在数组中查找最小值

时间:2014-10-02 17:36:35

标签: c++ arrays min

我有两个数组:

int playerSums[9] = { };
string playerNames[9] = { };

我正在尝试获取数组playerSums中的最小值以及此值的数组索引

这是我到目前为止所尝试的内容:

if (playerNames[index] == "End" || playerNames[index] == "end") {
    int lowestValue = playerSums[0];
    for (i = 1; i < sizeof(playerSums) / sizeof(playerSums[0]); i++) {
        if (playerSums[i] < lowestValue || lowestValue != 0)
            lowestValue = playerSums[i]; 
    }
    cout << index[playerNames] << " had the lowest values and got the sum ";
    cout << lowestValue << endl;
}

如果例如仅播放3个播放器,我如何找到并显示数组playerSums中的最小值,即只填充数组的3个元素(其余部分)元素等于零)?

我需要索引来显示获得最小值的玩家的名字。

5 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:3)

您可以使用标头std::min_element中声明的标准算法<algorithm>来查找最小总和的元素。例如

#include <algorithm>

int *min = std::min_element( playerSums, playerSums + 3 );

std::cout <<  playerNames[min - playerSums] 
          << " had the lowest values and got the sum " << *min
          << std::endl;

可以使用标题std::begin中声明的标准函数std::endstd::distance<iterator>来编写

#include <algorithm>
#include <iterator>

int *min = std::min_element( std::begin( playerSums ), std::end( playerSums ) );

std::cout <<  playerNames[ std::distance( playerSums, min )] 
          << " had the lowest values and got the sum " << *min
          << std::endl;

您可以编写与算法类似的自己的函数,而不是使用算法。例如

size_t min_sum( int playerSums[], size_t n )
{
   size_t min = 0;

   for ( size_t i = 1; i < n; i++ )
   {
      if ( playerSums[min] < playerSums[i] ) min = i;
   }

   return min;
}

size_t min = min_sum( playerSums, sizeof( playerSums ) / sizeof( *playerSums )  );

std::cout <<  playerNames[min] 
          << " had the lowest values and got the sum " << playerSums[min]
          << std::endl;

如果你需要跳过等于零的数组元素,那么函数将看起来像

size_t min_sum( int playerSums[], size_t n )
{
   size_t min = 0;

   while ( min < n && playerSums[i] == 0 ) ++min;

   for ( size_t i = min; i < n; i++ )
   {
      if ( playerSums[min] < playerSums[i] ) min = i;
   }

   return min;
}

size_t min = min_sum( playerSums, sizeof( playerSums ) / sizeof( *playerSums )  );

if ( min != sizeof( playerSums ) / sizeof( *playerSums ) )
{   
    std::cout <<  playerNames[min] 
              << " had the lowest values and got the sum " << playerSums[min]
              << std::endl;
}

答案 1 :(得分:3)

与在lowestValue中存储最低值的方式相同,将索引存储在变量中,例如lowestValueIndex。另外,删除外部if并在for循环内移动它:

if(playerNames[i] == "End" || playerNames[i] == "end")
    break;
通过这种方式,您将确保只有正在玩的玩家才会被处理。此外,您不需要检查最低值是否为零。所以代码看起来像:

int lowestValue = playerSums[0];
int lowestValueIndex = 0;
for (int i = 1; i < sizeof(playerSums)/sizeof(playerSums[0]); ++i)
{
    if(playerNames[i] == "End" || playerNames[i] == "end")
        break;
    if (playerSums[i] < lowestValue)
    {
            lowestValue = playerSums[i];
            lowestValueIndex = i;
    }
}
cout << index[playerNames] << " had the lowest values and got the sum "
     << lowestValue << endl;

就像注意一样,使用可以增长的标准数组来简化此操作(如vector):

std::vector<std::string> playerNames;
std::vector<int> playerSums;

for (int i = 1; i < playerSums.size(); ++i)
{
    if (playerSums[i] < lowestValue)
    {
            lowestValue = playerSums[i];
            lowestValueIndex = i;
    }
}
cout << index[playerNames] << " had the lowest values and got the sum "
     << lowestValue << endl;

答案 2 :(得分:3)

通常最简单的解决方案是使用标准库,例如

auto it = std::min_element(std::begin(playerSums), std::end(playerSums));
std::size_t index = std::distance(std::begin(playerSums), it);

现在,您可以通过取消引用迭代器it来获取最小值:

int lowestValue = *it;

如果您只想迭代数组中的前3个元素,那么您可以这样做:

auto first = std::begin(playerSums);
auto it = std::min_element(first, std::next(first, 3));
std::size_t index = std::distance(first, it);

注意:更喜欢std::next而不是普通指针算术(例如playerSums + 3),因为它更通用(适用于所有迭代器类型)。

答案 3 :(得分:2)

当您更改该变量的值时,您知道分配给lowestValue的元素的索引,因此只需将该索引保存在变量中(例如,index),以便在完成时{ {1}}具有指定的最后一个值的索引。

答案 4 :(得分:2)

首先调整你的for循环条件。我不确定你之前是否定义过我,也许你忘记了。第二个停止条件i&lt; sizeof(palyerSums)就足够了。此外,您只需要存储数组中最低的playerSums的索引。 if条件也有太多东西。如果minimumValue不为零,您将始终更改该值,除非minimumValue正好为零,否则这似乎不正确。

int lowestValue = playerSums[0];
int resultIndex = 0;
for(int i = 1; i < sizeof(playerSums) / sizeof(playerSums[0]); i++) {
  if(playerSums[i] < lowestValue) {
    lowestValue = playerSums[i];
    resultIndex = i;
  }
}
cout << playerNames[resultIndex] << "blabla" << lowestValue; // instead of lowestValue you could also do playerSums[resultIndex] ofcourse.

如果有效,请告诉我