Question

# tree system/
system/
├── cat1
│   └── id1
├── cat5
│   └── id42
├── cat20
│   └── 59593
└── mumbry
    └── 3939
4 directories, 4 files
#

如何获取目录名称和文件名？如果可能的话，如何在一个for循环中使用目录和文件名？

Answer 1

如果要遍历子目录和文件名，简单的wildcard expansion会生成一个列表。

cd system
for file in */*; do
    echo "$file"
done

如果要将它们拆分为目录和基本名称，shell中有内置的text extraction facilities：

for file in */*; do
    echo "Directory: ${file%/*}"
    echo "Basename: ${file#*/}"
done

Answer 2

@tripleee中的目录和Basename替换在我的bash 4.2.25中不起作用，正确的for循环是：

for file in */*; do
    # the match start from the end so you must invert the regexp
    echo "Directory: ${file%/*}" 

    # we must remove all the matches, not only the first
    echo "Basename: ${file##*/}" 
done

Bash：获取不同目录下的文件名

2 个答案: