gsub()在循环/ lapply中的多个数据帧上

时间:2014-09-23 21:27:34

标签: r gsub

我有两个数据框,其中一列名为'标题'在每个,包含字符串。我需要减少这些字符串以合并它们。现在我想在循环中使它尽可能干净,这样我只需要编写一次gsub-function。

我们说我有:

df_1 <-read.table(text="
id Title
1 some_average_title
2 another:_one
3 the_third!
4 and_'the'_last
",header=TRUE,sep="")

df_2 <-read.table(text="
id Title
1 some_average.title
2 another:one
3 the_third
4 and_the_last
",header=TRUE,sep="")

我现在要跑:

df_1$Title <- gsub(" |\\.|'|:|!|\\'|_", "", df_1$Title )
df_2$Title <- gsub(" |\\.|'|:|!|\\'|_", "", df_2$Title )

我尝试了以下循环:

for (dtfrm in c("dt_1", "df_2")) {
  assign(paste0(dtfrm, "$Title"),
    gsub(" |\\.|'|:|!|\\'|", "", get(paste0(dtfrm, "$Title")))
    )
  }

但它不起作用 - 尽管缺少错误信息。

我也在考虑lapply(list(dt_1, dt_2), function(w){ w$Title <- XXX }),但我不知道要为XXX提供什么,因为gsub()需要作为第三个参数的字符串列表。

3 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

这有效:

for(df in c("df_1", "df_2")){
  assign(df, transform(get(df), Title =  gsub(" |\\.|'|:|!|\\'|_", "", Title)))
}

测试:

df_1
  id            Title
1  1 someaveragetitle
2  2       anotherone
3  3         thethird
4  4       andthelast

  df_2
  id            Title
1  1 someaveragetitle
2  2       anotherone
3  3         thethird
4  4       andthelast

答案 1 :(得分:1)

介于@ David的评论和@Carlos的答案之间,还有一点额外的答案:

如果需要,使用mget抓取data.framelist2env复制原始data.frame

mget + lapply将进行转换......

lapply(mget(ls(pattern = "df_\\d")), function(w)
  transform(w, Title = gsub(" |\\.|'|:|!|\\'|_", "", Title)))
# $df_1
#   id            Title
# 1  1 someaveragetitle
# 2  2       anotherone
# 3  3         thethird
# 4  4       andthelast
# 
# $df_2
#   id            Title
# 1  1 someaveragetitle
# 2  2       anotherone
# 3  3         thethird
# 4  4       andthelast

...但结果仍然是list,并且不会影响原始data.frame

# df_1
#   id              Title
# 1  1 some_average_title
# 2  2       another:_one
# 3  3         the_third!
# 4  4     and_'the'_last

如果您确实要覆盖data.frame,请尝试:

list2env(
  lapply(mget(ls(pattern = "df_\\d")), function(w) 
    transform(w, Title = gsub(" |\\.|'|:|!|\\'|_", "", Title))), 
  envir = .GlobalEnv)
df_1
#   id            Title
# 1  1 someaveragetitle
# 2  2       anotherone
# 3  3         thethird
# 4  4       andthelast

答案 2 :(得分:0)

get()将允许您以编程方式获取多个数据集 data.table()将有助于轻松修改每个列中的列

## CREATING A FEW MORE DATA SETS
df_3 <- df_2
df_4 <- df_1
set.seed(1)
df_3$id <- sample(20, 4)
df_4$id <- sample(20, 4)

library(data.table)

dt_1 <- as.data.table(df_1)
dt_2 <- as.data.table(df_2)
dt_3 <- as.data.table(df_3)
dt_4 <- as.data.table(df_4)

## OR programatically: 

Numb_of_DTs <- 4

names_of_dt_objects <- paste("dt", 1:Numb_of_DTs, sep="_")  # dt_1, dt_2, etc
names_of_df_objects <- paste("df", 1:Numb_of_DTs, sep="_")  # dt_1, dt_2, etc

for (i in 1:Numb_of_DTs)
  assign(names_of_dt_objects[[i]], as.data.table(get(namse(names_of_df_objects[[i]]))))


for (dt.nm in names_of_dt_objects) {
  get(dt.nm)[, Title := gsub("[ .':!_]", "", Title)]
  ## set the key for merging in the next step
  setkey(get(dt.nm), Title)
  ## You might want to insert a line to clean up the column names, using 
  ##   setnames(get(dt.nm), OLD_NAMES, NEW_NAMES)
}


Reduce(merge, lapply(names_of_dt_objects, function(x) get(x)))