我知道可以使用Wireshark和VLC保存RTP h264流。但为了了解有关视频流的更多信息，我正在尝试自己做。有几个相关的问题可以很好地阅读这个主题：
Problem to Decode H264 video over RTP with ffmpeg (libavcodec)
How to convert H.264 UDP packets to playable media stream or file (defragmentation)
以这些为背景，这就是我目前所处的位置：
我最终得到了一个据说很多NAL帧的文件。然后我尝试在.264文件上运行ffmpeg来创建.mp4。这会带来几个错误：
[h264 @ 0x15257a0] decode_slice_header错误
[h264 @ 0x15257a0]没有框架！
[h264 @ 0x15257a0]引用不存在的PPS
[h264 @ 0x15257a0]不存在的PPS 0引用
[buffer @ 0x15e16a0]无效的像素格式字符串'-1'
我基本上处于停滞状态，直到我能解决这个问题。我已经仔细阅读了我上面链接的问题，因为我可以通过VLC连接并观看它，并且传入的数据包肯定是根据wireshark的H264 RTP数据包，因此流是绝对可见的。如果VLC可以做到这一点为什么我不能！我非常感谢对我的错误的任何见解以及可能解决它们之间分歧的三个相关问题的摘要。
答案 0 :(得分：0)
它有你需要的答案，但过程是这样的：
//Determine if the forbidden bit is set and the type of nal from the first byte
byte firstByte = packetData[offset];
//bool forbiddenZeroBit = ((firstByte & 0x80) >> 7) != 0;
byte nalUnitType = (byte)(firstByte & Common.Binary.FiveBitMaxValue);
//o The F bit MUST be cleared if all F bits of the aggregated NAL units are zero; otherwise, it MUST be set.
//if (forbiddenZeroBit && nalUnitType <= 23 && nalUnitType > 29) throw new InvalidOperationException("Forbidden Zero Bit is Set.");
//Determine what to do
switch (nalUnitType)
{
//Reserved - Ignore
case 0:
case 30:
case 31:
{
return;
}
case 24: //STAP - A
case 25: //STAP - B
case 26: //MTAP - 16
case 27: //MTAP - 24
{
//Move to Nal Data
++offset;
//Todo Determine if need to Order by DON first.
//EAT DON for ALL BUT STAP - A
if (nalUnitType != 24) offset += 2;
//Consume the rest of the data from the packet
while (offset < count)
{
//Determine the nal unit size which does not include the nal header
int tmp_nal_size = Common.Binary.Read16(packetData, offset, BitConverter.IsLittleEndian);
offset += 2;
//If the nal had data then write it
if (tmp_nal_size > 0)
{
//For DOND and TSOFFSET
switch (nalUnitType)
{
case 25:// MTAP - 16
{
//SKIP DOND and TSOFFSET
offset += 3;
goto default;
}
case 26:// MTAP - 24
{
//SKIP DOND and TSOFFSET
offset += 4;
goto default;
}
default:
{
//Read the nal header but don't move the offset
byte nalHeader = (byte)(packetData[offset] & Common.Binary.FiveBitMaxValue);
if (nalHeader > 5)
{
if (nalHeader == 6)
{
Buffer.WriteByte(0);
containsSei = true;
}
else if (nalHeader == 7)
{
Buffer.WriteByte(0);
containsPps = true;
}
else if (nalHeader == 8)
{
Buffer.WriteByte(0);
containsSps = true;
}
}
if (nalHeader == 1) containsSlice = true;
if (nalHeader == 5) isIdr = true;
//Done reading
break;
}
}
//Write the start code
Buffer.Write(NalStart, 0, 3);
//Write the nal header and data
Buffer.Write(packetData, offset, tmp_nal_size);
//Move the offset past the nal
offset += tmp_nal_size;
}
}
return;
}
case 28: //FU - A
case 29: //FU - B
{
/*
Informative note: When an FU-A occurs in interleaved mode, it
always follows an FU-B, which sets its DON.
* Informative note: If a transmitter wants to encapsulate a single
NAL unit per packet and transmit packets out of their decoding
order, STAP-B packet type can be used.
*/
//Need 2 bytes
if (count > 2)
{
//Read the Header
byte FUHeader = packetData[++offset];
bool Start = ((FUHeader & 0x80) >> 7) > 0;
//bool End = ((FUHeader & 0x40) >> 6) > 0;
//bool Receiver = (FUHeader & 0x20) != 0;
//if (Receiver) throw new InvalidOperationException("Receiver Bit Set");
//Move to data
++offset;
//Todo Determine if need to Order by DON first.
//DON Present in FU - B
if (nalUnitType == 29) offset += 2;
//Determine the fragment size
int fragment_size = count - offset;
//If the size was valid
if (fragment_size > 0)
{
//If the start bit was set
if (Start)
{
//Reconstruct the nal header
//Use the first 3 bits of the first byte and last 5 bites of the FU Header
byte nalHeader = (byte)((firstByte & 0xE0) | (FUHeader & Common.Binary.FiveBitMaxValue));
//Could have been SPS / PPS / SEI
if (nalHeader > 5)
{
if (nalHeader == 6)
{
Buffer.WriteByte(0);
containsSei = true;
}
else if (nalHeader == 7)
{
Buffer.WriteByte(0);
containsPps = true;
}
else if (nalHeader == 8)
{
Buffer.WriteByte(0);
containsSps = true;
}
}
if (nalHeader == 1) containsSlice = true;
if (nalHeader == 5) isIdr = true;
//Write the start code
Buffer.Write(NalStart, 0, 3);
//Write the re-construced header
Buffer.WriteByte(nalHeader);
}
//Write the data of the fragment.
Buffer.Write(packetData, offset, fragment_size);
}
}
return;
}
default:
{
// 6 SEI, 7 and 8 are SPS and PPS
if (nalUnitType > 5)
{
if (nalUnitType == 6)
{
Buffer.WriteByte(0);
containsSei = true;
}
else if (nalUnitType == 7)
{
Buffer.WriteByte(0);
containsPps = true;
}
else if (nalUnitType == 8)
{
Buffer.WriteByte(0);
containsSps = true;
}
}
if (nalUnitType == 1) containsSlice = true;
if (nalUnitType == 5) isIdr = true;
//Write the start code
Buffer.Write(NalStart, 0, 3);
//Write the nal heaer and data data
Buffer.Write(packetData, offset, count - offset);
return;
}