Question

我是一名初学程序员，我只是不明白为什么我的摇滚剪刀程序不起作用，之前有效但我尝试添加一个步骤，如果用户按下r则重复。我在哪里搞砸了？

第一个程序是在我尝试添加重启之前。它按照我的预期工作。

from random import randint
options = {1:"Rock",2:"Paper",3:"Scissors"}##This list is for the raw data to output

number = randint(1,3)###Random selection of rock paper or scissors
computer = options[number]

print "Rock, Paper, Scissors Key"
print "1 = Rock"
print "2 = Paper"
print "3 = Scissors"

human = input("Enter what you want. ")
print "Player chose",options[human]


def end(computer,human):
    if computer == human:
        return "Draw"
    elif computer == 1 and human == 2:
        return "Computer chose Rock, Player has won!"
    elif computer == 1 and human == 3:
        return "Computer chose Rock, Player has lost."
    elif computer == 2 and human == 1:
        return "Computer chose Paper, Player has won!"
    elif computer == 2 and human == 3:
        return "Computer chose Paper, Player has lost"
    elif computer == 3 and human == 1:
        return "Computer chose Scissors, Player has won!"
    elif computer == 3 and human == 2:
        return "Computer chose Scissors, Player has lost."
    else:
        return "ERROR"
print end(number, human)

input("To finish press any key.")

下一个程序是我尝试添加重启功能的时候。这个不再适用了。为什么呢？

from random import randint
i = 1
while i == 1:

    options = {1:"Rock",2:"Paper",3:"Scissors"}

    number = randint(1,3)###Random selection of rock paper or scissors
computer = options[number]

print "Rock, Paper, Scissors Key"
print "1 = Rock"
print "2 = Paper"
print "3 = Scissors"

human = input("Enter what you want. ")
print "Player chose",options[human]


def end(computer,human):
        if computer == human:
            return "Draw"
        elif computer == 1 and human == 2:
            return "Computer chose Rock, Player has won!"
        elif computer == 1 and human == 3:
            return "Computer chose Rock, Player has lost."
        elif computer == 2 and human == 1:
            return "Computer chose Paper, Player has won!"
        elif computer == 2 and human == 3:
            return "Computer chose Paper, Player has lost"
        elif computer == 3 and human == 1:
            return "Computer chose Scissors, Player has won!"
        elif computer == 3 and human == 2:
            return "Computer chose Scissors, Player has lost."
        else:
            return "ERROR"
print end(number, human)
restart_var = input("Press R to restart and Enter to exit")
def restart(x):
        if x == r:
            i = 1
        else:
            i = 0
restart(restart_var)

Answer 1

问题在于：

if x == r:

您将x与未知变量r进行比较。

正确的做法是与字符串“r＆＃39;进行比较。因为input返回字符串。

if x == 'r':

Answer 2

当您找到用户从输入中选择的选项时，第一个脚本中的内容会出错。 input会给你一个字符串，而不是一个数字。您可以使用int(input("Enter what you want"))

将其转换为数字

这样可以正常工作。接下来要做的是允许重新启动。您所要做的就是创建一个启动程序的功能。像这样：

def start():

    print("Rock, Paper, Scissors Key")
    print("1 = Rock")
    print("2 = Paper")
    print("3 = Scissors")

    number = randint(1,3)
    computer = options[number]

    human = int(input("Enter what you want. "))
    print("Player chose",options[human])

现在在end函数中调用start函数：

    print(end(number, human))

现在你只需检查最后一个输入，看看用户是否想要重启。

    if input("Press R to restart and Enter to exit").lower() == "r":
        start()

所以你的新最终脚本如下所示：

from random import randint
options = {1:"Rock",2:"Paper",3:"Scissors"}##This list is for the raw data to output

def end(computer,human):
    if computer == human:
        return "Draw"
    elif computer == 1 and human == 2:
        return "Computer chose Rock, Player has won!"
    elif computer == 1 and human == 3:
        return "Computer chose Rock, Player has lost."
    elif computer == 2 and human == 1:
        return "Computer chose Paper, Player has won!"
    elif computer == 2 and human == 3:
        return "Computer chose Paper, Player has lost"
    elif computer == 3 and human == 1:
        return "Computer chose Scissors, Player has won!"
    elif computer == 3 and human == 2:
        return "Computer chose Scissors, Player has lost."
    else:
        return "ERROR"


def start():

    #display the game info
    print("Rock, Paper, Scissors Key")
    print("1 = Rock")
    print("2 = Paper")
    print("3 = Scissors")

    #get a random number for the computer
    number = randint(1,3)
    computer = options[number]

    #get human input
    human = int(input("Enter what you want. "))

    #print what the human chose
    print("Player chose",options[human])

    #run the calculator
    print(end(number, human))

    if input("Press R to restart and Enter to exit ").lower() == "r":
        print('\n'*3) #print some line breaks
        start()

#start the game
start()

注意我是在Python 3中写的。如果您使用的是Python 2，请将input更改为raw_input。

Answer 3

首先，第二个示例在while之后只有两个分配缩进。这将导致无限循环，因为破坏其条件的事情是在程序的最后。

其次，在Python 2中，input()解析表达式（这使得它非常危险），这就是它在Python 3中被替换的原因。这可以按照你想要的数字而不是字母来实现，它会查找变量。你可以滥用它来使你的代码工作：

r="Willy Wonka's shoes didn't taste so well."
R=r
val=input("Can you type R? ")
if val in (r, R):
  print "You could! Or maybe you typed my secret phrase in quotes. I don't know!"

值得注意的是，这意味着如果用户只是点击Enter就会得到一个SyntaxError异常 - 因为空字符串不是有效的Python表达式。键入关键字也是一样，未定义的变量会使它们成为NameError。

要使用的函数称为raw_input，并且始终生成一个字符串（在Python 3中，这就是输入所做的）。您可以将其包装在一些代码中，以使其更有用：

def read_int(question=""):
  val=None
  while val is None:
    s=raw_input(question)
    try:
      val=int(s,0)
    except ValueError, e:
      pass
  return val
def confirm_letter(question="", letter="y"):
  s=raw_input(question)
  return s.lower().startswith(letter)

说到功能，我想你可以使用更多功能。像重启一样的控制流程更容易阅读（和编辑！），如果，而不是让整个程序介于两者之间，它看起来像：

while True:
  play_game()
  if not confirm_letter("Type R to restart: ", "r"):
    break

作为进一步的练习，我很想为玩家的行为写一个类，它会知道如何比较（看谁赢了）并代表他们的名字。

Answer 4

human=input("Enter what you want:")是一种字符串类型。试试print options[int(human)]或将人类视为human=int(input("Enter what you want:"))

在end函数中，您似乎正在将strings与integers进行比较。更好的实施将有所帮助。您可以尝试比较字符串。 computer="Rock" and options[human]="Scissors" return "Computer chose Rock, Player has lost"

为什么我的石头剪刀程序不起作用？

4 个答案: