + 1
if(!(abs(r4[p4]/max(eff.range)) < 1.5e-8) & r4[p4] > 0) p4 <- p4 - 1
if(p3 < length(possible.low.minors + 1)){
low.candidates <- seq(p3, length(possible.low.minors), 1)
low.laureates <- possible.low.minors[low.candidates]
} else {
low.laureates <- NULL
}
if(p4 > 0){
hi.candidates <- seq(1, p4, 1)
hi.laureates <- possible.hi.minors[ hi.candidates]
} else {
hi.laureates <- NULL
}
tick.seq <- c(low.laureates,q,hi.laureates)
}
} else {
# at.min realm ----
tick.pos <- c(mina,maxa,na)
tick.seq <- sort(at.min)
if(length(range) != 0){
r3 <- tick.seq - min(eff.range)
r4 <- tick.seq - max(eff.range)
p3 <- which.min(abs(r3))
p4 <- which.min(abs(r4))
if(!(abs(r3[p3]/min(eff.range)) < 1.5e-8) & r3[p3] < 0) p3 <- p3 + 1
if(!(abs(r4[p4]/max(eff.range)) < 1.5e-8) & r4[p4] > 0) p4 <- p4 - 1
tick.seq <- tick.seq [p3:p4]
}
}
# Define the length of ticks ----
if(is.na(tcl)) maj.tcl <- par()$tcl else if (!is.na(tcl)) maj.tcl <- tcl
min.tcl <- maj.tcl*tick.ratio
# Plot the axes ----
axis(side, at = limits, labels = FALSE, tick = TRUE, line = line,
pos = pos, outer = outer, lty = lty, lwd = lwd, lwd.ticks = 0,
col = col,...)
axis(side, at = at.maj, labels = labels.maj, tick = TRUE, line = line,
pos = pos, outer = outer, font = font, lty = lty,
lwd = 0, lwd.ticks = lwd.ticks, col = col, col.ticks = col.ticks,
hadj = hadj, padj = padj, tcl = maj.tcl,...)
axis(side, at = tick.seq, labels = FALSE, tick = TRUE, line = line,
pos = pos, outer = outer, lwd = 0, lwd.ticks = lwd.ticks, col = col,
col.ticks = col.ticks, tcl = min.tcl,...)
}
}
# Run this as example:
plot(c(0,1), c(0,1), axes = FALSE, type = "n", xlab = "", ylab = "")
minorAxis(1, n = 10, range = c(0.12,0.61))
minorAxis(3, n = 10, extend=FALSE)
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