我想使用SPARQL查询检测满足属性值条件的所有值。
例如,假设我想要检测rdfs:label
的值类型为xsd:string
的所有资源。
逻辑中的定义可以是:
∀x(stringLabel(x)≡∀y(rdfs:label(x,y)→xsd:string(y)))
我在SPARQL中找到了一种方法:
prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
prefix : <http://example.org/>
prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
select ?s where {
# Count arcs with property rdfs:label
{ SELECT ?s (COUNT(*) AS ?c0) {
?s rdfs:label ?o .
} GROUP BY ?s
}
# Count arcs with property rdfs:label and value xsd:string
{ SELECT ?s (COUNT(*) AS ?c1) {
?s rdfs:label ?o . FILTER ((isLiteral(?o) && datatype(?o) = xsd:string))
} GROUP BY ?s
}
# filter out those resources that have rdfs:label
# with values not in xsd:string
FILTER (?c0 = ?c1)
}
似乎可以使用以下数据:
@prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix : <http://example.org/> .
:peter rdfs:label "Peter" ; foaf:knows :anna .
:anna rdfs:label "Anna" .
:r22 rdfs:label 22 .
:x foaf:knows :r22 .
但是,它不会返回值:x
,因为它没有rdfs:label
,并且它不会返回0作为计数c0
。
对于没有该属性的资源,有没有办法计算某些属性返回0的资源?
答案 0 :(得分:2)
假设你有这样的数据,其中一些资源有rdfs:label值,有些没有,有些资源有一些有字符串值,有些有非字符串值。
@prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix : <http://stackoverflow.com/q/25316358/1281433/> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
# a non-string label
:a rdfs:label 22 .
# one or more string labels
:b rdfs:label "hello"^^xsd:string .
:c rdfs:label "hello"^^xsd:string , "goodbye"^^xsd:string .
# no labels at all
:d rdfs:seeAlso :b .
您可以编写一个查询,然后通过匹配所有非文字资源开始,并过滤掉那些不符合指定条件的查询。也就是说,您只需过滤出那些标签不是xsd:string的那些。
prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/>
prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
prefix : <http://stackoverflow.com/q/25316358/1281433/>
prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
select ?s where {
#-- initially select all non-literals
?s :? ?s
filter ( !isLiteral(?s) )
#-- but filter out anything that has a
#-- a non-string label
filter not exists {
?s rdfs:label ?label
filter ( datatype(?label) != xsd:string )
}
}
------
| s |
======
| :c |
| :d |
| :b |
------
您当然可以计算结果数量:
prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/>
prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
prefix : <http://stackoverflow.com/q/25316358/1281433/>
prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
select (count(distinct ?s) as ?ns) where {
?s :? ?s
filter ( !isLiteral(?s) )
filter not exists {
?s rdfs:label ?label
filter ( datatype(?label) != xsd:string )
}
}
------
| ns |
======
| 3 |
------
或者,如果你想选择每个?以及它拥有的rdfs:标签的数量,你也可以通过选择?s所具有的标签,按?分组,以及计算不同的?标签值:
prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/>
prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
prefix : <http://stackoverflow.com/q/25316358/1281433/>
prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
select ?s (count(distinct ?label) as ?nlabel) where {
?s :? ?s
filter ( !isLiteral(?s) )
filter not exists {
?s rdfs:label ?label
filter ( datatype(?label) != xsd:string )
}
#-- get the label for counting
optional {
?s rdfs:label ?label
}
}
group by ?s
---------------
| s | nlabel |
===============
| :d | 0 |
| :b | 1 |
| :c | 2 |
---------------