Python的等价?

时间:2010-03-29 07:17:53

标签: python

有没有将Java中的以下代码转换为Python的等价?

public class Animal{

public enum AnimalBreed{

    Dog, Cat, Cow, Chicken, Elephant
}

private static final int Animals = AnimalBreed.Dog.ordinal();

    private static final String[] myAnimal = new String[Animals];
    private static Animal[] animal = new Animal[Animals];

    public static final Animal DogAnimal = new Animal(AnimalBreed.Dog, "woff");
    public static final Animal CatAnimal = new Animal(AnimalBreed.Cat, "meow");
    private AnimalBreed breed;

public static Animal myDog (String name) {
        return new Animal(AnimalBreed.Dog, name);

      }
}

4 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:7)

直接翻译此代码会浪费时间。从Java迁移到Python时最难的事情是放弃你所知道的大部分内容。但简单的事实是Python is not Java,逐行翻译将无法按预期工作。最好是翻译算法而不是代码,让Python做它擅长的事情。

答案 1 :(得分:2)

我不清楚Java所需的语义是什么。我猜你有点试图模拟一组动物(物种,而不是品种,偶然),并灌输一组相关的类,其行为根据动物的类型而变化(粗略地说每个动物的声音) )。

在Python中,自然的方法是通过元编程。您可以创建一个类或工厂函数,通过将参数传递给模板来返回每个类。由于函数和类是Python中的一阶对象,因此它们可以像任何其他对象一样传递。由于类本身就是对象,因此您可以使用setattr(及其堂兄:hasattrgetattr)来访问其属性。

这是一个简单的例子:

#!/usr/bin/env python
def Animal(species, sound):
    class meta: pass

    def makeSound(meta, sound=sound):
        print sound
    setattr(meta, makeSound.__name__, makeSound)

    def name(meta, myname=species):
        return myname
    setattr(meta, 'name', name)
        return meta

if __name__ == '__main__':
    animal_sounds = (('Dog', 'woof'),
                     ('Cat', 'meow'),
                     ('Cow', 'moo'),
                     ('Chicken', 'cluck'),
                     ('Elephant', 'eraunngh'))

    menagerie = dict()
    for animal, sound in animal_sounds:
        menagerie[animal] = Animal(animal, sound)

    for Beast in menagerie:
        beast = Beast()
        print beast.name(), ' says ',
        beast.makeSound()

    Dog = menagerie['Dog']
    fido = Dog()   # equivalent to fido = menagerie['Dog']()
    fido.makeSound()
    # prints "woof"
    Cat = menagerie['Cat']
    felix = Cat()
    felix.makeSound()
    Mouse = Animal('Mouse', 'squeak')
    mickey = Mouse()
    mouse.makeSound()
    # prints "squeak"

这似乎是一个陈腐的例子,但我希望它能说明问题。我可以创建一个表(在本例中是一个元组元组),它提供了用于填充类的变化参数/行为的参数。 Animal返回的类与任何其他Python类一样。我试图在这里的例子中表明这一点。

答案 2 :(得分:1)

这不是逐行转换,而是大概的事情:

class Animal(object):
    animal_breeds = "Dog Cat Cow Chicken Elephant".split()
    animals = {}

    def __init__(self, breed, name):
        self._breed = breed
        self.name = name
        Animal.animals[name] = self

    @property
    def breed(self):
        return Animal.animal_breeds[self._breed]

    @staticmethod
    def myDog(name):
        return Animal(Animal.AnimalBreed.Dog, name)

# add enumeration of Animal breeds to Animal class
class Constants(object): pass
Animal.AnimalBreed = Constants()
for i,b in enumerate(Animal.animal_breeds):
    setattr(Animal.AnimalBreed, b, i)

# define some class-level constant animals
# (although "woff" and "meow" are not what I would expect
# for names of animals)    
Animal.DogAnimal = Animal(Animal.AnimalBreed.Dog, "woff")
Animal.CatAnimal = Animal(Animal.AnimalBreed.Cat, "meow")

# this code would be in a separate module that would import this
# code using
#     from animal import Animal
#
print Animal.myDog("Rex").breed
print Animal.animals.keys()

答案 3 :(得分:0)

http://code.activestate.com/recipes/413486/包含有关此主题的大量帮助。请注意,深度支持可能不适用于它。